Browsing by Author "Vipul Kumar Sharma"

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A custom made jig for individual canine retraction
(Scientific Scholar, 2016) Vipul Kumar Sharma; Kirti Yadav; Thakur Prasad Chaturvedi
We face difficulty in individual canine retraction in the bracket system lacking power arms on the canines. When orthodontic force is applied through the center of resistance (CR), then, tooth translation ensues. Forces applied at a distance from the CR create a moment that tends to rotate and tip the tooth. The tendency of tipping is increased in the bracket system lacking power arm, since, force is applied more occlusally. Hence, we have designed a chair side custom made jig to retract the canines individually. © 2016 APOS Trends in Orthodontics Published by Wolters Kluwer-Medknow.
Assessment of gingival biotype in different facial patterns: A cross‑sectional study
(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2023) Vipul Kumar Sharma; Deepak Singh; Roopal Srivastava; T.P. Chaturvedi; Mahesh Khairnar; Akhilesh Kumar Singh
Objective: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the relationship of gingival biotype in different malocclusions. Methods: A total of 157 periodontally healthy subjects (88 males and 69 females) were enrolled in this cross‑sectional study. The study participants were divided into three groups of skeletal class I, class II, and class III. The probe transparency method was used to determine the quality and gingival tissue into thick and thin biotype. Results: There was significant difference in gingival biotype among different skeletal malocclusion with high prevalence of thin gingival biotype in class I subjects and more prevalence of thick biotype in class II and class III individuals (P‑value: 0.022). Pairwise comparison of gingival biotype in class I versus class II showed significant difference (P‑value: 0.032); however in class I versus class III and class II versus class III, the test result was nonsignificant. The overall frequency of thin gingival biotype was significantly less in female subjects with respect to males (P‑value: 0.025). Conclusion: A significant relationship is present between skeletal malocclusion and quality of gingival biotype. The prevalence of thick gingival biotype is found more in females as compared to male individuals. The thin gingival biotype is more commonly seen in skeletal class I than class II and class III. © 2023 National Journal of Maxillofacial Surgery.
Diagnostic accuracy of artificial intelligence in determining extraction protocol in orthodontic patients: A systematic review
(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2025) Sharvari Madhav Mairal; Vipul Kumar Sharma; K. J. Jakshmi; Ulhaas Kashyap; Mahesh R. Khairnar; T. P. Chaturvedi; Ankita Jamdade
OBJECTIVE: To assess the diagnostic accuracy of artificial intelligence-based models in the determination of tooth extraction in orthodontic treatment planning. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in multiple databases (PubMed, LILACS, Web of Science, Scopus, EBSCO, and Google Scholar) up to June, 2024. Studies that met the inclusion criteria based on the PIRD (Participants, Index test, Reference test, Diagnostic) framework were selected. The risk of bias of included studies was assessed using the QUADAS-2 tool, and their methodological quality was evaluated as well using a standardized checklist. RESULTS: Out of 361 retrieved records, eleven studies were included in this review. Nine of these studies achieved a score of over 50% on the AI quality checklist, indicating acceptable methodological quality. However, a comprehensive assessment using the QUADAS-2 tool revealed that all studies had some level of risk of bias, particularly in patient selection, the conduct of AI-based predictions, and the reference standard used. CONCLUSION: Neural networks and classifier models demonstrated the high level of accuracy ranging from 82% to 94% in determining the optimal tooth extraction protocol. However, to ensure reliable predictions, artificial intelligence-based models should be rigorously trained, incorporating a comprehensive range of factors. © 2025 Journal of Orthodontic Science.
Effect of mandibular advancement therapy on inflammatory biomarkers in obstructive sleep apnea: A systematic review
(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2024) Pooja Priyadarshini; Deepak Singh; Vipul Kumar Sharma; T.P. Chaturvedi; Akhilesh Kumar Singh
To review the literature on the effect of mandibular advancement therapy (MAT) on inflammatory biomarkers in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The present systematic review addresses the following focus question: What is the effect of MAT on inflammatory biomarkers in OSA? Electronic and manual literature searches were conducted on databases: PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library for studies published until September 2021 to collect information about the effect of mandibular advancement therapy, a non-continuous positive airway pressure alternative measurement of OSA. A systematic literature review was performed following the PRISMA guidelines to identify studies evaluating the effect of MAT in patients suffering from OSA. Randomized clinical trials were included, and case reports, retrospective studies, literature reviews, in-vitro studies, observational studies, authors' opinions, letters to the editor, and engineering articles were excluded. Fifty-nine articles published before September 2021 were identified. Fifty-four articles met the inclusion criteria. After assessing inclusion criteria, three clinical trials were included with 148 patients suffering from OSA and treated with mandibular advancement therapy. The follow-up period ranged from two to three months, with the average follow-up being 1.66 months. The mean age of the patients was observed to be 53.11 ± 2.65 years. The mean Epworth Sleepiness Scale observed in patients in all three clinical trials was 9.75 ± 0.89. MAT in patients with moderate or severe OSA reduced apnea-hypopnea index but has less effect on inflammatory and metabolic biomarkers. © 2024 National Journal of Maxillofacial Surgery.
