Browsing by Author "Suruchi Poddar"

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Aluminium Oxide Thin-Film Based in Vitro Cell-Substrate Sensing Device for Monitoring Proliferation of Myoblast Cells
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2021) Uvanesh Kasiviswanathan; Chelladurai Karthikeyan Balavigneswaran; Chandan Kumar; Suruchi Poddar; Satyabrata Jit; Neeraj Sharma; Sanjeev Kumar Mahto
We demonstrate cell-substrate interaction on aluminium oxide thin-film in metal-insulator-metal structure followed by the change in dielectric characteristics of Al2O3 as a function of progression of cellular growth. The theoretical calculation of the fabricated biosensor reveals that the changes in the intrinsic elemental parameters are mainly attributed to the cell-induced behavioural changes. © 2002-2011 IEEE.
Clinical Implications of Cortisol and Bioanalytical Methods for Their Determination in Various Biological Matrices
(Springer Singapore, 2020) Ajay Kumar Sahi; Neelima Varshney; Rakesh Kumar Sidu; Suruchi Poddar; Pallawi; Kameshwarnath Singh; Sanjeev Kumar Mahto
Advancement in lifestyle and exponential population growth have evoked competitiveness and struggle for survival, resulting in the elevated levels of physiological stress that notably shows correlation with the rising health disparities within the population. Sustained level of stress based on environmental factors, gender inequalities, competitiveness and post-traumatic stress disorders (PTSDs) triggers the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) for signalling an abnormal release of cortisol from cortex region of the adrenal gland. Although several biomolecules and hormones are known to be influenced by physiological stress, examining cortisol (a steroid hormone) is observed to be one of the potential clinical strategies to assess the levels of the stress. Cortisol level varies regularly during day-night cycles that eventually regulates circadian rhythm. Free form of cortisol can provide accurate and precise determination of stress and is a biomarker for early diagnosis of disorder; hence real time estimation of cortisol can be beneficial to overcome many health issues. Chromatographic techniques are the conventional technology used for cortisol determination; however they possess several limitations such as bulky and complex system, multi-step lengthy and expensive extraction and purification process as well as high limit of detection leading to superficial information. Nowadays, multiple detection techniques have been discovered which consist of high sensitivity, require less or no sample preparation, miniaturization, rapid quantification and easy to use with minimal limitations. Electrochemical immunosensors and bioelectronics integrated with microfluidic platforms started gaining attention recently due to their non-invasive, quick responsive, highly sensitive and portable nature with wearable features. Considering the testing devices either reported in the literature or available for clinical practices, there still remains some improvements and scope to develop miniaturized and wearable point-of-care diagnostics that may exhibit increased sensitivity performance, simple design and rapid fabrication. This book chapter attempts to highlight information regarding cortisol detection sources in the body, the available sensing techniques and the diagnostic devices. In addition, we focus on recent advancements in the biosensing strategies for cortisol detection in particular using microfluidic technology. © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021.
