Green and efficient iron-catalyzed cross-dehydrogenative coupling for the synthesis of α,β-unsaturated ketones via C(sp3)-H functionalization

Abstract

An efficient C-C cross-coupling approach for the synthesis of α,β-unsaturated ketones was developed through C(sp3)-H functionalization of acetophenone and methylarene under thermal conditions in the presence of a green catalyst, FeCl<inf>3</inf>·6H<inf>2</inf>O, with DMF as a solvent and atmospheric O<inf>2</inf> (air) as an oxidant. The method was useful for a wide range of substrates, indicating good functional group compatibility and providing an innovative approach to forming new C-C bonds from inexpensive, readily available starting materials. Thus, the main advantages of the present methods are one-pot reactions, environmentally friendly approaches, cost-effectiveness, broad substrate scope, short reaction times, easy workup procedures, and good yields. © 2025 The Royal Society of Chemistry.