Browsing by Author "Twinkle Chaudhary"

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Bioinoculants development for sustainable agriculture by innovative optimization processes: a future roadmap to commercialization
(Elsevier, 2023) Twinkle Chaudhary; Pratyoosh Shukla
Microbes that are used as bioinoculants help in the improvement of soil and supply nutrients to the host plant. PGPR that act as bioinoculants help in sustaining agricultural yield output and improve nutrient mobilization through a low-cost approach. To enhance crop output, the medium employed by bioinoculants must be optimized. This may be accomplished by employing a variety of strategies ranging from traditional one-factor-at-a-time to current mathematical and different statistical approaches such as genetic algorithm, artificial neural network, and so on. All these approaches have their own advantages and downsides, and despite these shortcomings, specific strategies are used to get the most significant outcomes. The use of numerous optimization approaches in conjunction yields the desired results. This chapter provides an overview of several elements of bioinoculant efficiency, as well as a comparative examination of the benefits and drawbacks of different traditional and new optimization strategies. Overall, this chapter provides a justification for selecting an appropriate optimization approach for media design that will be used during high yield manufacturing. © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Combinatorial genetic engineering approaches in phytoremediation of pollutants
(Elsevier, 2022) Babita Sharma; Twinkle Chaudhary; Pratyoosh Shukla
Phytoremediation is the most widely applied approach for the removal of toxic pollutants. It has achieved great attention due to its environmentally friendly and cost effective nature. Several analytical tools have been developed that provide insight into selecting and optimizing remediation processes mediated by plant species. The limitations associated with the phytoremediation process accomplished through gene editing and transgenic technology. These tools have been successfully applied to manipulate the genetic material of plants for the uptake, transport, and sequestration of pollutants present in the rhizospheric zone. A better understanding of the plant mechanisms of bioremediation will lead to the creation of unique transgenic plants with desired remediation characters. The current chapter explores the various strategies applied by plant cells to stabilize, extract, degrade, or volatilize pollutants. The importance of modern genetic engineering tools is also elaborated toward the betterment of phytoremediation ability. The genetic engineering of metal-binding proteins, chelating agents, and transporters proteins etc. has been discussed here. The critical roles of endophytes associated with plants have also been explained with some good examples. Additionally, the phytoremediation of herbicides, heavy metal ions, and organic compounds has also been discussed with some case studies. © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Deciphering the Potential of Rhizobium pusense MB-17a, a Plant Growth-Promoting Root Endophyte, and Functional Annotation of the Genes Involved in the Metabolic Pathway
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2021) Twinkle Chaudhary; Rajesh Gera; Pratyoosh Shukla
Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are root endophytic bacteria used for growth promotion, and they have broader applications in enhancing specific crop yield as a whole. In the present study, we have explored the potential of Rhizobium pusense MB-17a as an endophytic bacterium isolated from the roots of the mung bean (Vigna radiata) plant. Furthermore, this bacterium was sequenced and assembled to reveal its genomic potential associated with plant growth-promoting traits. Interestingly, the root endophyte R. pusense MB-17a showed all essential PGPR traits which were determined by biochemical and PGPR tests. It was noted that this root endophytic bacterium significantly produced siderophores, indole acetic acid (IAA), ammonia, and ACC deaminase and efficiently solubilized phosphate. The maximum IAA and ammonia produced were observed to be 110.5 and 81 μg/ml, respectively. Moreover, the PGPR potential of this endophytic bacterium was also confirmed by a pot experiment for mung bean (V. radiata), whose results show a substantial increase in the plant's fresh weight by 76.1% and dry weight by 76.5% on the 60th day after inoculation of R. pusense MB-17a. Also, there is a significant enhancement in the nodule number by 66.1% and nodule fresh weight by 162% at 45th day after inoculation with 100% field capacity after the inoculation of R. pusense MB-17a. Besides this, the functional genomic annotation of R. pusense MB-17a determined the presence of different proteins and transporters that are responsible for its stress tolerance and its plant growth-promoting properties. It was concluded that the unique presence of genes like rpoH, otsAB, and clpB enhances the symbiosis process during adverse conditions in this endophyte. Through Rapid Annotation using Subsystem Technology (RAST) analysis, the key genes involved in the production of siderophores, volatile compounds, indoles, nitrogenases, and amino acids were also predicted. In conclusion, the strain described in this study gives a novel idea of using such type of endophytes for improving plant growth-promoting traits under different stress conditions for sustainable agriculture. © Copyright © 2021 Chaudhary, Gera and Shukla.
