Browsing by Author "Vishnu Priya"

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Bimetallic Au–Ag Nanoparticles: Advanced Nanotechnology for Tackling Antimicrobial Resistance
(MDPI, 2022) Chandrashekhar Singh; Abhishesh Kumar Mehata; Vishnu Priya; Ankit Kumar Malik; Aseem Setia; M. Nikitha Lakshmi Suseela; M. Nikitha Lakshmi Vikas; Patharaj Gokul; Patharaj Samridhi; Sanjeev K. Singh; Madaswamy S. Muthu
To date, there are no antimicrobial agents available in the market that have absolute control over the growing threat of bacterial strains. The increase in the production capacity of antibiotics and the growing antibacterial resistance of bacteria have majorly affected a variety of businesses and public health. Bimetallic nanoparticles (NPs) with two separate metals have been found to have stronger antibacterial potential than their monometallic versions. This enhanced antibacterial efficiency of bimetallic nanoparticles is due to the synergistic effect of their participating monometallic counterparts. To distinguish between bacteria and mammals, the existence of diverse metal transport systems and metalloproteins is necessary for the use of bimetallic Au–Ag NPs, just like any other metal NPs. Due to their very low toxicity toward human cells, these bimetallic NPs, particularly gold–silver NPs, might prove to be an effective weapon in the arsenal to beat emerging drug-resistant bacteria. The cellular mechanism of bimetallic nanoparticles for antibacterial activity consists of cell membrane degradation, disturbance in homeostasis, oxidative stress, and the production of reactive oxygen species. The synthesis of bimetallic nanoparticles can be performed by a bottom-up and top-down strategy. The bottom-up technique generally includes sol-gel, chemical vapor deposition, green synthesis, and co-precipitation methods, whereas the top-down technique includes the laser ablation method. This review highlights the key prospects of the cellular mechanism, synthesis process, and antibacterial capabilities against a wide range of bacteria. Additionally, we also discussed the role of Au–Ag NPs in the treatment of multidrug-resistant bacterial infection and wound healing. © 2022 by the authors.
Current Advances in Nanotheranostics for Molecular Imaging and Therapy of Cardiovascular Disorders
(American Chemical Society, 2023) Aseem Setia; Abhishesh Kumar Mehata; Vishnu Priya; Datta Maroti Pawde; Dharmendra Jain; Sanjeev Kumar Mahto; Madaswamy S. Muthu
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) refer to a collection of conditions characterized by abnormalities in the cardiovascular system. They are a global problem and one of the leading causes of mortality and disability. Nanotheranostics implies to the combination of diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities inside a single nanoscale platform that has allowed for significant advancement in cardiovascular diagnosis and therapy. These advancements are being developed to improve imaging capabilities, introduce personalized therapies, and boost cardiovascular disease patient treatment outcomes. Significant progress has been achieved in the integration of imaging and therapeutic capabilities within nanocarriers. In the case of cardiovascular disease, nanoparticles provide targeted delivery of therapeutics, genetic material, photothermal, and imaging agents. Directing and monitoring the movement of these therapeutic nanoparticles may be done with pinpoint accuracy by using imaging modalities such as cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR), computed tomography (CT), positron emission tomography (PET), photoacoustic/ultrasound, and fluorescence imaging. Recently, there has been an increasing demand of noninvasive for multimodal nanotheranostic platforms. In these platforms, various imaging technologies such as optical and magnetic resonance are integrated into a single nanoparticle. This platform helps in acquiring more accurate descriptions of cardiovascular diseases and provides clues for accurate diagnosis. Advances in surface functionalization methods have strengthened the potential application of nanotheranostics in cardiovascular diagnosis and therapy. In this Review, we have covered the potential impact of nanomedicine on CVDs. Additionally, we have discussed the recently developed various nanoparticles for CVDs imaging. Moreover, advancements in the CMR, CT, PET, ultrasound, and photoacoustic imaging for the CVDs have been discussed. We have limited our discussion to nanomaterials based clinical trials for CVDs and their patents. © 2023 American Chemical Society.
