Browsing by Author "Tusar Kanti Behera"

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An umbrella review on ethnomedicinal, pharmacological and phytochemical profile of pointed gourd (Trichosanthes dioica Roxb.): A bioactive healthy vegetable of Indian subcontinent
(Elsevier Ltd, 2023) Swati Sharma; Ritika Sinha; Anil K. Singh; Yogendra Meena; Alemwati Pongener; Rohit Sharma; Tusar Kanti Behera; Kalyan Barman
Trichosanthes dioica Roxb. is a widely cultivated cucurbitaceous vegetable of tropical and sub-tropical regions. Its unripe fruits are consumed as vegetable. This review aims to present an umbrella overview of botany, ethnomedicinal uses, nutritional and phytochemical profile of T. dioica and compilation of research confirming many pharmacological and healing properties of its plant parts. Importantly, several reports from India and Bangladesh have confirmed its ethnomedicinal usage in many biomedical conditions. Bioactive compounds like triterpenes, polyphenols present in different parts of T. dioica make it a powerhouse of health, immunity and nutrition. Different parts of T. dioica including root, stem, leaf, fruit and seed exhibit wide range of therapeutic properties including antidiabetic, anti-tumour, antiulcer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiarrheal, antihyperlipidemic, antipyretic, wound healing, laxative, antinociceptive and hepato-protective. Results signified that it may be useful to re-look to find possibilities for using its active metabolites in contemporary medicine and nutraceuticals. © 2023
Metabolomics of early blight (Alternaria solani) susceptible tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) unfolds key biomarker metabolites and involved metabolic pathways
(Nature Research, 2023) Dhananjaya Pratap Singh; Sudarshan Maurya; Suresh Reddy Yerasu; Mansi Singh Bisen; Mohamed A. Farag; Ratna Prabha; Renu Shukla; Krishna Kumar Chaturvedi; Md. Samir Farooqi; Sudhir Srivastava; Anil Rai; Birinchi Kumar Sarma; Nagendra Rai; Tusar Kanti Behera
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is among the most important commercial horticultural crops worldwide. The crop quality and production is largely hampered due to the fungal pathogen Alternaria solani causing necrotrophic foliage early blight disease. Crop plants usually respond to the biotic challenges with altered metabolic composition and physiological perturbations. We have deciphered altered metabolite composition, modulated metabolic pathways and identified metabolite biomarkers in A. solani-challenged susceptible tomato variety Kashi Aman using Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC–MS) based metabolomics. Alteration in the metabolite feature composition of pathogen-challenged (m/z 9405) and non-challenged (m/z 9667) plant leaves including 8487 infection-exclusive and 8742 non-infection exclusive features was observed. Functional annotation revealed putatively annotated metabolites and pathway mapping indicated their enrichment in metabolic pathways, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, ubiquinone and terpenoid-quinones, brassinosteroids, steroids, terpenoids, phenylpropanoids, carotenoids, oxy/sphingolipids and metabolism of biotin and porphyrin. PCA, multivariate PLS-DA and OPLS-DA analysis showed sample discrimination. Significantly up regulated 481 and down regulated 548 metabolite features were identified based on the fold change (threshold ≥ 2.0). OPLS-DA model based on variable importance in projection (VIP scores) and FC threshold (> 2.0) revealed 41 up regulated discriminant metabolite features annotated as sphingosine, fecosterol, melatonin, serotonin, glucose 6-phosphate, zeatin, dihydrozeatin and zeatin-β-d-glucoside. Similarly, 23 down regulated discriminant metabolites included histidinol, 4-aminobutyraldehyde, propanoate, tyramine and linalool. Melatonin and serotonin in the leaves were the two indoleamines being reported for the first time in tomato in response to the early blight pathogen. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC)-based biomarker analysis identified apigenin-7-glucoside, uridine, adenosyl-homocysteine, cGMP, tyrosine, pantothenic acid, riboflavin (as up regulated) and adenosine, homocyctine and azmaline (as down regulated) biomarkers. These results could aid in the development of metabolite-quantitative trait loci (mQTL). Furthermore, stress-induced biosynthetic pathways may be the potential targets for modifications through breeding programs or genetic engineering for improving crop performance in the fields. © 2023, The Author(s).
