Browsing by Author "Swati Kumari"

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A comprehensive review on the applications of nano-biosensor-based approaches for non-communicable and communicable disease detection
(Royal Society of Chemistry, 2021) Rout George Kerry; Kingsley Eghonghon Ukhurebor; Swati Kumari; Ganesh Kumar Maurya; Sushmita Patra; Bijayananda Panigrahi; Sanatan Majhi; Jyoti Ranjan Rout; María Del Pilar Rodriguez-Torres; Gitishree Das; Han-Seung Shin; Jayanta Kumar Patra
The outstretched applications of biosensors in diverse domains has become the reason for their attraction for scientific communities. Because they are analytical devices, they can detect both quantitative and qualitative biological components through the generation of detectable signals. In the recent past, biosensors witnessed significant changes and developments in their design as well as features. Nanotechnology has revolutionized sensing phenomena by increasing biodiagnostic capacity in terms of specificity, size, and cost, resulting in exceptional sensitivity and flexibility. The steep increase of non-communicable diseases across the world has emerged as a matter of concern. In parallel, the abrupt outbreak of communicable diseases poses a serious threat to mankind. For decreasing the morbidity and mortality associated with various communicable and non-communicable diseases, early detection and subsequent treatment are indispensable. Detection of different biological markers generates quantifiable signals that can be electrochemical, mass-based, optical, thermal, or piezoelectric. Speculating on the incumbent applicability and versatility of nano-biosensors in large disciplines, this review highlights different types of biosensors along with their components and detection mechanisms. Moreover, it deals with the current advancements made in biosensors and the applications of nano-biosensors in detection of various non-communicable and communicable diseases, as well as future prospects of nano-biosensors for diagnostics. This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.
Biogenic Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles: An Insight into the Advancements in Antimicrobial Resistance
(Institute of Physics, 2024) Avinash Sharma; K. Akash; Swati Kumari; Kartik Chauhan; Abija James; Riya Goel; Jay Singh; Rupak Nagraik; Deepak Kumar
Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a significant global challenge requiring strategic solutions to address bacterial infections. Recent advancements in nanotechnology, particularly in the synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) using natural agents as stabilizers and reducing agents, have shown promising results in combating MDR. These nanoparticles possess strong antimicrobial properties against different strains of Gram-positive and Gram-negative, making them suitable for various industries, including food, pharmaceuticals, coatings, and medical devices. ZnO-NPs work by generating reactive oxygen species, releasing zinc ions (Zn2+), disrupting the bacterial cell membrane, interfering with metabolic processes and genetic material, and inducing oxidative stress and apoptosis. However, more research is needed to refine synthesis techniques, control size and morphology, and increase antibacterial efficacy. To fully understand their potential, interactions with proteins, DNA, and bacterial cell walls must also be examined. Investigating the synergistic potential of biogenic ZnO NPs with conventional antibacterial treatments could enhance therapeutic effectiveness while minimizing the risk of resistance emergence. Here we provide insight into the advancements in biogenic synthesis of nanoparticles using bio extracts and their applications in antimicrobial resistance as well as various factors affecting the synthesis process and characterization techniques for ZnO NPs. Recent studies on the antimicrobial activity of biogenic ZnO NPs against different pathogens and their mechanisms of action are discussed. Furthermore, potential applications of biogenic ZnO NPs as antimicrobial agents are highlighted. © 2024 The Electrochemical Society (“ECS”). Published on behalf of ECS by IOP Publishing Limited.
Emerging Molecular Prospective of SARS-CoV-2: Feasible Nanotechnology Based Detection and Inhibition
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2020) Sushmita Patra; Rout George Kerry; Ganesh Kumar Maurya; Bijayananda Panigrahi; Swati Kumari; Jyoti Ranjan Rout
The rapid dissemination of SARS-CoV-2 demonstrates how vulnerable it can make communities and is why it has attained the status of global pandemic. According to the estimation from Worldometer, the SARS-CoV-2 affected cases and deaths are exponentially increasing worldwide, marking the mortality rate as ∼3.8% with no probability of its cessation till now. Despite massive attempts and races among scientific communities in search of proper therapeutic options, the termination of this breakneck outbreak of COVID-19 has still not been made possible. Therefore, this review highlights the diverse molecular events induced by a viral infection, such as autophagy, unfolded protein response (UPR), and inflammasome, illustrating the intracellular cascades regulating viral replication inside the host cell. The SARS-CoV-2-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis are also emphasized in the review. Additionally, host’s immune response associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection, as well as the genetic and epigenetic changes, have been demonstrated, which altogether impart a better understanding of its epidemiology. Considering the drawbacks of available diagnostics and medications, herein we have presented the most sensitive nano-based biosensors for the rapid detection of viral components. Moreover, conceptualizing the viral-induced molecular changes inside its target cells, nano-based antiviral systems have also been proposed in this review. © Copyright © 2020 Patra, Kerry, Maurya, Panigrahi, Kumari and Rout.