Browsing by Author "V.K. Joshi"

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A study of the effect of Euphorbia dracunculoides Lam. on gastrointestinal motility in rats
(1992) P.V. Sudha; R.L. Khosa; V.K. Joshi; R.K. Sharma
[No abstract available]
Anti-inflammatory activity of Echinops echinatus
(1989) Bupinder Singh; S.S. Gambhir; V.B. Pandey; V.K. Joshi
Anti-inflammatory studies were conducted on an ethanol extract of Echinops echinatus whole plant. The extract effectively inhibited the acute inflammation induced in rats by carrageenan, formaldehyde and adjuvant and the chronic arthritis induced by formaldehyde and adjuvant. The extract was more effective parenterally than orally. The toxicity studies showed reasonable safety warranting further studies. © 1989.
Anti-inflammatory studies on Polygonum glabrum
(1987) Bhupinder Singh; V.B. Pandey; V.K. Joshi; S.S. Gambhir
Anti-inflammatory studies were conducted on a hot water decoction and on an ethanol extract of the stems of Polygonum glabrum. Effective anti-inflammatory activity was demonstrated against acute carrageenan-induced paw oedema, exudate and granuloma formation in the granuloma pouch test, acute and delayed reactions in formaldehyde arthritis, and acute primary and delayed secondary reactions in adjuvant-induced polyarthritis in albino rats. The acute toxicity in albino mice and 1-month studies on subacute toxicity in rats suggested a good margin of safety. The extract was more effective parenterally than by oral administration. © 1987.
Azadirachta indica attenuates colonic mucosal damage in experimental colitis induced by trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid
(2013) M.K. Gautam; Shalini Goel; R.R. Ghatule; A. Singh; V.K. Joshi; R.K. Goel
Azadirachta indica leaves indicated the presence of active principles with proven antioxidants, antiinflammatory, immunomodulatory, free radical scavenging and healing properties. In the present study we evaluated the healing effects of 50% ethanol extract of dried leaves of Azadirachta indica on trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced colitis in rats. Azadirachta indica extract (500 mg/kg) was administered orally, once daily for 14 days and studied for its effects on diarrhoea, food and water intake, body weight changes, colonic damage and inflammation, histology, antibacterial activity and free radicals (nitric oxide and lipid peroxidation), antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, catalase and reduced glutathione) and myeloperoxidase activities in colonic tissue. Intracolonic trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid increased colonic mucosal damage and inflammation, diarrhea, but decreased body weight which were reversed by Azadirachta indica extract and sulfasalazine (positive control) treatments. Azadirachta indica extract showed antibacterial activity. Azadirachta indica extract and sulfasalazine enhanced the antioxidants but decreased free radicals and myeloperoxidase activities affected in trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced colitis. Azadirachta indica extract, thus seemed to be effective in healing trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced colitis in rats.
Content and seasonal variation of alkaloids of Indian Vasaka from Varanasi
(1990) D.N. Sharma; R.L. Khosa; V.K. Joshi
[No abstract available]
Effect of Azadirachta indica leaves extract on acetic acid-induced colitis in rats: Role of antioxidants, free radicals and myeloperoxidase
(2012) R.R. Ghatule; Goel Shalini; M.K. Gautam; A Singh; V.K. Joshi; R.K. Goel
Objective: To evaluate the healing effects of extract of dried leaves of Azadirachta indica (Neem) on acetic acid-induced colitis in rats. Neem tree is known as 'arishtha' in Sanskrit, meaning 'reliever of sicknesses'. Methods: 50% ethanolic extract of Azadirachta indica leaves was administered orally, once daily for 14 days in rats after the induction of colitis with acetic acid and 500 mg/kg dose of extract was found to have an optimal effect against acetic acid-induced colonic damage score, weight and adhesions (Macroscopic). Effect of Azadirachta indica extract was then further studied on various physical (mucous/blood in stool, food and water intake and body weight changes), colonic mucosal damage and inflammation (microscopic), antibacterial and biochemical parameters viz. i) antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, catalase and reduced glutathione) and ii) free radicals (nitric oxide and lipid peroxidation) and myeloperoxidase (acute inflammatory marker) activities in acetic acid-induced colitis. Results: Azadirachta indica extract decreased colonic mucosal damage and inflammation (macroscopic and microscopic), mucous/bloody diarrhea, fecal frequency and increased body weight. Azadirachta indica extract showed intestinal antibacterial activity and enhanced the antioxidants but decreased free radicals and myeloperoxidase activities. Acute toxicity study indicated no mortality or other ANS or CNS related adverse effects even with 5.0 g/kg dose (10 times of effective dose) indicating its safety. Conclusions: Azadirachta indica seemed to be safe and effective in colitis by its predominant effect on promoting antioxidant status and decreasing intestinal bacterial load, free radicals and myeloperoxidase responsible for tissue damage and delayed healing. © 2012 Asian Pacific Tropical Medicine Press.
