Browsing by Author "Yamini B. Tripathi"

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Amelioration of cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity by PTY: A herbal preparation
(2010) Santosh Nagwani; Yamini B. Tripathi
Cisplatin, a chosen drug for cancer treatment, is associated with severe nephrotoxicity, that limits its clinical use. Cisplatin involves enhanced oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and death of tubular cells. Nephroprotective role of PTY, prepared from methanolic extract of tubers of Pueraria tuberosa D.C., has been studied. PTY was orally given to rats in different doses for seven consecutive days, along with cisplatin (8. mg/kg. B.W., i.p.) on 4th day. PTY significantly prevented the rise in serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen. It prevented the decline in glutathione content, activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase and also prevented DNA damage, tubular swelling, cellular necrosis and protein cast deposition as compared to experimental control group in kidney. These changes were restored to near normal levels by PTY in dose of 40. mg/100. g. B.W. Thus, it is proposed that the PTY possesses dose-dependent protective effect against cisplatin induced kidney damages, primarily through its free radical scavenging property. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd.
An extract of Pueraria tuberosa tubers attenuates diabetic nephropathy by upregulating matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression in the kidney of diabetic rats
(John Wiley and Sons Inc., 2017) Yamini B. Tripathi; Rashmi Shukla; Nidhi Pandey; Vivek Pandey; Mohan Kumar
Background: Currently, no drug is available to directly target the signaling molecules involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN); only antihypertensive and antidiabetic drugs are in clinical use. In the present study, the therapeutic effects of a active fraction of tubers from Pueraria tuberosa (hereafter referred to as PTY-2) were investigated in streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats with DN, with particular emphasis on its effects on extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation and matrix metalloproteinase (Mmp)-9 expression in kidney tissue. Methods: Rats were injected with 55 mg/kg, i.p., STZ. After 40 days, rats were divided into groups as follows (n = 6 per group): Group 1, age-matched rats not injected with STZ (non-diabetic control); Group 2, STZ-diabetic DN rats; and Group 3, PTY-2 (30 mg/100 g, p.o.)-treated DN rats. After 20 days treatment, the effects of PTY-2 on serum urea and creatinine concentrations, urinary levels of glucose, creatinine, protein, and ketone bodies, and urine pH were determined. Kidney tissue was evaluated for Mmp-9 expression and histological changes. Results: Blood glucose, serum urea, creatinine, and urine protein levels were significantly higher, and creatinine clearance was significantly lower, in Group 2 versus Group 1 rats. There was a higher degree of glomerulosclerosis, expansion of the mesangial matrix, and excess ECM deposition and eosinophilic casts in kidneys from Group 2 versus Group 1 rats. Furthermore, Mmp-9 activity and expression were significantly reduced in kidney homogenate of Group 2 versus Group 1 rats. Interestingly, PTY-2 treatment significantly reversed all these changes in DN rats. Conclusion: Treatment of DN rats with PTY-2 significantly attenuated the severity of DN by increasing the expression and activity of Mmp-9, consequently degrading the ECM accumulated in kidney tissue. © 2016 Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd
Anti-inflammatory properties of BHUx, a polyherbal formulation to prevent atherosclerosis
(2004) Yamini B. Tripathi; M. Mallikarjuna Reddy; R.S. Pandey; J. Subhashini; O.P. Tiwari; B.K. Singh; P. Reddanna
BHUx is a polyherbal formulation consisting of water-soluble fractions of five medicinal plants (Commiphora mukul, Terminalia arjuna, Boswellia serrata, Semecarpus anacardium and Strychnos nux vomica). The present study was undertaken to evaluate its antioxidant and antiinflammatory effects. BHUx, standardized by HPLC fingerprinting and filtered through 0.2 μm filter paper, was employed for different studies under in vivo and in vitro conditions. Under in vivo conditions, BHUx significantly reduced inflammation in the carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema model of inflammation, suggesting its anti-inflammatory properties. In order to test the mechanism of action of BHUx, further in vitro studies were undertaken on cumene-hydroperoxide-induced lipid peroxidation (CHP) in liver homogenate, LPS-induced NO production in peritoneal macrophages and on key enzymes of arachidonic acid cascade, involved in the mediation of inflammation. Under the conditions, BHUx showed concentration-dependent inhibition of CHP-induced lipid peroxidation in liver homogenate, suggesting its antioxidant properties. Similarly the potent anti-inflammatory effects of BHUx are evident by (a) preferential inhibition of COX-2 (IC50 for COX-2 = 80 μg/ml and IC50 for COX-1 = 169 μg/ml), (b) low ratios in the IC50 values of COX-2/COX-1 (0.47), (c) decreased production of NO in LPS-induced peritoneal macrophages and (d) inhibition of 5-LOX (IC50 = 795 μg/ml). BHUx also showed a preference for inhibiting 15-lipoxygenase (IC50 = 44 μg/ml), a key enzyme implicated in LDL oxidation. These studies suggest that BHUx is acting mainly at three levels, i.e., as a potent natural antioxidant, by reduction of key inflammatory mediators of arachidonic acid cascade and by preventing 15-LOX-mediated LDL oxidations, to prevent atherosclerosis.
