Browsing by Author "V. Yeka Zhimo"

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Antagonistic Yeasts for Biocontrol of the Banana Postharvest Anthracnose Pathogen Colletotrichum musae
(Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2017) V. Yeka Zhimo; Darsana Dilip; Jessica Sten; Vikas Kumar Ravat; Dawa Dolma Bhutia; Birendranath Panja; Jayanta Saha
The biocontrol potentials of Candida tropicalis YZ1, C. tropicalis YZ27 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae YZ7 against the postharvest anthracnose pathogen Colletotrichum musae were investigated. Treatments with all the three biocontrol agents (1 × 108 CFU/ml) significantly reduced the natural anthracnose disease severity of harvested banana fruits stored at ambient condition. Germination and survival of C. musae spores were markedly inhibited by all the three yeast strains in in vitro tests. The niche overlap index (NOI) was used to determine the interaction between the antagonists and C. musae, and the results (high NOI values) suggest competitive exclusion of C. musae by the yeast strains. C. tropicalis YZ27 inoculated on banana wounds exhibited rapid colonization and maintenance of its population on the inoculated site. The biocontrol efficacy was also observed as a function of concentration of the antagonist applied. The fruits treated with C. tropicalis YZ27, 36 h before pathogen inoculation, showed the best results with 96.0% disease inhibition followed by those treated 24 h before with 84.0% inhibition. The above results point to competition for nutrients and space as the main mechanism of antagonistic action of C. tropicalis YZ27 against C. musae. © 2016 Blackwell Verlag GmbH
Endophytes and seed priming: agricultural applications and future prospects
(Elsevier, 2020) Ajay Kumar; Samir Droby; James Francis White; Vipin Kumar Singh; Sandeep Kumar Singh; V. Yeka Zhimo; Antonio Biasi
In the current scenario of climate change, numerous strategies have been employed in the area of sustainable agriculture or plant science to generate plants, which can withstand various types of biotic and abiotic stresses. Currently, a range of biotic and abiotic stresses such as cold, draught, salinity, water deficit, or extreme pH is present that directly or indirectly influence the germination, growth, and productivity of crops. Seed priming has been developed as a crucial method to germinate the seed or increase plant resistance against various biotic and abiotic stresses. Seed priming is the induction of a particular physiological state in plants by the treatment of natural and synthetic compounds to seeds before germination. Seed priming with microbial inoculum, termed as “bio-priming,” involves the application of beneficial microbes, such as bacteria, fungi actinomycetes, to seed that enhance the uniformity, establishment, and growth of various crops. Seed bio-priming allows the bacteria to enter/adhere to the seeds and also acclimatization of microbes in the prevalent conditions. Seed priming with the use of endophytic microbial strains appears as more beneficial or stable than rhizospheric microbial strains due to better colonization adaptability and suitability under biotic and abiotic stress conditions. © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Endophytic microbe approaches in bioremediation of organic pollutants
(Elsevier, 2019) Akanksha Gupta; Sandeep Kumar Singh; Vipin Kumar Singh; Manoj Kumar Singh; Arpan Modi; V. Yeka Zhimo; Anand Vikram Singh; Ajay Kumar
Currently, pollution caused by organic contaminants is a global problem and there is an urgent need to explore new green and sustainable methods for the remediation of environmental pollutants. In this aspect, bioremediation technology has been considered as one of the most effective, low cost, and sustainable approach for the management of environmental pollutants of organic origin. From last few decades utilization or inoculation of endophytic microbial strains for the remediation of organic pollutants had been carried out in a regular manner for the management of various contaminants such as pesticides, herbicides, hydrocarbons, polyaromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, petroleum products, oil spill, etc. During the long course of host plant and endophyte relationship at the polluted site, microbial endophytes not only help in mobilization of contaminants but also help in plant growth promotion as well as tolerance development against various biotic and abiotic stresses. The in-depth understanding of plant and endophyte association would help remediate the contaminated sites in an effective manner. © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Impacts of agrochemicals on soil microbiology and food quality
(Elsevier, 2020) Divya Singh; Sandeep Kumar Singh; Arpan Modi; Prashant Kumar Singh; V. Yeka Zhimo; Ajay Kumar
Currently, more than thousands of agrochemicals or pesticides have been applied in agriculture at the different phases of growth at the start of germination to the fruiting stages of crops, vegetables, or fruits. Pesticides applied in agriculture have a different role such as to meet the requirements of nutrients in soils, or to check the growth of phytopathogens, or to control plant diseases. But the continuous application of chemical fertilizers or pesticides in agricultural land severally affect the texture, productivity of both plant and soil, native microflora of the soil, or the surrounding environments. After the application of pesticides on fruits, vegetables, and crops, some extent of these pesticides get deposited on different parts of fruits and crops as chemical resides. The consumption of these pesticide residues shows mutagenic, carcinogenic, cytotoxic, genotoxic, and also a range of health-related issues in human beings. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.