Psychrophilic microbes: Biodiversity, beneficial role and improvement of cold stress in crop plants

Abstract

The beneficial microbes play an important role in farming, medical and industrial processes. The precious microbes belong to varied groups such as archaea, bacteria and fungi which could interact with plant species and also sort out from different habitats like extreme environments (acidic, alkaline, drought, pressure, salinity and temperatures). Structural adaptations like Cell envelope, Cell membrane, Cryoprotection, Heat shock proteins, Cold shock proteins, RNA degradosome, Enzymes, Chaperones and Metabolic processes microbes can tolerate under stress conditions. Psychrophilic microbes lead to a beneficial role in Biological Nitrogen Fixation (BNF), the Solubilization of nutrients and also for antibiotic production like DAPG, HCN, Phenazine, Oligomycin A, Kanosamine, Tensin, Tropolone, Pyrrolnitrin and Zwittermicin will suppress the disease growth. Microorganisms with therapeutic benefits can be used for sustainable agriculture and human health. Sustainable agriculture requires the use of different tactics to boost crop yields and food grain production through the introduction of terms of environmental issues. Psychrophilic plant growth-promoting (PGP) microbes can strongly affect crop growth under chilly environments through biological N2-fixation, siderophore production, hormone-regulating plant growth and antagonism activities © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.