Biochemical characterization of plant secondary metabolites

Abstract

Plants are an integral part of human health. Plants secrete primary metabolites, which form secondary metabolites. These primary and secondary metabolites are used in nutraceuticals, pharmaceuticals, dyes, etc. A variety of phytochemicals such as alkaloids, phenols, glycosides, terpenes, lipids, oils, saponins, and carbohydrates are identified and some of them are preclinically and clinically validated. There is an increased interest in finding novel and potential molecules from plant sources to cure human illness. Hence, this chapter provides an understanding of secondary metabolites isolation, structural characterization (qualitative, quantitative, and dereplication), and biochemical characterization using in silico, in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo tests for pharmacological and toxicological assessments. © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.