Effect of methanolic extract of Pongamia pinnata Linn seed on gastro-duodenal ulceration and mucosal offensive and defensive factors in rats
(2008) T. Prabha; M. Dorababu; Shalini Goel; P.K. Agarwal; A. Singh; V.K. Joshi; R.K. Goel
Pongamia pinnata has been advocated in Ayurveda for the treatment of various inflammatory conditions and dyspepsia. The present work includes initial phytochemical screening and study of ulcer protective and healing effects of methanolic extract of seeds of P. pinnata (PPSM) in rats. Phytochemical tests indicated the presence of flavonoids in PPSM. PPSM when administered orally (po) showed dose-dependent (12.5-50 mg/kg for 5 days) ulcer protective effects against gastric ulcer induced by 2 h cold restraint stress. Optimal effective dose of PPSM (25 mg/kg) showed antiulcerogenic activity against acute gastric ulcers (GU) induced by pylorus ligation and aspirin and duodenal ulcer induced by cysteamine but not against ethanol-induced GU. It healed chronic gastric ulcer induced by acetic acid when given for 5 and 10 days. Further, its effects were studied on various parameters of gastric offensive acid-pepsin secretion, lipid peroxidation (LPO) and nitric oxide (NO) and defensive mucosal factors like mucin secretion and mucosal cell shedding, glycoproteins, proliferation and antioxidants; catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) levels. PPSM tended to decrease acid output and increased mucin secretion and mucosal glycoproteins, while it decreased gastric mucosal cell shedding without any effect on cell proliferation. PPSM significantly reversed the increase in gastric mucosal LPO, NO and SOD levels caused by CRS near to the normal level while it tended to increase CAT and GSH level decreased by CRS and ethanol respectively. Thus, the ulcer protective effects of PPSM may be attributed to the presence of flavonoids and the actions may be due to its effects both on mucosal offensive and defensive factors.
Effect of Piper longum Linn, Zingiber officianalis Linn and Ferula species on gastric ulceration and secretion in rats
(2000) A.K. Agrawal; Ch.V. Rao; K. Sairam; V.K. Joshi; R.K. Goel
Use of Dipaniya Mahakasaya, a group consisting of 10 herbal drugs, has been suggested in Charaka Samhita to improve digestion. Out of these 10 plants, three, viz. P. longum (water decoction), Z. officianalis (water decoction) and Ferula species (colloidal solution) were studied for their antiulcer and mechanism of antiulcer effects in rats. All the drugs in the dose of 50 mg/kg, po, 60 min prior to experiment, showed significant protection against gastric ulcers induced by 2 hr cold restraint stress, aspirin (200 mg/kg, 4 hr) and 4 hr pylorus ligation. The antiulcerogenic effect seemed to be due to the augmentation of mucin secretion and decreased cell shedding rather than offensive acid and pepsin secretion which however, were found to be increased by them.
Effect of some Sitavirya drugs on gastric secretion and ulceration
(1997) Bipul De; R.N. Maiti; V.K. Joshi; V.K. Agrawal; R.K. Goel
Four Sitavirya plants viz. Satavari (fresh root juice, 1250 mg/kg), Yastimadhu (water detection of root, 600 mg/kg), Kutaja and Aswattha (Water decoctions of bark; 400 and 500 mg/kg respectively) were studied for their effects on different models of gastroduodenal ulcers in rats, when given orally for 3 days. All of them were found to protect the animals against 2 hr cold restraint stress and pylorus ligation-induced gastric and cysteamine- induced duodenal ulcers. However, they were ineffective against acute aspirin-induced gastric ulcers. The antiulcerogenic effect could be due to their inhibitory effect on offensive acid-pepsin secretion and augmentation of mucosal defensive factors in terms of enhanced mucin secretion and decreased cell shedding.
Experimental studies on Mollugo stricta - A possible antifertility drug
(1992) P. Padma; R.L. Khosa; V.K. Joshi; J.P.N. Chansauria
[No abstract available]
Pharmacognostic evaluation and in-vitro antibacterial activity of Uraria Picta Desv. root
(2012) Shivani Ghildiyal; M.K. Gautam; Mayank Gangwar; G. Nath; R.K. Goel; V.K. Joshi
To explore a detailed pharmacognostic study of the root of Uraria picta Desv. (Family-Papilionaceae), a plant species which is commonly used in preparation of indigenous medicine. The macroscopy, microscopy, quantitative analysis, extractive values in ethno and qualitative phytochemical screening were investigated. Antimicrobial activity was performed by disc diffusion and microdilution method. Root occurs in pieces of varying size, thickness of 1 to 2 cm, gradually tapering, tough, woody and cylindrical. Transverse section of root shows 5 or 6 layers of thin-walled, tabular, regularly arranged cork cells; cork cambium single layered; secondary cortex composed of 4 to 6 layers of oval, tangentially arranged, thin-walled, parenchymatous cells, a few fibers present singly or in groups; secondary phloem composed of sieve elements and parenchyma. Secondary xylem composed of vessels, tracheids, fibers, crystal fibers and parenchyma traversed by xylem rays; vessel very few, mostly confined to inner and outer part of xylem; fibers similar to those of phloem fibers and arranged in close set. The extracts revels the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrate, flavonoids, tritepenoids, proteins, saponins, steroid and tannins. Ethanolic extract of plant posses significant antimicrobial property. The pharmacognostic profile of Uraria picta Desv. root is helpful in sample identification and purity standards.