Fabrication and Cytocompatibility Evaluation of Psyllium Husk (Isabgol)/Gelatin Composite Scaffolds
(Humana Press Inc., 2019) Suruchi Poddar; Piyush Sunil Agarwal; Ajay Kumar Sahi; Kiran Yellappa Vajanthri; Pallawi; K.N. Singh; Sanjeev Kumar Mahto
Psyllium husk or isabgol contains xylan backbone linked with arabinose, rhamnose, and galacturonic acid units (arabinoxylans). In this study, we demonstrate the fabrication and characterization of a macroporous three-dimensional (3D) composite scaffold by mixing psyllium husk powder (PH) and gelatin (G) in different ratios, viz.100 PH, 75/25 PH/G, and 50/50 PH/G (w/w), using an EDC-NHS coupling reaction followed by freeze-drying method. The reaction was performed in aqueous as well as in alcoholic media to determine the most appropriate solvent system for this purpose. The mechanical strength of the scaffold system was improved from 151 to 438 kPa. The fabricated scaffolds exhibited enhanced structural stability, remarkable swelling capacity, and escalated cell growth and proliferation. ATR-FTIR analysis showed the presence of amide and ester bonds indicating covalent crosslinking. SEM micrographs revealed the porous nature of the scaffolds with pores ranging from 30 to 150 μm, and further pore size distribution curve indicated that 75/25 PH/G (w/w%) EDC-NHS-alcohol scaffold exhibited the best fit to the Gaussian distribution. Swelling capacity of the 100 PH EDC-NHS-alcohol scaffolds was found to be nearly 40% from its original weight in 48 h. MTT assay using fibroblast cells revealed ~ 80% cellular proliferation by 6th day within the fabricated scaffolds in comparison to control. [Figure not available: see fulltext.]. © 2019, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
Freeze-Thaw-Induced Physically Cross-linked Superabsorbent Polyvinyl Alcohol/Soy Protein Isolate Hydrogels for Skin Wound Dressing: In Vitro and in Vivo Characterization
(American Chemical Society, 2022) Neelima Varshney; Ajay Kumar Sahi; Suruchi Poddar; Niraj K. Vishwakarma; Gauri Kavimandan; Archisha Prakash; Sanjeev Kumar Mahto
In this work, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)- and soy protein isolate (SPI)-based scaffolds were prepared by physical cross-linking using the freeze-thaw method. The PVA/SPI ratio was varied to examine the individual effects of the two constituents. The physicochemical properties of the fabricated scaffolds were analyzed through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry. The SPI concentration significantly affected the properties of scaffolds, such as the extent of gelation (%), pore size, porosity, degradation, swelling, and surface wettability. The in vitro degradation of fabricated hydrogels was evaluated in phosphate-buffered saline and lysozyme solution for a duration of 14 days. The in vitro compatibility of prepared hydrogels was evaluated by the MTT assay with NIH-3T3 cells (fibroblast). The water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) assays showed that all hydrogels possessed WVTR values in the range of 2000-2500 g m-2 day-1, which is generally recommended for ideal wound dressing. Overall, the obtained results reveal that the fabricated scaffolds have excellent biocompatibility, mechanical strength, porosity, stability, and degradation rate and thus carry enormous potential for tissue engineering applications. Furthermore, a full-thickness wound healing study performed in rats supported them as a promising wound dressing material. © 2022 American Chemical Society.
High-manganese and nitrogen stabilized austenitic stainless steel (Fe-18Cr-22Mn-0.65N): A material with a bright future for orthopedic implant devices
(IOP Publishing Ltd, 2021) Chandra Shekhar Kumar; Gaurav Singh; Suruchi Poddar; Neelima Varshney; Sanjeev Kumar Mahto; Arijit Saha Podder; Kausik Chattopadhyay; Amit Rastogi; Vakil Singh; Girija Shankar Mahobia
The rationale behind the success of nickel free or with extremely low nickel austenitic high manganese and nitrogen stabilized stainless steels is adverse influences of nickel ion on human body. Replacement of nickel by nitrogen and manganese provides a stable microstructure and facilitates better biocompatibility in respect of the conventional 316L austenitic stainless steel (316L SS). In this investigation, biocompatibility of the high-manganese and nitrogen stabilized (Fe-18Cr-22Mn-0.65N) austenitic stainless steel was studied and found highly promising. In vitro cell culture and cell proliferation (MTT) assays were performed on this stainless steel and assessed in respect of the 316L SS. Both the steels exhibited similar cell growth behavior. Furthermore, an enhancement was observed in cell proliferation on the Fe-18Cr-22Mn-0.65N SS after surface modification by ultrasonic shot peening (USP). The mean percent proliferation of the MG-63 cells increased from ≈88% for Un-USP to 98% and 105% for USP 3-2 and USP 2-2 samples, respectively for 5 d of incubation. Interestingly, in vivo animal study performed in rabbits for 3 and 6 weeks showed callus formation and sign of union without any allergic reaction. © 2021 IOP Publishing Ltd.