Browsing by Author "Tejbal Singh"

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A review of India’s fodder production status and opportunities
(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2022) Deo Narayan Singh; Jitendra S. Bohra; Vishal Tyagi; Tejbal Singh; Tej R. Banjara; Gaurendra Gupta
This review paper aims at an in-depth analysis of the challenges, opportunities, and status of fodder production in India. A comprehensive review of available literature and various reports by govt. as well as non govt. organizations have been done as part of the methodology for preparing the manuscript. India caters to approximately 20% of the world's livestock population and about 17.5% of the human population on just 2.3% of the world's land area. The human population is increasing at a pace of 1.6% per annum, while the livestock population is increasing at a rate of 0.66% per year. Theses increasing human and animal populations are fighting tooth and nail for land resources for food and fodder production, respectively. As a result, cultivated fodders occupy only 4% of the entire cultivable land in the country. Presently, the country faces a net shortfall of 35.6% green fodder, 10.5% dry crop leftovers, and 44% concentrate feed ingredients. The option for increasing land area under fodder cultivation is very limited. Hence, it is big challenge in front of us to utilize the available meagre land wisely with its fullest potential to produce the fodders for the animals. Which could be achieved by adopting suitable cropping systems, incorporation of fodder crops in food and other cash crop-based cropping systems on rotational basis, production of fodder on degraded lands by adopting fodder-based agro forestry systems and exploring other options of green fodder like azolla. The cropping system with forage crops provides a potential alternative to overcome the fodder problem as it utilizes the resources more efficiently. © 2022 John Wiley & Sons Ltd
ASSESSMENT OF NUTRIENT DYNAMICS OF DIVERSIFIED RICE-WHEAT CROPPING SEQUENCES UNDER INTEGRATED FARMING SYSTEM OF MIDDLE IGP
(Bangladesh Botanical Society, 2022) Priyanka Saha; Jitendra Singh Bohra; Deeptirekha Mahapatra; Harsita Nayak; Tejbal Singh; Anamika Barman
A field experiment was conducted with 10 crop sequences as treatments to find out nutrient dynamics and nutrient uptake pattern. This study was laid out in randomized block design with three replications. Among the different cropping sequence taken under study, sudan fodder- berseem- cowpea fodder recorded highest nitrogen (443.6 kg/ha), phosphorus (146.8 kg/ha) and potassium (306.3 kg/ha) uptake followed by cowpea fodder- berseem- maize fodder with 411, 105.9 and 274 kg/ha nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, respectively. Both these crop sequences showed negative nitrogen balance in soil. Meanwhile potassium balance was negative for most of the sequences. However, high value rice- capsicum - vegetable cowpea registered lowest nitrogen (134.5 kg/ha) and potassium uptake (129.20 kg/ha) leading to a positive nitrogen and potassium balance. © 2022 Bangladesh Botanical Society. All rights reserved.
Common foods for boosting human immunity: A review
(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2023) Deo Narayan Singh; Jitendra Singh Bohra; Tej Pratap Dubey; Pushp Raj Shivahre; Ram Kumar Singh; Tejbal Singh; Deepak Kumar Jaiswal
We are frequently exposed to potentially harmful microbes of various types on a daily basis. Our immune system is an amazing collection of unique organs and cells that defends us from hazardous germs as well as certain diseases. It plays a crucial role in protecting the body against external invaders, including bacteria, viruses, and parasites. Maintaining a healthy immune system requires consuming a balanced diet that provides a variety of macro- and micronutrients. By consuming sufficient amounts of water, minerals such as zinc and magnesium, micronutrients, herbs, and foods rich in vitamins C, D, and E, and adopting a healthy lifestyle, one can enhance their health and immunity, and prevent infections. This article provides a comprehensive review of the scientific literature on common foods known for their potential to boost human immunity. The review begins by discussing the various components of the immune system and their functions. It then delves into the current understanding of how nutrition can influence immune response, highlighting