Browsing by Author "Yasser Nehela"

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Ornithine enhances common bean growth and defense against white mold disease via interfering with SsOAH and diminishing the biosynthesis of oxalic acid in Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
(Frontiers Media SA, 2025) Yasser Nehela; Yasser S.A. Mazrou; Nehad A. El_Gammal; Osama Osman Atallah; Abdelrazek Shaarawy Abdelrhim; Sumit Kumar; Temoor Ahmed; Qurban Ali; Abeer H. Makhlouf; Warda A.M. Hussain
The necrotrophic fungal phytopathogen, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary, employs a multilayered strategy to infect a wide range of host plants. The current study proposed the diamine L-ornithine, a non-proteinogenic amino acid that promotes the synthesis of other essential amino acids, as an alternative management strategy to boost the molecular, physiological, and biochemical responses of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) against white mold disease caused by S. sclerotiorum. In vitro experiments showed that L-ornithine significantly inhibited the mycelial growth of S. sclerotiorum in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, it markedly diminished the white mold severity under greenhouse conditions. Moreover, L-ornithine stimulated the growth of treated plants suggesting that the tested concentration of L-ornithine has no phytotoxicity on treated plants. Additionally, L-ornithine enhanced the non-enzymatic antioxidants (total soluble phenolics and flavonoids), the enzymatic antioxidants (CAT, POX, and PPO), and upregulated the gene expression of three antioxidant-associated genes (PvCAT1, PvSOD, and PvGR). Moreover, in silico analysis showed that the genome of S. sclerotiorum possesses a putative oxaloacetate acetylhydrolase (SsOAH) protein that is highly similar in its functional analysis, conserved domains, and topology with OAH from Aspergillus fijiensis (AfOAH) and Penicillium lagena (PlOAH). Interestingly, the addition of L-ornithine to the potato dextrose broth (PDB) medium significantly down-regulated the gene expression of SsOAH in the mycelium of S. sclerotiorum. Likewise, exogenous application of L-ornithine significantly down-regulated the gene expression of SsOAH in the fungal mycelia collected from treated plants. Finally, L-ornithine application significantly diminished the secretion of oxalic acid in the PDB medium as well as infected leaves. Collectively, L-ornithine plays a pivotal role in maintaining the redox status, in addition to boosting the defense responses of infected plants. The current study provides insights that may lead to innovative eco-friendly approaches for controlling white mold disease and mitigating its impact on common bean cultivation particularly, and other crops in general. © © 2025 Nehela, Mazrou, EL_Gammal, Atallah, Abdelrhim, Kumar, Ahmed, Ali, Makhlouf and Hussain.
Role of plant secondary metabolites in defence and transcriptional regulation in response to biotic stress
(Elsevier B.V., 2023) Anjali; Sumit Kumar; Tulasi Korra; Rajneesh Thakur; R. Arutselvan; Abhijeet Shankar Kashyap; Yasser Nehela; Victor Chaplygin; Tatiana Minkina; Chetan Keswani
Secondary metabolites in plants have been recognized as a novel basis of potential bio-pesticides, paving the way for their use in sustainable agriculture. Plant secondary metabolites have pivotal roles in plant-pathogen interactions. Some important secondary metabolites of plants are terpenoids, flavanols, flavones, etc., are stress-inducible phytochemicals playing an important role in plant immune response development. Pathogen enters into host cell, multiply and utilise the biological mechanism of plants, causing a hazard to world food assembly. Under stressed circumstances, plants evolve a powerful and intricate system of growth and defensive action. On the other hand, transcription factors (TFs) assist host plants to counter adverse environments by acting as mediators of stress signal and regulating the stress-responsive gene expression. The transcriptional and post-transcriptional manipulation of transcriptional factors is capable of aid in molecular breeding and genetic modification meant for improved secondary metabolite synthesis. Although the presence of numerous secondary metabolites has been established in plant life, very slight is known about their interaction with pathogens and the specific mechanisms involved in leading to plant immunity. Chemical pesticides are wreaking havoc on our environment. As a consequence, environmental-friendly alternatives to disease management, like plant-based metabolites, should be explored. In this appraisal, we have reviewed plant secondary metabolites in relation to pathogens, their contribution to innate immunity, mechanism of action, and regulation of TFs in response to combating plant infections in an eco-friendly approach. © 2023 The Authors
Unraveling the role of antimicrobial peptides in plant resistance against phytopathogens