Metabolomics Unveiled Metabolic Reprogramming in Tomato Due to Beneficial (Bacillus subtilis) and Pathogenic (Alternaria solani) Tripartite Interaction
(Springer, 2025) Dhananjaya Pratap Singh; Sudarshan Maurya; Suresh Reddy Yerasu; Lovkush Satnami; Nagendra Pal Rai; Ratna Prabha; Renu; Birinchi Kumar Sarma; Tusar Kanti Behera
The interaction between beneficial microbes and pathogens in crop plants can lead to complex metabolic reprogramming. Our study employed LC–MS/MS-based untargeted metabolomics approach to elucidate the metabolic changes in tomato plants induced due to the inoculation of plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium Bacillus subtilis (BV4) and the pathogen Alternaria solani. Multivariate analyses (MVA) revealed distinct metabolic signatures associated with BV4 inoculation, pathogen infection, and their combined treatment. We observed that plant’s inoculation with beneficial microbe BV4 induced up-regulation of metabolites involved in constitutive metabolism, like glycolysis, TCA cycle, amino acid metabolism, and lipid metabolism, potentially supporting plant growth. Pathogen infection majorly triggered up-regulation of specialized metabolites, such as phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and oxylipins, suggesting enhanced defense responses. The combined treatment however, exhibited a synergistic effect, with up-regulation of metabolites involved in both constitutive and specialized metabolism, suggesting a primed state for defense responses. Galactose metabolism emerged as the most enriched pathway across all treatments indicating its importance in plant defense through cell wall reinforcement, signaling and antimicrobial specialized metabolite production. ROC-based biomarker analysis putatively identified metabolites, including quercetin, salvigenin, delfinidin-3-O-glucoside, and asparagine, as potential biomarkers for distinguishing various treatment conditions. This study provides insights into the metabolic reprogramming in tomato plants in response to beneficial microbe-pathogen interactions and highlights the potential of untargeted metabolomics in elucidating complex plant-microbe interactions. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.
Metabolomics Unveiled Metabolic Reprogramming in Tomato Due to Beneficial (Bacillus subtilis) and Pathogenic (Alternaria solani) Tripartite Interaction
(Springer, 2024) Dhananjaya Pratap Singh; Sudarshan Maurya; Suresh Reddy Yerasu; Lovkush Satnami; Nagendra Rai; Ratna Prabha; Renu; Birinchi Kumar Sarma; Tusar Kanti Behera
The interaction between beneficial microbes and pathogens in crop plants can lead to complex metabolic reprogramming. Our study employed LC–MS/MS-based untargeted metabolomics approach to elucidate the metabolic changes in tomato plants induced due to the inoculation of plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium Bacillus subtilis (BV4) and the pathogen Alternaria solani. Multivariate analyses (MVA) revealed distinct metabolic signatures associated with BV4 inoculation, pathogen infection, and their combined treatment. We observed that plant’s inoculation with beneficial microbe BV4 induced up-regulation of metabolites involved in constitutive metabolism, like glycolysis, TCA cycle, amino acid metabolism, and lipid metabolism, potentially supporting plant growth. Pathogen infection majorly triggered up-regulation of specialized metabolites, such as phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and oxylipins, suggesting enhanced defense responses. The combined treatment however, exhibited a synergistic effect, with up-regulation of metabolites involved in both constitutive and specialized metabolism, suggesting a primed state for defense responses. Galactose metabolism emerged as the most enriched pathway across all treatments indicating its importance in plant defense through cell wall reinforcement, signaling and antimicrobial specialized metabolite production. ROC-based biomarker analysis putatively identified metabolites, including quercetin, salvigenin, delfinidin-3-O-glucoside, and asparagine, as potential biomarkers for distinguishing various treatment conditions. This study provides insights into the metabolic reprogramming in tomato plants in response to beneficial microbe-pathogen interactions and highlights the potential of untargeted metabolomics in elucidating complex plant-microbe interactions. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.
Metabolomics-Driven Mining of Metabolite Resources: Applications and Prospects for Improving Vegetable Crops
(MDPI, 2022) Dhananjaya Pratap Singh; Mansi Singh Bisen; Renu Shukla; Ratna Prabha; Sudarshan Maurya; Yesaru S. Reddy; Prabhakar Mohan Singh; Nagendra Rai; Tribhuwan Chaubey; Krishna Kumar Chaturvedi; Sudhir Srivastava; Mohammad Samir Farooqi; Vijai Kumar Gupta; Birinchi K. Sarma; Anil Rai; Tusar Kanti Behera
Vegetable crops possess a prominent nutri-metabolite pool that not only contributes to the crop performance in the fields, but also offers nutritional security for humans. In the pursuit of identifying, quantifying and functionally characterizing the cellular metabolome pool, biomolecule separation technologies, data acquisition platforms, chemical libraries, bioinformatics tools, databases and visualization techniques have come to play significant role. High-throughput metabolomics unravels structurally diverse nutrition-rich metabolites and their entangled interactions in vegetable plants. It has helped to link identified phytometabolites with unique phenotypic traits, nutri-functional characters, defense mechanisms and crop productivity. In this study, we explore mining diverse metabolites, localizing cellular metabolic pathways, classifying functional biomolecules and establishing linkages between metabolic fluxes and genomic regulations, using comprehensive metabolomics deciphers of the plant’s performance in the environment. We discuss exemplary reports covering the implications of metabolomics, addressing metabolic changes in vegetable plants during crop domestication, stage-dependent growth, fruit development, nutri-metabolic capabilities, climatic impacts, plant-microbe-pest interactions and anthropogenic activities. Efforts leading to identify biomarker metabolites, candidate proteins and the genes responsible for plant health, defense mechanisms and nutri-rich crop produce are documented. With the insights on metabolite-QTL (mQTL) driven genetic architecture, molecular breeding in vegetable crops can be revolutionized for developing better nutritional capabilities, improved tolerance against diseases/pests and enhanced climate resilience in plants. © 2022 by the authors.
