Browsing by Author "Vishal Kumar Soni"

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2

Immunomodulatory constituents from annona squamosa twigs provoke differential immune response in BALB/c mice
(2013) Vishal Kumar Soni; Manisha Pathak; Dinesh Kumar Yadav; Rakesh Maurya; Mahendra Sahai; Swatantra Kumar Jain; Shailja Misra-Bhattacharya
Annona squamosa (AS) has traditionally been used as ethnomedicine and various parts of the plant have been used to combat several disorders including dysentery, cancer and hyperthyroidism. Since the twig of this plant is reported to contain a large number of alkaloids, we chose to study its medicinal properties on the immune response of BALB/c mice. The present study, thus, aims at evaluation of immunomodulatory activity in the crude ethanolic extract and its four fractions, viz. hexane (F1), chloroform (F2), n-butanol (F3) and aqueous (F4) prepared from the twigs of AS to locate the active constituents in the fractions. The extract and fractions were fed orally at 3, 10 and 30 mg/kg for 14 consecutive days and mice were euthanized to assess various immune parameters. The ethanolic extract and its three fractions F2, F3 and F4 were found active since they increased splenic T and B cellular proliferation with a significant accentuation in peritoneal macrophage function, differentially increased the CD4+, CD8+ T lymphocytes and CD19+ B lymphocytes. The extract and its active fractions also demonstrated significant Th1 or Th2 mixed cytokine response at almost all doses tried in a dose-dependent manner. Its hexane fraction, however, could only induce reactive oxygen species production in peritoneal macrophages and could not induce lymphocytes; thus, it remained inactive. Thus, the activity could be localized distributed in its three fractions (chloroform, n-butanol and aqueous). Further purification and evaluation of the active molecule/s is underway in our laboratory.
N-methyl-6, 7-dimethoxyisoquinolone in Annona squamosa twigs is the major immune modifier to elicit polarized Th1 immune response in BALB/c mice
(2012) Vishal Kumar Soni; Dinesh Kumar Yadav; Nasreen Bano; Preety Dixit; Manisha Pathak; Rakesh Maurya; Mahendra Sahai; Swatantra Kumar Jain; Shailja Misra-Bhattacharya
Annona squamosa (AS) has traditionally been used as ethnomedicine. We have earlier extracted and fractionated the twigs of AS based upon its bioactivity and observed its immune potentiating activity that was localized in its three fractions. Present communication deals with the phytochemical analysis and pharmacological investigation of the most active chloroform fraction that led to isolation and identification of a number of compounds whose structures were elucidated using 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic analysis. Amongst the twelve pure compounds isolated, five compounds Lanuginosine (1), (+) -O- methylarmepavine (2), (+)-anomuricine (3), Isocorydine (4), and N-methyl-6, 7- dimethoxyisoquinolone (5) were evaluated in vivo for their immune modifier activities in BALB/c mice after oral administration at three log doses of 0.3, 1.0 and 3.0 mg/kg for 14 consecutive days. Of these, three compounds (1, 2 and 5) showed dose dependent immune stimulating activity. However, the uppermost activity was noted in the compound N-methyl-6, 7-dimethoxyisoquinolone at the 3.0 mg/kg oral dose. The activity was assessed in the form of increased splenic T and B cellular proliferation, up-regulated CD4+, CD8+ and CD19+ cell population and accentuation in the peritoneal macrophage function. The compound possibly acted modifying the expression of Th1- and Th2- cytokines via stimulation of pro-inflammatory Th1 cytokines IL-2 and IFN-γ. These results warrant the use of the above compounds as an efficient immune-stimulant or immune-adjuvant against diseases with immune suppression. The analogs of the compound may further be chemically synthesized to achieve desired immune modifying activity. Crown Copyright © 2011 Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.