Browsing by Author "T. P. Chaturvedi"

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Comparative Efficacy of Autologous Blood and Dextrose Prolotherapy in the Management of Temporomandibular Joint Hypermobility: A Rabbit Model Study
(Springer, 2025) Preeti Tiwari; Amit Nandan Dwivedi; T. P. Chaturvedi; Rahul Patel; Om Prakash Singh; Bitan Naik; Nishtha Chauhan
Introduction: Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) hypermobility affects broad demographic, challenging the efficacy of traditional treatments. The aim of this study is to investigate therapeutic potential of autologous blood injections (ABI) vs dextrose prolotherapy in rabbit model, through detailed histopathological & radiological analyses. Material and Methods: After ethical approval from the institutional committee, a hypermobile joint model was established in rabbits through surgery affirmed by MRI. Subsequently, rabbits were randomly divided into two groups i.e. ABI and dextrose solution. In each group, one joint was designated as control, treated with saline. Following surgical induction of TMJ hypermobility, treatments were administered, & outcome was assessed through histological examination for fibrosis grading & CD68 staining for macrophage infiltration. Results: The ABI group exhibited a higher fibrosis grade (> 75% in 50% of joints) & stronger CD68 staining, indicating a significant fibrotic response & macrophage infiltration compared to dextrose group. In contrast, control joints displayed no fibrosis grades & negative CD68 staining. Conclusion: The study highlights both ABI & dextrose prolotherapy elicit significant fibrotic responses in treating TMJ hypermobility, indicating their therapeutic mechanisms. ABI in particular, triggers more marked inflammatory reaction, underscoring its potential efficacy. Further evaluation is essential to understand its clinical significance and applicability in managing TMJ disorders. © The Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons of India 2025.
Comparison of Methodologies for the Assessment of Clinical Ability in the Removal of Teeth Among Undergraduate Dental Students in India
(Springer, 2025) Preeti Tiwari; T. P. Chaturvedi; Nishtha Chauhan; Rathindra Nath Bera; Mehul Shashikant Hirani
Introduction: Exodontia, or tooth extraction, is a fundamental skill for dentists, particularly in regions where specialized dental care may be less accessible. Assessments often rely on the examiner’s experience, employing arbitrary criteria such as the application of local anesthetic, hygiene, aseptic precautions, and proper instrument use. Such methods risk subjective bias, prioritizing different aspects based on the examiner’s perspective and potentially leading to inconsistent evaluations. The objective of the study was to assess the reliability and validity of the conventional methodology of assessment with a format-based assessment (FM) tool in evaluating exodontia skills. Methods: Twenty students (n = 20) were randomly selected for the study. The conventional method (CM) assessments were given out of a total of 100 marks. To evaluate inter-item consistency, videos of the same procedure were randomly repeated for different examiners. The format-based assessment (FM) used two structured formats (a visual analog scale and an Assessment of Clinical Exodontia Skills (ACES) rating scale), with the formats slightly adjusted to suit the study’s requirements. Results: The rating scale and VAS methods demonstrated higher reliability in evaluating the students’ exodontia skills compared to the conventional method, yielding significantly higher scores (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Future research should explore the development and integration of hybrid assessment models that combine the objectivity of format-based tools with the holistic perspective of conventional methods. © The Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons of India 2025.
Diagnostic accuracy of artificial intelligence in determining extraction protocol in orthodontic patients: A systematic review
(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2025) Sharvari Madhav Mairal; Vipul Kumar Sharma; K. J. Jakshmi; Ulhaas Kashyap; Mahesh R. Khairnar; T. P. Chaturvedi; Ankita Jamdade
OBJECTIVE: To assess the diagnostic accuracy of artificial intelligence-based models in the determination of tooth extraction in orthodontic treatment planning. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in multiple databases (PubMed, LILACS, Web of Science, Scopus, EBSCO, and Google Scholar) up to June, 2024. Studies that met the inclusion criteria based on the PIRD (Participants, Index test, Reference test, Diagnostic) framework were selected. The risk of bias of included studies was assessed using the QUADAS-2 tool, and their methodological quality was evaluated as well using a standardized checklist. RESULTS: Out of 361 retrieved records, eleven studies were included in this review. Nine of these studies achieved a score of over 50% on the AI quality checklist, indicating acceptable methodological quality. However, a comprehensive assessment using the QUADAS-2 tool revealed that all studies had some level of risk of bias, particularly in patient selection, the conduct of AI-based predictions, and the reference standard used. CONCLUSION: Neural networks and classifier models demonstrated the high level of accuracy ranging from 82% to 94% in determining the optimal tooth extraction protocol. However, to ensure reliable predictions, artificial intelligence-based models should be rigorously trained, incorporating a comprehensive range of factors. © 2025 Journal of Orthodontic Science.