the importance of a well-balanced diet in supporting optimal immune function. The article presents an extensive analysis of a range of common foods that have been studied for their immune-boosting properties. These foods include fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and animal-based foods. Each food category is explored in terms of its specific nutrients and bioactive compounds that contribute to immune support. Foods such as milk, eggs, fruits, leafy greens, and spices like onion, garlic, and turmeric contain beneficial compounds that can enhance the immune system's function, activate and inhibit immune cells, and interfere with multiple pathways that eventually lead to improved immune responses and defense. The available literature on the issue was accessed via online resources and evaluated thoroughly as a methodology for preparing this manuscript. © 2023 The Authors. Food Science & Nutrition published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Diversification of rice (Oryza sativa)-based cropping system of Varanasi for enhanced productivity and employment generation
(Indian Council of Agricultural Research, 2022) Priyanka Saha; Jitendra Singh Bohra; Harsita Nayak; Tejbal Singh; Anamika Barman
A field experiment was conducted during 2019-20 with an objective to study the effect of diversification of rice- wheat cropping system with different fodder, legume and high value crops for enhanced productivity and employment generation under irrigated ecosystem. The rice equivalent yield was maximum with sudan fodder (4412 kg/ha), capsicum (8371 kg/ha) and lady's finger (6519 kg/ ha) for rainy (kharif), winter (rabi) and summer season, respectively. However, high value rice-potato-lady's finger recorded significantly higher system productivity and was comparable to high value rice-capsicum-vegetable cowpea sequence. Cropping sequences containing more than one crop gave better land use efficiency and more employment generation opportunities by engaging more farm labours. Hence, both the sequences, S9and S10recorded higher land use efficiency and labour engagement over other crop sequences thus leading to better employment generation. © 2022 Indian Council of Agricultural Research. All rights reserved.
Microbial Seed Priming Enhances Chickpea Performance and Yield Potential Under Subtropical Conditions of India
(Springer, 2023) Priyanka Saha; Jitendra Singh Bohra; Harsita Nayak; Tejbal Singh; Suman Sen; Santosh Kumar; Sushil Kumar
The synthesis and application of inoculants containing microorganisms in crops are gaining more attention worldwide. Among inoculants, mostly crop-specific strains of Rhizobia are used for legume crops to enhance their production potential. There is, however, meagre research on the utilization of endomycorrhizae and signal molecules like lipo-chitooligosachharide to increase yield potential in legumes, notably in chickpea. Thus, this experiment was attempted at the Agricultural Research Farm of the Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, during the winter season of 2019–2020 with the objective of enhancing the production potential of chickpea through seed priming with microbial inoculants. The experiment consisted of eight treatments viz., T1 (control), T2 (Rhizobium 20 g + Phosphate solubilizing bacteria 20 g), T3 (endomycorrhizae 1 g), T4 (endomycorrhizae 2 g), T5 (endomycorrhizae 4 g), T6 (endomycorrhizae 1 g + lipo-chitooligosaccharide 0.33 ml), T7 (endomycorrhizae 2 g + lipo-chitooligosaccharide 0.33 ml) and T8 (endomycorrhizae 4 g + lipo-chitooligosaccharide 0.33 ml). The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design and replicated four times. Seed priming significantly influenced plant height, dry weight, leaf area, root length, nodule number, pods per plant, grain and straw yield. Among treatments, seed priming with endomycorrhizae 4 g + lipo-chitooligosaccharide 0.33 ml (T8) proved better in terms of plant height, dry matter, leaf area, nodule number, and root length. Furthermore, the endomycorrhizae (4 g) + lipo-chitooligosaccharide (0.33 ml) combination resulted in higher grain (2.60–48.34%) and straw (1.05–59.16%) yields than the other treatments. Based on the obtained results, seed priming of chickpea with endomycorrhizae + lipo-chitooligosaccharide is suggested for better performance and enhanced production potential. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The National Academy of Sciences, India.