(Springer Nature, 2024) Sumit Kumar; Lopamudra Behera; Rajesh Kumari; Dipanjali Bag; Vanama Sowmya; Chetan Keswani; Tatiana Minkina; Ali Chenari Bouket; Pranab Dutta; Yasser Nehela; Rohini; Udai B. Singh; Aarti Bairwa; Harish; Abhishek Sahoo; Prashant Swapnil; Mukesh Meena
The current reports on phytopathogens multidrug resistance have become a significant issue for plant health and global food security. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have recently gained generous attention as potential alternatives to prevent plant disease resistance because of their potent, multifarious antimicrobial activity. AMPs are low-weight protein molecules. Living organisms secrete a wide range of AMPs, with some synthesised by canonical gene expression, known as ribosomal AMPs, and non-ribosomal AMPs, synthesised by modular enzyme-generating systems. Plants produce an array of AMPs, yet they are still unknown to many infection processes of causal agents. Plant-derived AMPs have a wide range of structures and functions, and they induce an innate immune system in plants. The biologically active AMPs in plants mainly depend on direct and indirect interactions with membrane lipids. Transgenic plants have expressed several AMPs, the basis for the model of new synthetic analogues, to provide support against diseases. These peptides have shown significant ability to manage plant diseases and can provide an eco-friendly alternative to hazardous conventional methods. Here, we have a comprehensive study on AMPs to identify their role in plant pathogen stress suppression activities and their mode of action. This would surely facilitate a bottomless insight into AMPs' mode of action against pathogen infections. An improved understanding of the mechanism will facilitate the development of the next generation of antimicrobial peptides, potentially employing a multitargeted approach. © The Author(s) 2024.
Unraveling the Seed Bio-priming Contours for Managing Plant Health
(Springer, 2024) Sumit Kumar; R. Arutselvan; K. Greeshma; Shrey Bodhankar; A.U. Akash; Vurukonda Sai Shiva Krishna Prasad; Yasser Nehela; Udai B. Singh; Ingudam Bhupenchandra; Arnab Sen; Laxman Singh Rajput; Marina Burachevskaya; Tatiana Minkina; Chetan Keswani
From germination to maturity, crops face myriad stresses thereby threatening food security. The foundation of modern agriculture rests on the status of seed health and resilience. Hence, developing highly efficient, low-cost, farmer-friendly, and sustainable approaches for improving seed health and performance under both field and greenhouse conditions. Seed bio-priming with plant beneficial microorganisms (++; mutualistic) improves the physiological, molecular, and stress tolerance functions of the seeds. This process allows the microorganisms adhere to the seed coat and establish an early relationship with the radicle, thereby forming the first line of defense against any external threat. Seeds bio-primed by mutualistic rhizomicroorganisms stimulate plant immunity by inducing the biosynthesis of defense-related proteins, phytohormones, antioxidants, polyphenols, etc. This review maps the various functional and applied aspects of seed bio-priming on the overall plant health under stressed environments. Furthermore, it critically examines the modulation of biochemical and molecular mechanisms for establishing redox homeostasis. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.
Unraveling the Seed Bio-priming Contours for Managing Plant Health
(Springer, 2025) Sumit Kumar; Rameshkumar Arutselvan; Kothur Greeshma; Shrey Bodhankar; A. U. Akash; Vurukonda Sai Shiva Krishna Prasad; Yasser Nehela; Udai B. Singh; Ingudam Bhupenchandra; Arnab Sen; Laxman Singh Rajput; Marina V. Burachevskaya; Tatiana Mikhailovna Minkina; Keswani Chetan
From germination to maturity, crops face myriad stresses thereby threatening food security. The foundation of modern agriculture rests on the status of seed health and resilience. Hence, developing highly efficient, low-cost, farmer-friendly, and sustainable approaches for improving seed health and performance under both field and greenhouse conditions. Seed bio-priming with plant beneficial microorganisms (++; mutualistic) improves the physiological, molecular, and stress tolerance functions of the seeds. This process allows the microorganisms adhere to the seed coat and establish an early relationship with the radicle, thereby forming the first line of defense against any external threat. Seeds bio-primed by mutualistic rhizomicroorganisms stimulate plant immunity by inducing the biosynthesis of defense-related proteins, phytohormones, antioxidants, polyphenols, etc. This review maps the various functional and applied aspects of seed bio-priming on the overall plant health under stressed environments. Furthermore, it critically examines the modulation of biochemical and molecular mechanisms for establishing redox homeostasis. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.