Effect of orthodontic retraction force on thick and thin gingival biotypes in different grades of gingival recession and alveolar bone quality: A finite element analysis
(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2023) T.P. Chaturvedi; Deepak Singh; Vipul Kumar Sharma; Pooja Priyadarshani; Shweta Turkiya
INTRODUCTION: To evaluate the effect of orthodontic retraction force on thick and thin gingival biotypes of anterior teeth having grade I and II gingival recession with D1 and D2 alveolar bone densities by assessing the displacement of teeth and deformation in gingival tissue, along with evaluating the amount of equivalent stress on teeth and gingiva in finite element model. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Based on cone-beam computed tomography datasets, eight models (LC01-LC08) of maxilla with appliance assembly were created. A retraction load of 150 gm was applied on each model during the finite element analysis (FEA), and then values of teeth displacement, gingival deformation, and von Mises stress were evaluated. RESULT: All the models with D1 bone density (LC01-04) were showing gingival deformation, whereas models with D2 bone quality (LC05-08) give no significant outcome. The amount of von Mises stress for teeth and gingival tissue in each model was the same for both central and lateral incisors. CONCLUSION: All the models having D1 bone quality showed greater gingival deformation after applying retraction force, whereas in models with D2 bone density, deformation was not significant. Changes in gingival tissue are brought about by orthodontic treatment, which also helps to correct the periodontal defects; however, bone density plays a significant role in improving gingival recession. © 2023 Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications. All rights reserved.
Evaluation of surface-modified orthodontic wires by different concentration and dipping duration of titanium oxide (TiO 2) nanoparticles
(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2023) T.P. Chaturvedi; P. Indumathi; Vipul Kumar Sharma; Ashish Agrawal; Deepak Singh; Chandan Upadhyay
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate in-vitro surface characteristics and frictional properties of orthodontic stainless steel and beta-titanium archwires after surface modification with different concentrations and coating time of titanium oxide (TiO 2) nanoparticles by Sol-gel dip coating method. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The experiment was carried out with 4 different concentrations (1:2, 1:4, 1:6, and 1:8) and three different dipping durations (24 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours) over ten main test groups of SS and TMA archwires with uncoated wires acting as control in both dry and wet conditions. Phase analysis and surface characterization of TiO 2 was analyzed by X-ray Diffractometry, surface evaluation with the help of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and frictional characteristics were evaluated. RESULTS: Among all the concentrations 1:6 ratio with 48 hours of dipping duration showed better surface characteristics. A statistically significant difference in frictional coefficient was observed in both SS and TMA wires than their respective controls (p = 0.001). Intragroup comparison among SS and TMA groups showed that groups with 1:6 ratio and 48 hours dipping duration had least frictional coefficient in both dry and wet conditions (p = 0.001). Intergroup comparison between SS and TMA showed that SS group had significantly reduced friction than TMA (p = 0.001) except in few groups. CONCLUSION: TiO 2 nanoparticle with a concentration ratio of 1:6 and 48 hours dipping duration is recommended for surface modification of orthodontic archwires. © 2023 Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications. All rights reserved.
Evidence in Reaching Consensus in Usage of Mandibular Advancement Device for Pre- and Post-obstructive Sleep Apnea Treatment with Blood and Salivary Inflammatory Biomarkers Profiles
(Springer, 2024) Thakur Prasad Chaturvedi; Pooja Priyadarshani; Vipul Kumar Sharma; Ishita Shrivastava; Deepak Singh; Surendra Pratap Mishra; Navneet Kumar Dubey
Purpose: To date, inconsistencies in biological sample-based biomarkers and processing protocols exist for determining obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), characterized by recurrent upper airway collapse. Hence, in this study, we investigated blood and salivary inflammatory biomarker profiles in pre- and post-MAD treated OSA patients. Methods: We corroborated OSA characteristics in 12 patients through polysomnography, which were treated with customized titratable MAD. Saliva and blood samples were obtained to determine inflammatory and stressed states through salivary α-amylase and cortisol. serum levels of CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α were also measured. Results: Levels of salivary alpha-amylase (12.86 ± 7.81 to 10.73 ± 6.60) p = 0.001 were significantly reduced with no significant difference between cortisol levels in the morning (19.79 ± 15.67 to 21.09 ± 17.97, p = 0.647), afternoon (26.73 ± 38.50 to 22.47 ± 19.36, p = 0.566), and evening (10.51 ± 7.86 to 8.02 ± 6.14, p = 0.054). Additionally, CRP (2.65 ± 0.88 to 2.19 ± 0.60) p = 0.010, IL-6 (3.12 ± 1.92 to 2.61 ± 1.50) p = 0.009, and TNF-α (40.43 ± 98.84 to 38.18 ± 100.82) p = 0.026 were significantly suppressed. Conclusion: MAD exerted anti-inflammatory, anti-stress & depression-exerting impacts in OSA patients, possibly via hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis. In our opinion, MAD is an economical alternative compared to positive airway pressure (PAP) in mild-moderate OSA, while in severe cases, a synergistic approach of MAD and PAP may be considered. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.