Plant Secondary Metabolites as Defense Tools against Herbivores for Sustainable Crop Protection
(MDPI, 2022) Pratap Adinath Divekar; Srinivasa Narayana; Bhupendra Adinath Divekar; Rajeev Kumar; Basana Gowda Gadratagi; Aishwarya Ray; Achuit Kumar Singh; Vijaya Rani; Vikas Singh; Akhilesh Kumar Singh; Amit Kumar; Rudra Pratap Singh; Radhe Shyam Meena; Tusar Kanti Behera
Plants have evolved several adaptive strategies through physiological changes in response to herbivore attacks. Plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) are synthesized to provide defensive functions and regulate defense signaling pathways to safeguard plants against herbivores. Herbivore injury initiates complex reactions which ultimately lead to synthesis and accumulation of PSMs. The biosynthesis of these metabolites is regulated by the interplay of signaling molecules comprising phytohormones. Plant volatile metabolites are released upon herbivore attack and are capable of directly inducing or priming hormonal defense signaling pathways. Secondary metabolites enable plants to quickly detect herbivore attacks and respond in a timely way in a rapidly changing scenario of pest and environment. Several studies have suggested that the potential for adaptation and/or resistance by insect herbivores to secondary metabolites is limited. These metabolites cause direct toxicity to insect pests, stimulate antixenosis mechanisms in plants to insect herbivores, and, by recruiting herbivore natural enemies, indirectly protect the plants. Herbivores adapt to secondary metabolites by the up/down regulation of sensory genes, and sequestration or detoxification of toxic metabolites. PSMs modulate multi-trophic interactions involving host plants, herbivores, natural enemies and pollinators. Although the role of secondary metabolites in plant-pollinator interplay has been little explored, several reports suggest that both plants and pollinators are mutually benefited. Molecular insights into the regulatory proteins and genes involved in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites will pave the way for the metabolic engineering of biosynthetic pathway intermediates for improving plant tolerance to herbivores. This review throws light on the role of PSMs in modulating multi-trophic interactions, contributing to the knowledge of plant-herbivore interactions to enable their management in an eco-friendly and sustainable manner. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Untargeted Metabolomics of Alternaria solani-Challenged Wild Tomato Species Solanum cheesmaniae Revealed Key Metabolite Biomarkers and Insight into Altered Metabolic Pathways
(MDPI, 2023) Dhananjaya Pratap Singh; Mansi Singh Bisen; Ratna Prabha; Sudarshan Maurya; Suresh Reddy Yerasu; Renu Shukla; Jagesh Kumar Tiwari; Krishna Kumar Chaturvedi; Md. Samir Farooqi; Sudhir Srivastava; Anil Rai; Birinchi Kumar Sarma; Nagendra Rai; Prabhakar Mohan Singh; Tusar Kanti Behera; Mohamed A. Farag
Untargeted metabolomics of moderately resistant wild tomato species Solanum cheesmaniae revealed an altered metabolite profile in plant leaves in response to Alternaria solani pathogen. Leaf metabolites were significantly differentiated in non-stressed versus stressed plants. The samples were discriminated not only by the presence/absence of specific metabolites as distinguished markers of infection, but also on the basis of their relative abundance as important concluding factors. Annotation of metabolite features using the Arabidopsis thaliana (KEGG) database revealed 3371 compounds with KEGG identifiers belonging to biosynthetic pathways including secondary metabolites, cofactors, steroids, brassinosteroids, terpernoids, and fatty acids. Annotation using the Solanum lycopersicum database in PLANTCYC PMN revealed significantly upregulated (541) and downregulated (485) features distributed in metabolite classes that appeared to play a crucial role in defense, infection prevention, signaling, plant growth, and plant homeostasis to survive under stress conditions. The orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), comprising a significant fold change (≥2.0) with VIP score (≥1.0), showed 34 upregulated biomarker metabolites including 5-phosphoribosylamine, kaur-16-en-18-oic acid, pantothenate, and O-acetyl-L-homoserine, along with 41 downregulated biomarkers. Downregulated metabolite biomarkers were mapped with pathways specifically known for plant defense, suggesting their prominent role in pathogen resistance. These results hold promise for identifying key biomarker metabolites that contribute to disease resistive metabolic traits/biosynthetic routes. This approach can assist in mQTL development for the stress breeding program in tomato against pathogen interactions. © 2023 by the authors.