Prevalence of Antineutrophil cytoplasmic Antibodies in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and its relevance with Clinical manifestations

Abstract

Background: Role of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) in pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematous (SLE) and its association with clinical manifestations is not completely understood. Prevalence data of ANCA in SLE patients of Indian population is limited. Aims and Objectives: The aim of the present study is to measure the prevalence of ANCAs in SLE patients and study its association with clinical manifestations of SLE. Material and Methods: Total 92 patients of SLE cases were included in this prospective observational study. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data was collected in all patients. Serum levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO)-ANCA, proteinase 3 (PR3)-ANCA, antinuclear antibody (ANA), anti-dsDNA antibody and extractable nuclear antigen (ENA) antibodies were measured by enzyme immune assay methods. Serum Complement C3 and C4 estimation was done by nephelometer. Unpaired t test was used to find the significance difference in mean value between ANCA positive and ANCA negative group. Chi-square test was used to compare categorical data of two groups. Results: Nineteen cases (20.65%) showed ANCA positivity. Ten cases were positive for PR3-ANCA and seven cases were positive for MPO-ANCA. Two cases were detected with dual MPO and PR3-ANCA. Nephritis was significantly more common in ANCA positive SLE patients. Rest all of clinical manifestations, anti-dsDNA antibody positivity, ENAs antibodies positivity and reduction in complement level did not show any significant correlation with presence of ANCA antibody. Conclusion: In contrast to results of earlier studies, PR3-ANCA was more prevalent in our study population. Renal system involvement was significantly high in ANCA positive SLE patients as compared to ANCA negative patients. © RJPT All right reserved 24; 17(10):5065-5070.