Browsing by Author "Vinayak V. Pathak"

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India's renewable energy research and policies to phase down coal: Success after Paris agreement and possibilities post-Glasgow Climate Pact
(Elsevier Ltd, 2023) Kripal Singh; Ram Swaroop Meena; Sandeep Kumar; Shalini Dhyani; Seema Sheoran; Har Mohan Singh; Vinayak V. Pathak; Zaira Khalid; Anita Singh; Kapil Chopra; Somvir Bajar; Faiz Ahmad Ansari; Sanjay Kumar Gupta; Sunita Varjani; Richa Kothari; Vineet Veer Tyagi; Bhaskar Singh; Chaeho Byun
In Paris Climate Agreement (COP 21) in December 2015, India committed to cut its carbon (C) emissions by 30–35% of its GDP (gross domestic product) and attain 40% of installed energy from renewables by 2030. In the Glasgow Climate Pact (COP 26), an agreement developed at COP26 of UNFCCC in November 2021, India committed to enhancing its renewable energy (RE) capacity to 500 GW and installing 50% of its power from renewable resources by 2030. It is projected that this will help India to reduce its C emissions by 1Bt, reduce emission intensity to the economy by 45% by 2030, and meet the goal of C neutral economy by 2070. Realization of these highly ambitious commitments made at COP26 can be determined by the nation's growth in REs after COP21. Therefore, this article reviews the overall development of renewable energies – solar, wind, biomass, hydrogen, and hydro – in India after COP21 by the end of December 2021. This review provides detailed information on various policies and roadmaps for each energy sector commitments. It identifies major technical and social challenges associated with the sustainability of these sectors. This review offers insights into how realistically ambitious plans India has for ‘phasing down’ the use of coal by 2050 and being a carbon-neutral economy by 2070. India achieved massive success through solar energy after COP21 and 80% of future investments are for solar energy. Comparatively, there has been the least investment in other REs such as bioenergy, water, and wind. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd
Prospects for pretreatment methods of lignocellulosic waste biomass for biogas enhancement: opportunities and challenges
(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2018) Shamshad Ahmad; Vinayak V. Pathak; Richa Kothari; Rajeev Pratap Singh
Lignocellulose biomass/lignocellulosic waste biomass (LCB/LCWB) represents the largest renewable pool for potentially fermentable carbohydrates, which provides a good solution for bioenergy production. Although it is assumed to have a lower theoretical yield for biogas than waste material made of sugar or starch, it is free from the problems associated with other generations of biofuels. An inexpensive and efficient pretreatment method of LCB/LCWB is highly desired to achieve an economical biogas production process. This paper reviews the conventional, advanced and infant (i.e. under development) pretreatment methods that have been studied for enhancement of biogas production. In addition to various pretreatment methods, this article also reviews further aspects of the conventional, advanced and infant methods (nanotechnolgy) for pretreatment of LCB/LCWB. Thus, the article provides systematic technological strategies and new pretreatment approaches for sustainable bioprocessing of LCB/LCWB into value-added product. © 2017, © 2017 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.