Browsing by Author "Swati"

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Effect of Bisphenol A on human health and its degradation by microorganisms: A review
(2014) Shikha Chouhan; Satyndra K. Yadav; Jay Prakash; Swati; Surya P. Singh
Bisphenol A (BPA), is an industrially important compound and is widely used for the production of polycarbonates and other plastics. Over the past few years, there have been many issues raised all over the world on the use of BPA. BPA is known to possess estrogenic activities; hence, it mimics the role of estrogen once it enters living systems. Thus, it has been placed in the category of compounds called endocrine disruptors. It can cause damage to reproductive organs, thyroid gland, and brain tissues at developmental stages, and most recently it has also been linked to cancer development in humans. Here, in this review, we aim to summarize the various effects of BPA on humans and animals, and at the same time we wish to throw some light on the emerging field of biodegradation of BPA in the natural environment. A few studies conducted recently have tried to isolate BPA-degrading microorganisms from various sites, like water bodies receiving wastes from industries, landfills, etc. In the present scenario, with huge controversies on the use of BPA, we emphasize on bridging the gap between studies, aiming at finding the damage caused by BPA, and the studies which aim at the safe removal of BPA from the environment, with the help of naturally occurring microbes. Once this gap is filled, we will be able to find a way which will allow the use of BPA in manufacturing plastics, without its accumulation in the environment. © 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg and the University of Milan.
Environmental, legal, health, and safety issue of nanocellulose
(Elsevier, 2022) Gurudatta Singh; Syed Saquib; Ankita Gupta; Swati
Excessive anthropogenic needs of various useful yet environmentally harmful materials such as plastic put tremendous pressure on the planet, eventually causing multiple environmental and health impacts. This chapter aims to elucidate and focus onapossible emerging solution-nanocellulose-to curb all such environmental problems. In recent years nanocellulose-based composites have attracted significant scientific community and industrial innovations because of their biocompatible, biodegradable, and high physicochemical properties. Nanocellulose is usually obtained from plants, that is, cellulose nanofibrils and nanocellulosic crystals. Another type of composite is bacterial in origin and known as bacterial cellulose. These materials are nanoscale in size usually ranges from less than 10 to 100 nm in length. Such smaller size and certain physicochemical properties, including mechanical, optical, and thermal properties, make them ideal for various products. Nanocellulose is reported to be extensively used in biomedical devices, biosensors, water pollutant removal, and paper and packaging industries. Despite many positive aspects, the health/safety, environmental, and certain regulatory issues related to nanocellulose production and usage are still debatable among scientists and lawmakers. However, still extensive research is needed to formulateasafe, sustainable, and efficient production and usage of nanocellulose-based innovative materials to obtain an overall sustainable system. © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Grossly Polluting Industries and Their Effect on Water Resources in India
(wiley, 2021) Zeenat Arif; Naresh Kumar Sethy; Swati; Pradeep Kumar Mishra; Bhawna Verma
Industrialization is considered as the pillar of economic development and human welfare in India. Since the previous decade, industrial development has greatly affected water resources like rivers, lakes, groundwater, and so on. This is mainly due to the increase in the percentage of grossly polluting industries (GPIs) such as textiles, tannery, distillery, and drug industries. Since 2011, the number of GPIs increased from 1162â€‰units over 22 states/union territories (UTs) to 2743â€‰units over 36 states/UTs as per the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) report, of which about 84% of the GPIs are located in four states, viz. Uttar Pradesh (1218), Haryana (660), Andhra Pradesh (198), and Gujarat (191). According to the National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG), the wastewater generated by GPIs is 45% of total water consumption. This is mostly due to small-scale industries having a lack of effluent treatment plants (ETPs). These industries produce major pollutants like Cr from tanneries, organic pollutants from distilleries, dyes from textiles, and other toxic chemicals from drug and hazardous chemical industries, which affect both surface and groundwater resources. This has an adverse effect on aquatic ecosystems and human health both directly and indirectly. There are many initiatives and measures taken by central government like national water policies, revised effluent standards, establishing more common effluent treatment plants (CETPs), adopting projects like zero liquid discharge (ZLD) (reuse and recycling of entire industrial wastewater), and so on. Proper management and monitoring of these measures and policies would help in reducing surface and groundwater pollution. Hence, this chapter is focused on GPIs and their effect on water resources and the management of their discharging effluents. © 2021 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. All rights reserved.
Magneto-Electronic and Optical Properties of Full Heusler Alloy, Y2FeSi: a First Principle Calculation With and Without Spin–Orbit Coupling Effect
(Springer, 2022) Arvind Kumar; Swati; Manish Kumar; Vikrant Chaudhary; Gaurav Sharma; V.P. Singh; Rishi P. Singh
The first principle calculation to investigate the structural, optoelectronic, and magnetic properties of the Y2FeSi Heusler alloy (HA) using the Wien2K code has been discussed in detail in the present manuscript. To estimate the physical properties of the HA, PBE-GGA and mBJ exchange–correlation functional were applied. The electronic charge density contour plot represents the dominant ionic character among the atomic configurations of Y2FeSi compound. Density of states (DOS) across the Fermi level (EF) exhibits the prominent role of Fe-3d electronic states along with Y-4d and Si-2p electronic states. Estimated spin polarization (SP ~ 75%) from the DOS profile suggests the metallic nature with magnetic (ferromagnetic having magnetic moment ~ 1.65 µB/cell for the HA) ordering of the compound. Phonon spectra represents the dynamical stability of the Y2FeSi compound. Additionally, the consequence of spin–orbit coupling (SOC) on material’s physical properties was also explored. Band structure (BS) with SOC effect shows additional energy levels across the EF, due to splitting of Y-atoms’ energy levels. A dielectric function was assessed with and without SOC to study the optical properties. Overall, Y2FeSi HA reveals interesting electronic, magnetic, and optical properties that have the potential for application in optical and spintronic devices. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.