Microbial adherence of titanium surface coated with direct current magnetron sputtered tantalum: An in vitro study
(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2025) Ankita Singh; T. P. Chaturvedi; Ragini Tilak; Punit Tiwari
Objectives: Titanium (Ti) has been used as the main biomaterial for implant devices reason being good physical–chemical properties and favorable biocompatibility with host tissues. However, on exposure to the external environment for example the oral cavity, implants show biofilm formation and microbial adhesion that leads to infection. The objective of this in vitro study was to investigate the influence of tantalum thin‑film coating on microbial adherence on CP titanium grade 4 and Ti6Al4V grade 5 alloy against S. aureus and C. albicans. Material and Method: CP titanium Grade 4 and Ti‑based alloy Grade 5 (control samples) and tantalum‑coated Cp titanium Grade 4 and Ti‑based alloy Grade 5 (test samples). Samples were tested for adhesion of S. aureus and C. albicans. The quantity and metabolic activity of biofilm obtained was measured by CV assay and MTT assay. Statistical analysis was performed. Biofilm structure was visualized with a scanning electron microscope. Results: Statistically significant results were obtained for C. albicans and S. aureus biofilm formation evaluated at 48 h for the amount of bacterial and fungal growth on coated (test) samples as compared to uncoated (control) samples for both CPTi grade 4 group as well as grade 5 Ti alloy. SEM images further confirmed these results. Conclusion: This study concluded that surface modification of dental implant material (CPTi grade 4 group and grade 5 Ti alloy) with tantalum can influence the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. Tantalum coated Titanium surface has shown a significant reduction in growth of these pathogens indicating enhanced antimicrobial activity. © 2025 National Journal of Maxillofacial Surgery.
Transcriptomic analysis reveals distinct molecular signatures and regulatory networks of osteoarthritic chondrocytes versus mesenchymal stem cells during chondrogenesis
(Palacky University Olomouc, 2025) Tsungyu Lin; Viraj Krishna Mishra; Rajni Dubey; T. P. Chaturvedi; A. Shankar Narayan; Hsuwei Fang; Lungwen Tsai; Navneet Kumar Dubey
Background. Recent regenerative studies imply conflicting results on knee osteoarthritic (OA) chondrocytes and mes-enchymal stem cells (MSC)-mediated cartilage constructs in terms of compressive properties and tensile strength. This could be attributed to different gene expression patterns between MSC and OA chondrocytes during chondrogenic differentiation. Therefore, we analyzed differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between OA and MSC-derived chondro-cytes using bioinformatics tools. Methods. We downloaded and analyzed the GSE19664 dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus to identify DEGs. DAVID was used to perform Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses, while a protein-protein interaction network of DEGs was constructed through the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING) and identified hub genes by CytoHubba. Results. A total of 43 DEGs identified (15 downregulated and 28 upregulated) were found to be deregulated between OA and MSC-derived chondrocytes. KEGG analysis revealed the enrichment of complement and coagulation cascades and other pathways among the studied chondrocytes. The pathway enrichment identified top KEGG, gene ontology biological process, molecular function, and cellular component. The hub networks identified the top 5 hub genes involved in chondrogenesis, including CLU, PLAT, CP, TIMP3, and SERPINA1. Conclusions. Our results identified significant genes involved in chondrogenesis. These findings provide new avenues for exploring the genetic mechanism underlying cartilage synthesis and novel targets for preclinical intervention and clinical treatment. © 2025 The Authors.