Browsing by Author "U. Prakash"

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Electrophysiological studies (MNCV and H-RL) in twin babies
(1994) U. Prakash; B.D. Bhatia; M. Kumar; O.P. Singh
Twenty-six fullterm and eight preterm babies born of twin pregnancies were studied. Offsprings were subjected to measurements of weight, crown heel length and head circumference along with motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) and H-reflex latency (H-RL) at right median nerve. The preterm twins had significantly lower MNCV and higher H-RL. The electrophysiological parameters did not vary in first and second born twins as well as in heavier and lighter twins. Three pairs of twins were available for follow-up study.
Electrophysiological studies in children with paralytic poliomyelitis
(1995) U. Prakash; A.K. Sinha; B. Mukherjee; G.P. Katiyar; P.K. Dey
H-reflex latency (H-RL) and H/M ratio were measured in normal children and children with paralytic poliomyelitis of 1-3 years of age. The H-RL was considerably increased in both the involved and uninvolved limbs of the patients, whereas the H/M ratio did not differ. The Mmax value in the involved limb was very low and therefore, a corrected H/M ratio was calculated for that side only. The corrected H/M ratio was significantly less than the H/M ratio observed in the uninvolved and control limbs. The distal motor latency was also increased in the involved side.
Electrophysiological studies in preterm and growth retarded low birth weight babies
(1993) B.D. Bhatia; U. Prakash
Twenty-six fullterm intrauterine growth retgarded (FT-IUGR) and 17 preterm appropriate for gestational age (PT-AGA) babies constituted study subjects. Offsprings were subjected to anthropometry (weight, crown-heel length and head circumference) and motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) as well as H- reflex latency (H-RL) at right median nerve. The PT-AGA babies had significantly lower MNCV and higher H-RL compared to FT-IUGR babies. When intrauterine growth retardation was severe (weight group 1500-1800 g) the means for MNCV and H-RL between FT-IUGR babies and PT-AGA babies of comparable weight were similar. FT-IUGR babies weighing between 1800-2100 g had significantly higher MNCV and lower H-RL compared to FT-IUGR babies weighing < 1800 g. The FT-IUGR babies where all the three anthropometric parameters were retarded (symmetrical intrauterine growth retardation) had significantly lower MNCV and higher H-RL compareed to FT-IUGR babies where weight alone or in combination with crown-heel length was retarded.
H-reflex latency: A maturity criterion for newborn babies
(1997) U. Prakash; B.D. Bhatia
One hundred newborn babies were investigated for H-reflex latency (H- RL) in between 33 to 40 weeks (wk) of post-conceptional age (PCA). Weekly data of both preterms (33 to 36 wk PCA) and fullterms (37 to 40 wk PCA) were compared. A significant reduction in H-RL was noticed at 37 wk PCA when newborns attain their term. The babies could be classified into preterms and fullterms by using their H-RL values.
Morphine hyperthermia in rats: Role of neurochemical substances in the brain
(1981) U. Prakash; P.K. Dey
The central neurochemical mechanism underlying the hyperthermic effect of morphine has been investigated in rats. 200 μg morphine hydrochloride, when administered through cerebroventricular route at different seasonal air temperatures caused a rise in rectal temperature of rats. This hyperthermia was not affected by prior administration of antiserotonergic (pCPA, 5,6-DHT) or anticatecholaminergic (PBZ, 6-OHDA) drugs, as well as by PGE synthetase inhibitor, indomethacin. Similarly, cholinergic muscarinic or nicotine receptor blockers, such as atropine and pentolinium/D-tubocurarine, respectively, were ineffective in modifying it. In contrast, the depletion of acetylcholine in brain induced by pretreating the animals with hemicholinium profoundly delayed the hyperthermia, suggesting a central cholinergic involvement in morphine-induced hyperthermia in rats.
Motor nerve conduction velocity & Hoffman's reflex latency in newborns.
(1993) B.D. Bhatia; U. Prakash; S.K. Gupta; M.N. Singh; K. Satya
A total of 72 newborns and their mothers were studied to assess the influence of various variables on the motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) and Hoffman's reflex latency (H-RL) of the babies with a view to differentiate fullterm and preterm low birth weight babies. MNCV were significantly lower and H-RL significantly higher in preterm appropriate for gestational (PT-AGA) age babies compared to fullterm appropriate for gestational age (FT-AGA) and fullterm intrauterine growth retarded babies (FT-IUGR). In FT-IUGR babies, only MNCV was significantly reduced as compared to FT-AGA babies.
Role of central cholinergic mechanism in morphine-induced hyperthermia in rats
(1980) U. Prakash; P.K. Dey
[No abstract available]
Studies on rectal temperature of rats in relation to seasonal air temperature and morphine administration
(1980) U. Prakash; P.K. Dey
The present findings demonstrate that seasonal air temperature does not only influence the basal core temperature of rats, but also modifies the physiological/pharmacological actions of drugs. Thus, at low ambient temperature, intracerebroventricular or intraperitoneal administration of morphine produces mainly hypothermia followed by a secondary rise in rectal temperature. On the other hand, at high ambient temperature, the drug produces hyperthermia only. The hypothermic response at low ambient temperature is abolished by pretreatment of rats with 6-hydroxydopamine but not with phenoxybenzamine administration. This suggests that the catecholamine pathway in the central nervous system is involved in the morphine induced hypothermic response. Further, the role of cholinergic neurons in this response is also indicated.