Emerging Molecular Tools for Engineering Phytomicrobiome
(Springer, 2021) Twinkle Chaudhary; Rajesh Gera; Pratyoosh Shukla
Microbial plant interaction plays a major role in the sustainability of plants. The understanding of phytomicrobiome interactions enables the gene-editing tools for the construction of the microbial consortia. In this interaction, microbes share several common secondary metabolites and terpenoid metabolic pathways with their host plants that ensure a direct connection between the microbiome and associated plant metabolome. In this way, the CRISPR-mediated gene-editing tool provides an attractive approach to accomplish the creation of microbial consortia. On the other hand, the genetic manipulation of the host plant with the help of CRISPR-Cas9 can facilitate the characterization and identification of the genetic determinants. It leads to the enhancement of microbial capacity for more trait improvement. Many plant characteristics like phytovolatilization, phytoextraction, phytodesalination and phytodegradation are targeted by these approaches. Alternatively, chemical communications by PGPB are accomplished by the exchange of different signal molecules. For example, quorum-sensing is the way of the cell to cell communication in bacteria that lead to the detection of metabolites produced by pathogens during adverse conditions and also helpful in devising some tactics towards understanding plant immunity. Along with quorum-sensing, different volatile organic compounds and N-acyl homoserine lactones play a significant role in cell to cell communication by microbe to plant and among the plants respectively. Therefore, it is necessary to get details of all the significant approaches that are useful in exploring cell to cell communications. In this review, we have described gene-editing tools and the cell to cell communication process by quorum-sensing based signaling. These signaling processes via CRISPR- Cas9 mediated gene editing can improve the microbe-plant community in adverse climatic conditions. © 2021, Association of Microbiologists of India.
Low-cost media engineering for phosphate and IAA production by Kosakonia pseudosacchari TCPS-4 using Multi-objective Genetic Algorithm (MOGA) statistical tool
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2021) Twinkle Chaudhary; Dinesh Yadav; Deepak Chhabra; Rajesh Gera; Pratyoosh Shukla
The plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) can improve the biotic or abiotic stress condition by exploiting the productivity and plant growth of the plants under stressful conditions. This study examines the role of a rhizospheric bacterial isolate Kosakonia pseudosacchari TCPS-4 isolated from cluster bean plant (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) under dryland condition. The low-cost media engineering was evaluated, and the phosphate-solubilizing and IAA-producing abilities of Kosakonia pseudosacchari TCPS-4 were improved using a hybrid statistical tool viz. Multi-objective Genetic Algorithm (MOGA). Further, the effect of carbon and nitrogen media constituents and their interactions on IAA production and phosphate solubilization were also confirmed by a single-factor experiment assay. This revealed that MOGA-based model depicted 47.5 mg/L inorganic phosphate as the highest phosphate concentration in media containing 45 g/L carbon source, 12 g/L nitrogen source and 0.20 g/L MgSO4. The highest IAA production was 18.74 mg/L in media containing 45 g/L carbon source, 12 g/L nitrogen source and 0.2 g/L MgSO4. These values were also confirmed and measured by the experiments with phosphate solubilization of 45.71 mg/L and IAA production of 18.71 mg/L with 1012 cfu/mL. This concludes that effective media engineering using these statistical tools can enhance the phosphate and IAA production by each model. A good correlation between measured and predicted values of each model confirms the validity of both responses. The present study gives an insight on media engineering for phosphate and IAA production by Kosakonia pseudosacchari TCPS-4. © 2021, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology.