Browsing by Author "Triyugi Nath"

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Chemical traits of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) pod wall affecting pod fly (Melanagromyza obtusa) damage
(2011) Vageesh Pandey; C.P. Srivastava; Triyugi Nath; P. Raha
Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) is the second important pulse crop in India. Pod fly [Melanagromyza obtusa (Malloch)] is a major pest of long-duration pigeonpea in India. The grain damage caused by this insect pest varies from 20 to 80%. The concealed mode of life of pod fly within the pod makes it difficult to control, with chemical insecticides. Therefore, host-plant resistance is an important tool for the management of this pest. Analysis of pod walls of five pod fly resistant/tolerant and six susceptible cultivars/genotypes showed that the genotypes with more wax, total phenols and less reducing and non-reducing sugars and total amino acids suffered less pod and grain damage by pod fly. Therefore, these biochemical pod traits can be used as marker to identify the resistance sources to be used in breeding programme.
Integrated assessment of diversification of rice-wheat cropping system in indo-gangetic plain
(2011) Ravi Kant Singh; Jitendra Singh Bohra; Triyugi Nath; Yeshwant Singh; Kalyan Singh
Diversification of rice-wheat cropping system may improve the productivity and sustainability of agricultural production in the Indo-Gangetic plane region (IGPR), but the choice of alternative sequences to be used requires integrated assessment of various crop sequences. A long-term field experiment was initiated during 2000-01 on sandy loam soil at Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India to assess 10 rice-based cropping sequences - rice-wheat, rice-chickpea, ricewheat- green gram, rice-wheat-Sesbania (green manure), rice-mustard-green gram, rice-lentil-cowpea (fodder), rice-pea, rice-lentil + mustard (3:1)-cowpea (fodder), rice-maize (cob) + vegetable pea (1:1)-cowpea (fodder) and rice-potato-green gram in randomized block design with four replications. The data contained in this paper are for the year 2002-03 and 2003-04. Substitution of rice-wheat with 300% intensity cropping sequences particularly with rice-potato-green gram resulted in maximum production cost but gave the highest system productivity, net return, benefit:cost ratio, production efficiency, profitability and energy productivity. Inclusion of summer grain/fodder legume or Sesbania for green manuring improved the content of soil organic matter. The soil P status was positively affected in all the sequences and particularly those with summer crops. Decline in soil available K in all the sequences indicated inadequacy of present recommended rate of fertilizer K to all the component crops in different sequences. © 2011 Taylor & Francis.
Irrigation suitability and health risk assessment of groundwater resources in the Firozabad industrial area of north-central India: An integrated indexical, statistical, and geospatial approach
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2023) Anuj Saraswat; Triyugi Nath; Michael E. Omeka; Chinanu O. Unigwe; Ifeanyi E. Anyanwu; Samuel I. Ugar; Ashish Latare; Md Basit Raza; Biswaranjan Behera; Partha P. Adhikary; Antonio Scopa; Mohamed A. E. AbdelRahman
The recent global upsurge in anthropogenic activities has resulted in a decline in the quality of water. This by extension has resulted in increased ubiquity of water pollution in terms of sources. The application of traditional water quality assessment methods usually involves the use of conventional water quality parameters and guideline values. This may be associated with bias and errors during the computation of various sub-indices. Hence, to overcome this limitation, it is critical to have a visual appraisal of the water quality in terms of source and human health risks exposure for sustainable water resource management and informed decision-making. Therefore, the present study has integrated multiple water quality assessment indices, spatio-temporal, and statistical models to assess the suitability of fifty groundwater samples (n = 50) within the Firozabad industrial area for irrigation and drinking; as well as the likely health risks from oral intake and dermal contact by inhabitants. Electrical conductivity (mean = 1,576.6 μs/cm), total hardness (mean = 230.9 mg/L), dissolved sodium (mean = 305.1 mg/L) chloride (mean = 306.1 mg/L) and fluoride (mean = 1.52 mg/L) occurred in the water at concentrations above the recommended standards; attributed influxes from agricultural and industrial wastewater. The pollution index of groundwater and water quality index revealed that 100% of the groundwater samples are extremely polluted; this was also supported by the joint multivariate statistical analyses. The majority of the irrigational water quality indices (sodium adsorption ratio, Kelly’s Ratio, permeability index, percent sodium) revealed that the long-term use of the groundwater for irrigation in the area will result in reduced crop yield unless remedial measures are put in place. Higher Hazard index (HI > 1) for nitrate and fluoride ingestion was recorded in water for the children population compared to adult; an indication that the children population is more predisposed to health risks from the oral intake of water. Generally, risk levels from ingestion appear to increase in the western and north-eastern parts of the study area. From the findings of this study, it is highly recommended that adequate agricultural practices, land use, and water treatment regulatory strategies be put in place for water quality sustainability for enhanced agricultural production and human health protection. Copyright © 2023 Saraswat, Nath, Omeka, Unigwe, Anyanwu, Ugar, Latare, Raza, Behera, Adhikary, Scopa and Abdel Rahman.
Ozone-Induced Alterations in Rhizospheric Nitrogen Pools and Their Implications for N2O Emissions in Rice Soil
(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2025) Ziom Adam Michael; Anjani Kumar; Ashish Kumar Dash; Rameswar Prasad Sah; Periyasamy Panneerselvam; Sangita R. Mohanty; Abhishek Kumar Sahu; Prashantkumar S. Hanjagi; Triyugi Nath; Narayan Panda; Panneerselvam Peramaiyan; Pratap Bhattacharyya; Amaresh Kumar Nayak
Elevated tropospheric ozone (O3) may alter nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from rice soils by affecting soil nitrogen pools and microbial activity. Understanding these interactions is essential for predicting the future behavior of rice ecosystems under elevated ozone stress. This study investigates the responses of N2O flux in relation to soil nitrogen (N) pools and microbial activity in rice soil subjected to four levels of elevated tropospheric O3 (UC (ambient [O3] in an open-field, 30 ± 5 ppb), CC (ambient [O3] within an open-top chamber (OTC), 30 ± 5 ppb), EO40 (elevated [O3] within an OTC, 40 ± 5 ppb), and EO60 (elevated [O3] within an OTC, 60 ± 5 ppb). Rice soil exposed to e[O3] exhibited significant reductions in microbial biomass nitrogen (29%), ammoniacal nitrogen (30%), and nitrate nitrogen (32%) concentration over ambient (CC). Rhizospheric denitrifier populations decreased by 11%, whereas seasonal N2O emission was decreased by 21% under e[O3] as compared to CC. The PLS-PM model revealed that nitrifiers and denitrifiers exert a direct influence on N₂O emissions, with a more pronounced effect under e[O3] conditions compared to the CC. These insights enhance our understanding of the complex interactions between soil, plants, and microbial communities in an O3-enriched environment. © 2025 International Ozone Association.