Antilipid peroxidative property of shilajit
(1996) Yamini B. Tripathi; Savita Shukla; Savita Chaurasia; Shashikant Chaturvedi
We have investigated the effect of shilajit on lipid peroxidation and glutathione content in rat liver homogenate. It inhibited lipid peroxidation induced by cumene hydroperoxide and ADP/Fe++ complex in a dose dependent manner. It also reduced the rate of oxidation of reduced glutathione content and inhibited ongoing lipid peroxidation, induced by these agents immediately after its addition to the incubation system.
Antioxidant activity of tuberosin isolated from Pueraria tuberose Linn
(2010) Nidhi Pandey; Yamini B. Tripathi
Antioxidant activity of Pueraria tuberose DC, (PT) Leguminosae (Fabaceae) has already been reported by us and here an active compound has been isolated and its action on expression of iNOS protein has been explored by using LPS induced changes in attached rat peritoneal macrophage cell culture. The pure compound was isolated by column chromatography and its structure was characterized by spectral studies, which was identified as tuberosin (5 hydroxy 3,4,7,3',4' pentamethoxy flavone). Its antioxidant capacity was determined and compared with alcoholic extract as EC50value for scavenging potential towards pre-generated monocation ABTS* radical, superoxide radicals, hydroxyl radicals, metal chelation property and on lipid peroxidation. Further, rat peritoneal macrophages were isolated, cultured and the attached macrophages were exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) with different concentrations of tuberosin (pretreatment for 30 min). After 17 h the released NO content, in culture supernatant, was indirectly estimated as accumulated nitrite by Griess reagent. To understand the mechanism of action, the extent of expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase genes, the iNOS protein was assessed in macrophage lysate by using its antibody on western blot analysis. Tuberosin significantly scavenged all the species of FRs, described above and it also inhibited the LPS induced release of NO and amount of iNOS protein in macrophages. All the changes were significant and concentration dependent. Thus it could be suggested that tuberosin, is one of the active principles of Pueraria tuberose, which directly scavenges various species of Free radicals (FRs) and also inhibits LPS induced inflammatory changes in macrophages. © 2010 Pandey and Tripathi; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
Antioxidant and Antiapoptotic effect of aqueous extract of Pueraria tuberosa (Roxb. Ex Willd.) DC. On streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy in rats
(BioMed Central Ltd., 2018) Rashmi Shukla; Somanshu Banerjee; Yamini B. Tripathi
Background: Oxidative stress and renal apoptosis play a significant role in the progression of diabetic nephropathy. The tubers of Pueraria tuberosa (Roxb. ex Willd.) DC. has been traditionally used as anti-ageing and health promotive tonic. The purpose of this study was to investigate its nephroprotective effect and mechanism via antioxidant and antiapoptotic potential in Streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy (DN) in rats. Methods: The chemical composition of aqueous extract of Pueraria tuberosa (PTY-2r) was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) (55 mg/kg body weight) in rats. After 60 days, the rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 6/each group), namely DN control (DN) group-2, DN rats treated with PTY-2r at the dose of 50 mg/100 g, group-3 and 100 mg/100 g, group-4 p.o. for 20 days. The normal rats were chosen as a normal control (NC) group-1. PTY-2r was orally given to the rats for 20 days. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation (LPO) and the activity of ROS-scavenging enzymes - superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) & glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were determined in the kidney tissue of DN rats. The expression of apoptosis-related proteins was measured by immunofluorescence. Results: GC-MS analysis of PTY-2r indicated the presence of 37 compounds among them 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (17.80%), 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one (17.03%), n-Hexadecanoic acid (5.18%) and 9-Octadecenoic acid (Z) - (6.69%) were found in the higher amount. A significant increase in ROS and LPO was observed along with the decreased activity of antioxidant enzymes, responsible for oxidative stress in the kidney of DN rats. Since, high oxidative stress induces apoptosis in target cells, as shown by significantly decreased expression of Bcl-2 along with increased expression of Bax, active Caspase-3 & cleaved PARP-1 in DN control rats, suggesting apoptosis. The PTY-2r treatment significantly raised the activity of antioxidant enzymes, suppressed oxidative stress and apoptosis thus, prevented urinary albumin excretion in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusions: The findings suggest that PTY-2r exerted the nephroprotective potential against STZ induced DN rats via suppressing oxidative stress and apoptosis due to the presence of different bioactive compounds. © 2018 The Author(s).