Development of decadal (1985-1995-2005) land use and land cover database for India
(MDPI AG, 2015) Parth S. Roy; Arijit Roy; Pawan K. Joshi; Manish P. Kale; Vijay K. Srivastava; Sushil K. Srivastava; Ravi S. Dwevidi; Chitiz Joshi; Mukunda D. Behera; Prasanth Meiyappan; Yeshu Sharma; Atul K. Jain; Jamuna S. Singh; Yajnaseni Palchowdhuri; Reshma. M. Ramachandran; Bhavani Pinjarla; V. Chakravarthi; Nani Babu; Mahalakshmi S. Gowsalya; Praveen Thiruvengadam; Mrinalni Kotteeswaran; Vishnu Priya; Krishna Murthy V.N. Yelishetty; Sandeep Maithani; Gautam Talukdar; Indranil Mondal; Krishnan S. Rajan; Prasad S. Narendra; Sushmita Biswal; Anusheema Chakraborty; Hitendra Padalia; Manoj Chavan; Satish N. Pardeshi; Swapnil A. Chaudhari; Arur Anand; Anjana Vyas; Mruthyunjaya K. Reddy; M. Ramalingam; R. Manonmani; Pritiranjan Behera; Pulakesh Das; Poonam Tripathi; Shafique Matin; Mohammed L. Khan; Om P. Tripathi; Jyotihman Deka; Prasanna Kumar; Deepak Kushwaha
India has experienced significant Land-Use and Land-Cover Change (LULCC) over the past few decades. In this context, careful observation and mapping of LULCC using satellite data of high to medium spatial resolution is crucial for understanding the long-term usage patterns of natural resources and facilitating sustainable management to plan, monitor and evaluate development. The present study utilizes the satellite images to generate national level LULC maps at decadal intervals for 1985, 1995 and 2005 using onscreen visual interpretation techniques with minimum mapping unit of 2.5 hectares. These maps follow the classification scheme of the International Geosphere Biosphere Programme (IGBP) to ensure compatibility with other global/regional LULC datasets for comparison and integration. Our LULC maps with more than 90% overall accuracy highlight the changes prominent at regional level, i.e., loss of forest cover in central and northeast India, increase of cropland area in Western India, growth of peri-urban area, and relative increase in plantations. We also found spatial correlation between the cropping area and precipitation, which in turn confirms the monsoon dependent agriculture system in the country. On comparison with the existing global LULC products (GlobCover and MODIS), it can be concluded that our dataset has captured the maximum cumulative patch diversity frequency indicating the detailed representation that can be attributed to the on-screen visual interpretation technique. Comparisons with global LULC products (GlobCover and MODIS) show that our dataset captures maximum landscape diversity, which is partly attributable to the on-screen visual interpretation techniques. We advocate the utility of this database for national and regional studies on land dynamics and climate change research. The database would be updated to 2015 as a continuing effort of this study. © 2015 by the authors.
Efficient delivery of abciximab using mesoporous silica nanoparticles: In-vitro assessment for targeted and improved antithrombotic activity
(Elsevier B.V., 2022) Vishnu Priya; Vikas; Abhishesh Kumar Mehata; Dharmendra Jain; Sanjeev K. Singh; Madaswamy S. Muthu
Abciximab (ABX) is a chimeric monoclonal antibody reported for antithrombotic activity but their delivery remains challenging due to its poor stability in a biological system. The purpose of this research was to deliver ABX on the target efficiently using mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN). ABX coated mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN-ABX) were formulated and analyzed for particle size, shape, zeta-potential, surface morphology and surface chemistry. XPS analysis confirmed the presence of ABX on the surface of amino functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN-NH2). The degree of ABX attachment was 67.53 ± 5.81 % which was demonstrated by the Bradford assay. Furthermore, the targeting efficiency of the targeted nanoparticles has been evaluated by capturing the fluorescent images in-vitro which showed the significant accumulation of the ABX coated nanoparticles towards activated platelets. The significant (P < 0.05) increase in affinity of DiD dye loaded nanoparticles towards the activated platelets was confirmed by using an in-vitro imaging through photon imager optima. The hemolysis study of the nanoparticle formulations revealed that they were non-hemolytic for healthy human blood. The in-vitro antithrombotic effects of MSN-ABX were observed by blood clot assay which revealed its superior antithrombotic activity over clinical injection of ABX and could be a promising carrier for improved ABX targeted delivery. © 2022 Elsevier B.V.