Orthodontic-surgical management of severe skeletal class iii malocclusion: A case report
(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2023) Rojalin Sahoo; Vipul Kumar Sharma; Sneha Singh; Neeraj Kumar Dhiman
Skeletal Class III malocclusion possess a difficult challenge to treat for clinicians. They are multifactorial and include genetic and environmental factors. Early intervention of Class III needs orthopedic correction, whereas, in adults, orthodontic camouflage can be done to treat mild cases while severe skeletal discrepancies demand orthognathic surgery along with orthodontic therapy. In this case report, a case of mandibular prognathism with Bilateral Sagittal Split Osteotomy (BSSO) setback was presented. © 2023 National Journal of Maxillofacial Surgery.
Treatment of maxillary lateral incisor-canine pseudotransposition: A case report
(IP Innovative Publication Pvt. Ltd., 2022) T.P. Chaturevdi; Vipul Kumar Sharma; Alka Singh
The term transposition is used to refer to an interchange in the position of 2 adjacent teeth within the same quadrant of the dental arch.In complete transposition, both the crowns and the entire root structures of the involved teeth are found parallel in their transposed positions. In incomplete transposition (also called “pseudo” or “partial” transposition) the crowns may be transposed while the root apices remain in their normal positions. Unilateral transposition has been reported more often than bilateral transposition, with the left side being somewhat more frequently involved than the right side. The only dental anomaly that has an apparent association with maxillary canine-lateral incisor transposition is increased third molar agenesis.Treatment of maxillary canine-lateral incisor transposition depends on many factors like the condition of the root of central incisors, shape of lateral incisors, need of extraction because of either severe crowding or profile improvement, etc. Here, we are going to present the management of a rare case report of maxillary right lateral incisor-canine pseudotransposition with minimum available space and agenesis of mandibular third molars. © 2022 Innovative Publication, All rights reserved.
Variables to predict spontaneous eruption of palatally displaced permanent canine after interceptive extraction of primary canine: A systematic review and meta-analysis
(Elsevier Masson s.r.l., 2021) Vipul Kumar Sharma; Neeteesh Kumar Shukla; Thakur P. Chaturvedi; Sneha Singh
Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of different diagnostic variables measured on panoramic radiographs (PAN) to predict spontaneous eruption of palatally displaced canine (PDC) after interceptive extraction in late mixed dentition. Materials and Methods: Digital databases (MEDLINE, CENTRAL (Cochrane), Scopus, clinicaltrials.gov, ISRCTN registry) and hand searches were performed up to March 2020. Both randomized and non-randomized controlled trials were considered for the review. Study selection, data extraction, risk of bias assessment (RoB2.0 and ROBINS-I), and the certainty of evidence evaluation (GRADE) were performed according to Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. The random-effects method for quantitative synthesis of dichotomous as well as continuous data was used. Results: Out of 767 retrieved records, 4 controlled trials fulfilled the eligibility criteria and were included in the review. Studies were assessed at low risk of bias except one. Overall certainty was strong to moderate. PDCs in distal sectors (RR: 1.621; 95%CI: 1.259 to 2.086; P < 0.001) and alpha-angle < 30° (SMD: −1.350; 95%CI: 1.924 to −0.776; P < 0.001) were significantly benefited from interceptive extraction. However, Vertical distance of PDC cusp tip from occlusal plane had statistically insignificant (p: 0.855) roll on eruption prediction. Conclusion: Interceptive extraction at a younger age, initial horizontal localization (sector position), and alpha-angle (initial mesial inclination) are the most important variables predicting the spontaneous eruption of palatally displaced canines. Findings of this review can be utilized to make evidence-based decisions for managing PDCs with diverse sectors and mesial inclinations. However, well-designed clinical trials are recommended to strengthen the evidence. © 2020 CEO