Antioxidant capacity and radical scavenging effect of polyphenol rich Mallotus philippenensis fruit extract on human erythrocytes: An in vitro study
(Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 2014) Mayank Gangwar; Manish Kumar Gautam; Amit Kumar Sharma; Yamini B. Tripathi; R.K. Goel; Gopal Nath
Mallotus philippinensis is an important source of molecules with strong antioxidant activity widely used medicinal plant. Previous studies have highlighted their anticestodal, antibacterial, wound healing activities, and so forth. So, present investigation was designed to evaluate the total antioxidant activity and radical scavenging effect of 50% ethanol fruit glandular hair extract (MPE) and its role on Human Erythrocytes. MPE was tested for phytochemical test followed by its HPLC analysis. Standard antioxidant assays like DPPH, ABTS, hydroxyl, superoxide radical, nitric oxide, and lipid peroxidation assay were determined along with total phenolic and flavonoids content. Results showed that MPE contains the presence of various phytochemicals, with high total phenolic and flavonoid content. HPLC analysis showed the presence of rottlerin, a polyphenolic compound in a very rich quantity. MPE exhibits significant strong scavenging activity on DPPH and ABTS assay. Reducing power showed dose dependent increase in concentration absorption compared to standard, Quercetin. Superoxide, hydroxyl radical, lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide assay showed a comparable scavenging activity compared to its standard. Our finding further provides evidence that Mallotus fruit extract is a potential natural source of antioxidants which have a protective role on human Erythrocytes exhibiting minimum hemolytic activity and this justified its uses in folklore medicines. © 2014 Mayank Gangwar et al.
Antioxidant properties of different fractions of tubers from Pueraria tuberosa Linn
(2007) Nidhi Pandey; J.K. Chaurasia; O.P. Tiwari; Yamini B. Tripathi
Pueraria tuberosa Linn. (PT), Leguminosae, is a perennial climber, growing throughout tropical parts of India. In the Ayurvedic system of medicine, it is used as a drug of choice to manage pain, inflammation and other related diseases. The antioxidant potency of P. tuberosa was investigated for the first time. Total antioxidant capacity was determined using an ABTS*+ assay. Lipid peroxidation was assessed in terms of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances by using egg-yolk homogenates as lipid-rich media. Superoxide radical-scavenging was measured using riboflavin-light-nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT) assay. Hydroxyl radical trapping potential was determined by evaluating hydroxyl radical induced deoxyribose degradation using thiobarbituric acid method. In order to assess the metal chelation property, hydroxyl radical induced deoxyribose degradation was evaluated in the absence of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. Both hexane and methanol fractions inhibited lipid peroxidation and also chelated the iron, showing potent antioxidant property. © 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Antioxidant properties of different fractions of Vitex negundo Linn.
