Analysis of morphometric characteristics and prioritization of micro watersheds of Karamnasa River Basin using remote sensing & GIS technique

Abstract

The Karamnasa River, originating in Bihar’s Kaimur district, serves as a vital water resource in the region. This research, conducted at coordinates 25°30’54’‘N latitude and 83°52’30’’ E longitude, aimed to identify optimal sites for water conservation structures within the Karmanasa River Basin (KRS) using Remote Sensing and GIS techniques. By analysing morphometric parameters (MP) of the basin, including slope, stream length, and drainage density, the study delineated the basin into seven sub-watersheds and five stream orders. The comprehensive analysis revealed SW2 as the most critical sub-watershed, necessitating immediate conservation efforts. Assigning ranks to parameters like bifurcation ratio and circulatory ratio, SW2 emerged as the priority sub-watershed. Fifteen potential conservation sites were identified, comprising 9 farm ponds, 3 percolation tanks, and 3 check dams. The research underscores the significance of prioritizing sub-watersheds based on morphometric characteristics, with lower parameter values indicating higher priority. The study’s drainage network analysis, conducted through remote sensing and GIS, enhances understanding of the KRS hydrological features. This research highlights sustainable development through effective water resource use and targeted conservation in the Karamnasa River Basin, emphasizing community engagement and participatory methods for enduring, resilient environmental stewardship and successful land management. © 2024 Indian Society for Hydraulics.