Productivity and energetics of rice (Oryza sativa) based cropping systems in Indo-Gangetic plains
(Indian Council of Agricultural Research, 2022) Tej Ram Banjara; J.S. Bohra; Deo Narayan Singh; Tejbal Singh
A field experiment was conducted at the Agricultural Research Farm, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh during 2016-17 and 2017-18 to study the productivity and energetics of rice (Oryza saliva L.)-based cropping systems under irrigated condition. The experiment was conducted in randomized block design with three replications. The treatment comprised ten rice-based cropping sequences. Results revealed that rice-potato-green gram recorded significantly high system rice equivalent yield over rest of the cropping sequences during both the years of study. Energy input was recorded highest in rice-potato-green gram followed by rice-potato-cowpea fodder, rice-mustard-sudan grass fodder, rice-wheat-cowpea fodder and lowest in rice-berseem-cowpea fodder sequence. Rice-mustard-sudan grass fodder sequence recorded significantly high energy output, net energy, energy output-input ratio and energy intensity as compared to rest of the cropping sequences during both the years of investigation, whereas energy productivity was high in rice-cabbage-cowpea fodder sequence compared to other sequences during both the years of experimentation. However, specific energy was higher in rice-wheat-green gram sequence than rest of the cropping sequences except rice-wheat sequence during second year of investigation where it remained at par with rice-wheat-green gram sequence. © 2022 Indian Council of Agricultural Research. All rights reserved.
Response of potato (Solanum tuberosum l.) to irrigation methods, moisture regimes and integrated nitrogen management
(Indian Society of Agronomy, 2021) Sanjeev Singh; Bhoop Narayan Singh; Adesh Singh; Rakesh Chandra Tiwari; Mohammad Hasanain; Tejbal Singh; Anand Singh; Yakshi Agrawal
A field experiment was conducted in split-plot design during the winter (rabi) season of 2015–16 at Agronomy Research Farm, Kumarganj, Ayodhya (Uttar Pradesh) to evaluate the response of potato (Solanum tubersum L.) to irrigation methods, moisture regimes and nitrogen management. Treatments effect was non-significant on initial plant stand [15 days after planting (DAP)]. The plant height, number of haulms, number of leaves at 90 DAP and dry weight of haulms were significantly superior under regular furrow irrigation method, 1.0 irrigation water: cumulative pan evaporation (IW: CPE) and 75% dose of urea through N + 25% dose of N through FYM over their counterparts. All the growth characters were found highest under nitrogen-management treatment 75% dose of urea through N + 25% dose of N through FYM, which was statistically superior to rest of the nitrogen-management treatments. Yield attributes, viz. number of tubers (grade-wise)/hill, weight of tubers (grade-wise) (kg/plot), and tuber yield (q/ha) were found highest under regular furrow method of irrigation (M1 ) and moisture regime, 1.0 IW: CPE (I2 ) over 0.8 IW: CPE (I1 ) and 1.2 IW: CPE (I3 ). Moisture regimes significantly influenced number of all grade of tubers. All the yield attributes were significantly higher under nitrogen management treatment N2, and was statistically superior to rest of the nitrogen management treatments. © 2021, Indian Society of Agronomy. All rights reserved.
Sustainable alternative crop rotations to the irrigated rice-wheat cropping system of Indo-Gangetic plains of India
(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2022) Tej Ram Banjara; Jitendra Singh Bohra; Sushil Kumar; Tejbal Singh; Abhishek Shori; Kailash Prajapat
In recent years, the sustainability of the rice-wheat cropping system in Indo-Gangetic Plains is facing many problems in various fronts viz., agricultural, ecological, environmental and economical. Therefore, to ensure long-term sustainability, the rice-wheat cropping system needs to be diversified. The present study was conducted to identify an alternative cropping system for Indo-Gangetic Plains region of India by diversifying and intensifying the current rice-wheat cropping system. Ten treatments (rice-wheat = control, rice-wheat-green gram, rice-potato-green gram, rice-wheat-cowpea fodder, rice-potato-cowpea fodder, rice-berseem fodder-maize fodder, rice-berseem fodder-cowpea fodder, rice-mustard-sudan grass fodder, rice-mustard-cowpea fodder and rice-cabbage-cowpea fodder) were compared consecutively two years in randomized block design with three replications. Diversification of rice-wheat cropping system with rice-potato-green gram resulted in increase in system productivity (142.35%), gross returns (99.57%), net returns (130.34%), profitability (130.96%), relative production efficiency (142.53%), relative economic efficiency (130.79%) and labour employment (55.73%). The inclusion of legume crops in cropping sequences was found better in improving the soil quality parameters. Our results revealed the significance of diversification and intensification of rice-wheat cropping system under irrigated ecosystem of IGP as it enhanced system productivity, profitability and soil health. © 2021 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.