(2007) Om Prakash Tiwari; Yamini B. Tripathi
Vitex negundo Linn. (VN), belonging to family Verbenaceae, is an aromatic shrub distributed throughout India. In the ayurvedic system of medicine it is used as a drug of choice to manage pain, inflammation and other related diseases. It contains many polyphenolic compounds, terpenoids, glycosidic iridoids and alkaloids. Since polyphenolic compounds have high antioxidant potential, the antioxidant potency of V. negundo was investigated by employing various established in vitro systems, such as 2,2′-azino-bis 3-ethyl benzothiazoline-6-sulfuric acid (ABTS*+)/Lipid Peroxides (LPO)/Superoxide/Hydroxyl radical scavenging and iron ion chelation. Total antioxidant capacity was determined by the assay based on the preformed radical monocation ABTS*+. Lipid peroxidation was assessed in terms of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances by using egg yolk homogenates as lipid rich media. Superoxide radical scavenging assay was based on the riboflavin-light-Nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT) system. Hydroxyl radical trapping potential was determined by evaluating hydroxyl radical induced deoxyribose degradation using the thiobarbituric acid method. In order to assess the metal chelation properties, hydroxyl radical induced deoxyribose degradation was evaluated in the absence of Ethylenediamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA). All the polar fractions significantly showed trapping of free radicals, and thereby inhibition of lipid peroxidation, and also chelated the iron ion. Interestingly, the hexane fraction did not show any activity against superoxides radicals and it had minimum trapping potential for other free radical (FR) species also. Thus, it may be concluded that the polar fractions of VN possess potent antioxidant properties, which may be mediated through direct trapping of the free radicals and also through metal chelation. Therefore its reported anti-inflammatory properties, could be through the down regulation of the free radical mediated pathway of inflammation. © 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Antioxidant property of Mucuna pruriens Linn.
(2001) Yamini B. Tripathi; Anil K. Upadhyay
[No abstract available]
Bacopa monniera Linn. as an antioxidant : Mechanism of action
(1996) Yamini B. Tripathi; Savita Chaurasia; Ekta Tripathi; Anil Upadhyay; G.P. Dubey
Bacopa monniera, Linn. (Brahmi: Scrophulariaceae) an Ayurvedic medicine is clinically used for memory enhancing, epilepsy, insomnia and as mild sedative. For the first time the effect of alcohol and hexane fraction of Brahmi has been studied on FeSO4 and cumene hydroperoxide induced lipid peroxidation. Alcohol fraction showed greater protection with both inducers. Results were compared with known antioxidants tris, EDTA and a natural antioxidant vitamin E. The effect of Brahmi was also examined on hepatic glutathione content. The mechanism of action could be through metal chelation at the initiation level and also as chain breaker. The results suggested that Brahmi is a potent antioxidant. The response of Brahmi was dose dependent. Tris, an hydroxyl trapper did not show any protection in comparison to Brahmi where as EDTA and vitamin E did protect against FeSO4. In experimental conditions 100 μg Brahmi extract (alcoholic) was equivalent to 247 μg of EDTA (0.66 mM) and 58 μg of vitamin E. Interestingly Brahmi only slightly protected the autooxidation and FeSO4 induced oxidation of reduced glutathione on lower doses 100 μg/ml and below, but on higher concentrations it enhanced the rate of oxidation.
Berberis aristata inhibits PAF induced aggregation of rabbit platelets
(1996) Yamini B. Tripathi; Shivendra D. Shukla
Berberis aristata (Berberidaceae) is in use in the Ayurvedic system of medicine for the management of various allergic disorders. For the first time the anti-PAF (platelet activating factor) activity of the alcohol extract of the root of B. aristata has been studied on rabbit platelets. It inhibits the PAF induced aggregation of platelets in a dose dependent manner in the microgram range. It also inhibits the 3H-PAF binding to rabbit platelets in a competitive manner.
BHUx: A patent polyherbal formulation to prevent atherosclerosis
(2005) Yamini B. Tripathi; Birendra K. Singh; Ravi S. Pandey; Mohan Kumar
Ayurvedic medicine is a time-tested system of medicine which has been in clinical use for centuries in India. Being a time-tested system, it has an edge over other existing systems of health management, especially for dealing with chronic disorders such as coronary artery disease, which is of a complex multi-etiological nature. Recently, we have shown that BHUx, a patented polyherbal formulation consisting of the aqueous fraction of five medicinal plants of the ayurvedic system, has significant anti-inflammatory properties through inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 and lipoxygenase-15. Here we have investigated its effect on diet-induced atherosclerosis in albino rabbits. BHUx was given orally for 3 months to rabbits pre-treated with an atherogenic diet for 3 months. After 6 months, the dorsal aorta was processed for histological studies for calcium and collagen content. The results demonstrated a remarkable reduction in intimal thickening in the treated animals. In addition, there was less calcification at the intima-medial interface and increased intensity of collagen cap on the surface along with an increase in survival, compared with the sham control. We suggest that BHUx is a potent, multi-factorial formulation against atherosclerosis. © The Author (2005). Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.