Formulation and in vitro evaluation of upconversion nanoparticle-loaded liposomes for brain cancer
(Newlands Press Ltd, 2020) Narendra; Abhishesh Kumar Mehata; Matte Kasi Viswanadh; Roshan Sonkar; Datta Maroti Pawde; Vishnu Priya; Mamata Singh; Biplob Koch; Madaswamy S Muthu
Aim: This work focused on the development of transferrin-conjugated theranostic liposomes consisting of docetaxel (DXL) and upconversion nanoparticles for the diagnosis and treatment of gliomas. Materials & methods: Upconversion nanoparticles and docetaxel-loaded theranostic liposomes were prepared by a solvent injection method. Formulations were analyzed for physicochemical properties, encapsulation efficiency, drug release, elemental analysis, cytotoxicity and fluorescence. Results: The particle size was around 200 nm with spherical morphology and an encapsulation efficiency of up to 75.93%, was achieved for liposomes with an in vitro drug release of 71.10%. The IC50 values demonstrated enhanced cytotoxicity on C6 glioma cells with targeted liposomes in comparison with nontargeted liposomes. Conclusion: Prepared theranostic liposomes may be promising for clinical validation after an in vitro and in vivo evaluation on cell lines and animals, respectively. © 2020 Future Medicine Ltd.. All rights reserved.
GPIIb/IIIa Receptor Targeted Rutin Loaded Liposomes for Site-Specific Antithrombotic Effect
(American Chemical Society, 2023) Vishnu Priya; Sanjeev K. Singh; Ravindran Revand; Sandip Kumar; Abhishesh Kumar Mehata; Paulraj Sushmitha; Sanjeev Kumar Mahto; Madaswamy S. Muthu
Rutin (RUT) is a flavonoid obtained from a natural source and is reported for antithrombotic potential, but its delivery remains challenging because of its poor solubility and bioavailability. In this research, we have fabricated novel rutin loaded liposomes (RUT-LIPO, nontargeted), liposomes conjugated with RGD peptide (RGD-RUT-LIPO, targeted), and abciximab (ABX-RUT-LIPO, targeted) by ethanol injection method. The particle size, ζ potential, and morphology of prepared liposomes were analyzed by using DLS, SEM, and TEM techniques. The conjugation of targeting moiety on the surface of targeted liposomes was confirmed by XPS analysis and Bradford assay. In vitro assessment such as blood clot assay, aPTT assay, PT assay, and platelet aggregation analysis was performed using human blood which showed the superior antithrombotic potential of ABX-RUT-LIPO and RGD-RUT-LIPO liposomes. The clot targeting efficiency was evaluated by in vitro imaging and confocal laser scanning microscopy. A significant (P < 0.05) rise in the affinity of targeted liposomes toward activated platelets was demonstrated that revealed their remarkable potential in inhibiting thrombus formation. Furthermore, an in vivo study executed on Sprague Dawley rats (FeCl3model) demonstrated improved antithrombotic activity of RGD-RUT-LIPO and ABX-RUT-LIPO compared with pure drug. The pharmacokinetic study performed on rats demonstrates the increase in bioavailability when administered as liposomal formulation as compared to RUT. Moreover, the tail bleeding assay and clotting time study (Swiss Albino mice) indicated a better antithrombotic efficacy of targeted liposomes than control preparations. Additionally, biocompatibility of liposomal formulations was determined by an in vitro hemolysis study and cytotoxicity assay, which showed that they were hemocompatible and safe for human use. A histopathology study on rats suggested no severe toxicity of prepared liposomal formulations. Thus, RUT encapsulated nontargeted and targeted liposomes exhibited superior antithrombotic potential over RUT and could be used as a promising carrier for future use. © 2023 American Chemical Society. All rights reserved.