Pharmacological actions of Pongamia pinnata seeds - A preliminary study
(1996) R.K. Singh; V.K. Joshi; R.K. Goel; S.S. Gambhir; S.B. Achaiya
Direct ethanolic and sequential petroleum ether, chloroform, acetone and ethanolic extracts (50-100 mg/kg, ip) of P. pinnata seeds given 30-60 min before revealed anti-inflammatory, analgesic and anti-ulcerogenic activities in rats. The activities were present maximum in petroleum ether and chloroform extracts. However, the extracts also showed shortening of pentobarbitone induced 'sleep time' in rats.
Qualitative phytochemical and physiochemical analysis of Cassia fistula L. Fruit
(Indian journals, 2014) K. Agrawal; Apurva Joshi; Shivani Ghildiyal; M.K. Gautam; Mayank Gangwar; R.K. Goel; V.K. Joshi
The fruit pulp of Cassia fistula Linn. is known to have purgative properties. A specific process, i.e., keeping well ripe fruits buried within sand for seven days and then drying in sun prior to its medicinal use, has been mentioned in Charaka Samhita. To explore the effect of above classical processing, a comparative physiochemical and phytochemical evaluation of classically processed (PD) and non-processed (NPD) fruit pulp of Cassia fistula has been done together with HPTLC. Results of the study showed presence of alkaloid, glycosides, steroids, triterpenes, phenolic compounds, tannins, proteins, amino acids and carbohydrats in both types of samples. The extractive values of PD and NPD were 18.25 % w/v and 15.65% w/v, respectively. The difference in physiochemical analysis of PD and NPD was also recorded and the HPTLC of PD sample showed an extra peak around Rf 0.76 in comparison to NPD. These results signify appreciable changes in classically processed sample of Cassia fistula fruit pulp and provide scientific evidence for the classical processing. © 2014, IndianJournals.com. All rights reserved.
Studies on antiinflammatory activity of taraxasterol acetate from Echinops echinatus in rats and mice
(1991) Bupinder Sing; S.N. Ram; V.B. Pandey; V.K. Joshi; S.S. Gambhir
Taraxasterol acetate, a triterpenoid found in several plant species, demonstrated antiinflammatory activity in albino rats against carrageenan, formaldehyde and adjuvant induced inflammations in doses between 10 and 100 mg/kg. Quantitative comparison of the activities of the alcoholic extract of Echinops echinatus, and taraxasterol acetate extracted from the former, suggested the presence of one or more minor, but probably more potent, antiinflammatory constitutent(s) in the original plant extract. Copyright © 1991 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Studies on laxative effect of extract of dried fruit pulp of cassia fistula
(Natural Remedies Private Limited, 2012) K. Agrawal; Shivani Ghildiyal; M.K. Gautam; V.K. Joshi; R.K. Goel
Cassia fistula (CF) is known as Aragvadha (disease killer) in Ayurvedic classics and its sun-dried (SD) fruit pulp has been advocated for the treatment of constipation, fever, leprosy, diabetes, intestinal disorders and wounds. Present study includes the evaluation of SD and non-sun dried (NSD) fruit pulp of CF for purgative action in rat and acute toxicity in mouse. Aqueous suspension of SD and NSD were administered orally 60 min before experiment in rats and SD just before toxicity study in mice. Both SD and NSD in the dose of 1.0 g/kg showed an increase in the number of defecations and fecal output during 4 hour after treatment but stool was semisolid with SD and semisolid and watery with NSD. Both SD and NSD treated rats showed increase in the intestinal intraluminal fluid (ILF) accumulation and motility but the accumulation of ILF was less marked in SD group compared to NSD group. The stimulatory effect of SD on ILF accumulation and intestinal motility could be due to its predominant action on NO formation as only L-NAME a NOS inhibitor blocked both ILF accumulation and intestinal motility per se and in SD-treated rats while atropine (anti-cholinergic), loperamide (μ and k receptor inhibitor) and indomethacin (PGs synthesis blocker) partially blocked them. 10 g/kg oral dose (10 times of optimal effective dose) of SD did not show any acute toxic effect in mice. The result confirms the indigenous use of sun-dried fruit pulp of C. fistula in constipation.