BHUx: A patented polyherbal formulation to prevent hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis
(2009) Yamini B. Tripathi
Since hyperlipidemia, inflammation and obesity are closely related to atherosclerosis, therefore management of these factors together would be beneficial for overall treatment approach for atherosclerosis. Although, Indian system of medicine, especially Ayurveda has several medicinal plants with proven beneficial claims towards these pathological conditions, but most of them lack enough experimental data. BHUx is a novel polyherbal formulation, consisting of 5 medicinal plants namely Termenalia arjuna, Strychnox nux vomica, Boswellia serrata, Commiphora mukul, and Semecarpus anacardium, which have history of clinical use as single or in other combinations, but these plant fractions were never tried collectively in this ratio as in BHUx, which has been found to be effective on all the etiological factors, together. In this paper, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hypo-lipidemic, anti-proliferative properties of BHUx have been studied on several experimental models based on chemical tests, cell culture, in vitro models, and in vivo experiments with normal and transgenic animals. A separate pre-clinical toxicity study has also been carried out to prove its safety margin in therapeutic doses. Further, clinical trail of BHUx is under way, before it comes to market for public use as functional food to maintain healthy heart. This article also review some patent related to the field. © 2009 Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
Bronco T (Shirisadi kasaya), a polyherbal formulation prevents LPS induced septicemia in rats
(Verduci Editore s.r.l, 2022) P. Mishra; R. Pandey; S. Tripathi; S.K. Dubey; Yamini B. Tripathi
OBJECTIVE: Here, Bronco T (BT), a polyherbal formulation developed in 1984 for treating asthma, has been repurposed against septicemia-induced ALI. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Lipopolysaccharides (3 mg/kg BW) were injected intraperitoneally before 24 hours of surgery to assess the cardiorespiratory parameters, blood PaO2/FiO2 and MPO, pulmonary water content and histological changes in the lungs. The pentoxifylline (PTX) (25 mg/kg BW) was used as the positive control and given one hour before LPS. BT was given 3 hours (orally at different doses of 3, 1.5 and 0.75 g/kg BW) before LPS. RESULTS: The LPS treated group showed significant bradypnea, hypotension and bradycardia, through elongated peaks (RR) and (MAP) respectively and finally death after 95 minutes of LPS injection. The PTX and BT (3 g/kg BW) pretreatment significantly prevented these changes (dose-dependent in the BT group). The survival in these groups was maintained up to 190 min after LPS. The Pentoxifylline showed a better response (75%) than Bronco T (72%). In both the treatments, a significant decrease in pulmonary water content and minimal neutrophil infiltration and intact alveoli-capillary membrane was seen in the transverse section (T.S) of the lungs. CONCLUSIONS: Significant improvement was noted in survival time with lesser tissue damage and improved pulmonary function was observed by pre-treating with Bronco T in LPS induced septicemia. © 2022 Verduci Editore s.r.l. All rights reserved.
Caspase-dependent apoptosis induction by guggulsterone, a constituent of Ayurvedic medicinal plant Commiphora mukul, in PC-3 human prostate cancer cells is mediated by Bax and Bak
(2005) Shivendra V. Singh; Yan Zeng; Dong Xiao; Victor G. Vogel; Joel B. Nelson; Rajiv Dhir; Yamini B. Tripathi
The present study was undertaken to gain insights into the molecular mechanism of cell death (apoptosis) by guggulsterone, a constituent of Ayurvedic medicinal plant Commiphora mukul, using PC-3 human prostate cancer cells as a model. The viability of PC-3 cells, but not a normal prostate epithelial cell line (PrEC), was reduced significantly on treatment with guggulsterone in a concentration-dependent manner. Guggulsterone-mediated suppression of PC-3 cell proliferation was not due to perturbation in cell cycle progression but caused by apoptosis induction characterized by appearance of subdiploid cells and cytoplasmic histone-associated DNA fragmentation. Guggulsterone-induced apoptosis was associated with induction of multidomain proapoptotic Bcl-2 family members Bax and Bak. Interestingly, the expression of antiapoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL was initially increased in guggulsterone-treated PC-3 cells but declined markedly following a 16- to 24-hour treatment with guggulsterone. Ectopic expression of Bcl-2 in PC-3 cells failed to confer significant protection against guggulsterone-induced cell death. On the other hand, SV40 immortalized mouse embryonic fibroblasts derived from Bax-Bak double knockout mice were significantly more resistant to guggulsterone-induced cell killing compared with wild-type cells. Guggulsterone treatment resulted in cleavage (activation) of caspase-9, caspase-8, and caspase-3, and guggulsterone-induced cell death was significantly attenuated in the presence of general caspase inhibitor as well as specific inhibitors of caspase-9 and caspase-8. In conclusion, the present study indicates that caspase-dependent apoptosis by guggulsterone is mediated in part by Bax and Bak. Copyright © 2005 American Association for Cancer Research.