Luliconazole Nail Lacquer for the Treatment of Onychomycosis: Formulation, Characterization and In Vitro and Ex Vivo Evaluation
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2022) Deepa Dehari; Abhishesh Kumar Mehata; Vishnu Priya; Dharmnath Parbat; Deepak Kumar; Anand Kumar Srivastava; Sanjay Singh; Ashish Kumar Agrawal
Onychomycosis is the most common fungal infection of the nail affecting the skin under the fingertips and the toes. Currently, available therapy for onychomycosis includes oral and topical therapies, either alone or in combination. Oral antifungal medication has been associated with poor drug bioavailability and potential gastrointestinal and systemic side effects. The objective of this study was to prepare and evaluate the luliconazole nail lacquer (LCZ-NL) for the effective treatment of onychomycosis. In the current work, LCZ-NL was formulated in combination with penetration enhancers to overcome poor penetration. A 32 full factorial formulation design of experiment (DOE) was applied for optimization of batches with consideration of dependent (drying time, viscosity, and rate of drug diffusion) and independent (solvent ratio and film former ratio) variables. The optimized formulation was selected based on drying time, viscosity, and rate of drug diffusion. The optimized formulation was further evaluated for % non-volatile content assay, smoothness of flow, water resistance, drug content, scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), in vitro drug release, ex vivo transungual permeation, antifungal efficacy, and stability study. The optimized LCZ-NL contained 70:30 solvent ratio and 1:1 film former ratio and was found to have ~ 1.79-fold higher rate of drug diffusion in comparison with LULY™. DSC and XRD studies confirmed that luliconazole retains its crystalline property in the prepared formulation. Antifungal study against Trichophyton spp. showed that LCZ-NL has comparatively higher growth inhibition than LULY™. Hence, developed LCZ-NL can be a promising topical drug delivery system for treating onychomycosis. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists.
Nattokinase Encapsulated Nanomedicine for Targeted Thrombolysis: Development, Improved in Vivo Thrombolytic Effects, and Ultrasound/Photoacoustic Imaging
(American Chemical Society, 2024) Vishnu Priya; None Samridhi; Nitesh Singh; Debabrata Dash; Madaswamy S. Muthu
Nattokinase (NK), a potent thrombolytic enzyme that dissolves blood clots, is highly used in the treatment of cardiovascular disorders. However, its effective delivery remains demanding because of stability and bioavailability problems owing to its high molecular weight and proteineous nature. In this research, we have developed novel NK-loaded nontargeted liposomes (NK-LS) and targeted liposomes (RGD-NK-LS and AM-NK-LS) by the reverse phase evaporation method. The physiochemical characterizations (particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, and morphology) were performed by a Zetasizer, SEM, TEM, and AFM. The Bradford assay and XPS analysis confirmed the successful surface conjugation of the targeting ligands. Platelet interaction studies by CLSM, photon imager optima, and flow cytometry showed significantly higher (P < 0.05) platelet binding affinity of targeted liposomes. In vitro evaluations were performed using human blood and a fibrinolysis study by CLSM imaging demonstrating the potent antithrombotic efficacy of AM-NK-LS. Furthermore, bleeding and clotting time studies revealed that the targeted liposomes were free from any bleeding complications. Moreover, the in vivo FeCl3 model on Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats using a Doppler flow meter and ultrasound/photoacoustic imaging indicated the increased % thrombolysis and potent affinity of targeted liposomes toward the thrombus site. Additionally, in vitro hemocompatibility and histopathology studies demonstrated the safety and biocompatibility of the nanoformulations. © 2023 American Chemical Society.
Targeted nanotherapeutics in the prophylaxis and treatment of thrombosis
(Future Medicine Ltd., 2021) Vishnu Priya; Matte Kasi Viswanadh; Abhishesh Kumar Mehata; Dharmendra Jain; Sanjeev K. Singh; Madaswamy S. Muthu
Currently available anti-thrombotic therapy for the prophylaxis and treatment of arterial and venous thrombosis includes intravenous administration of anti-thrombotic drugs which lead to severe bleeding risks such as cerebral hemorrhage and stroke. Targeting approaches that utilize nanosystems to reach the thrombus sites are emerging to increase the local effect of anti-thrombotic drugs, as well as to decrease these severe bleeding complications by diminishing the systemic availability of these drugs. This review emphasizes the emerging targeted nanomedicines (liposomes, micelles, polymeric nanoparticles, material bases nanoparticles and other biological vectors) for the prophylaxis and treatment of thrombotic events as well as multifunctional nanomedicines for theranostic applications. Nanomedicine offers a promising platform for a smart, safe, and effective approach for the management of thrombosis. © 2021 Future Medicine Ltd. © 2021 Future Medicine Ltd.. All rights reserved.