Chemical characterization of various fractions of leaves of Cinnamomum tamala Linn toward their antioxidant, hypoglycemic, and anti-inflammatory property
(2011) J.K. Chaurasia; Yamini B. Tripathi
Cinnamomum tamala (CT) Linn. (Lauraceae) is a component of Indian spices and is also used as antidiabetic agent. Its antioxidant potential was reported by other authors and recently our group has reported its immune-suppressive property. Here, CT leaves were extracted with methanol (CTT) and also with various organic solvents of increasing polarity such as hexane (CTH), ethyl acetate (CTEA), and methanol (CTE) in successive manner by continuous Soxhlet extractor. The active compounds of CTT and CTH were analyzed by GC-MS and most abundant compound (eugenol) was further analyzed by HPLC. These extracts were tested for their free radical (FR) scavenging potential for different FR species, hypoglycemic potential on alloxan-induced hyperglycemia, and anti-inflammatory property in carrageenan-induced paw edema and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in rat peritoneal macrophage culture. Result showed that CTH was the most active fraction toward these parameters, which was parallel to its eugenol and total phenolic content concentration. © 2011 Informa Healthcare USA, Inc.
Comparative analysis of phenolic and flavonoid content of Jatropha Curcas Linn.
(2012) Amit Kumar Sharma; Mayank Gangwar; Adya Prasad Chaturvedi; A.S.K. Sinha; Yamini B. Tripathi
Jatropha species belong to the family Euphorbiaceae commonly called physic nut, purging nut or pig nut. Based on their economic and pharmaceutical importance, we investigated the total phenolic and flavonoid content of different parts of whole plant. The dried plant powder was subjected to Soxhlet extraction with methanol. Phenolic content was estimated using Folin ciocalteau reagent, flavonoid using aluminium chloride (2%) reagent as quercetin equivalent and TLC analysis using chloroform, benzene, hexane and ethyl acetate for the analysis of number of constituent in different extract. Methanolic extract of J. curcas leaf contain higher phenolic content (38.8±2.14) followed by latex (29.12±4.52) and root (26.15±3.84). Flavonoid contents was found to be maximum in cake (26.15±3.84) followed by latex (18.14±2.54). TLC analysis shows four to six spots in different extract showing varying number of components using hexane, chloroform and benzene solvent. The study revealed that the extracts of J. curcas showed presence of high amount of phenolic and flavonoid compounds especially presscake along with secondary metabolites suggesting its use for treatment of various infections.
Comparison of the antioxidant action of the alcoholic extract of Rubia cordifolia with rubiadin
(1998) Yamini B. Tripathi; Mukta Sharma
The inhibition of FeSO4 induced lipid peroxidation in rat liver by alcoholic extract of Rubia cordifolia and by one of its constituent rubiadin (1, 3-dihydroxy-2-methyl anthraquinone) (pure form) has been compared. Both have been found to inhibit lipid peroxidation in a dose dependent manner. Whereas the former shows both oxidising and reducing properties with Fe2+ and Fe3+, the latter shows oxidising property only by converting Fe2+ to Fe3+. The former inhibits the oxidation of reduced glutathione while the latter does not.
Demand and Supply Gaps: Seeds and Raw Material
(Springer International Publishing, 2022) Priyanka Mishra; Praveen Kumar; Yamini B. Tripathi; Neha Garg
Hemp is one of the oldest known crops with huge industrial and pharmaceutical applications.Most parts of the hemp plant are used in industry: stem for fibre production, leaves for animal bedding and construction, roots in phytoremediation and flowers for essential oils and pharmaceuticals. Seeds of the Hemp plant are a rich source of various nutrients that can be used to produce oil, flour for bread supplementation, as feed for organic farming. Realizing Hemp as a multifaceted and sustainable crop, recently there is a renewed interest in Hemp production. In this chapter, we are discussing Hemp global market, demand and supply and factors affecting industrial hemp production. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022.