Forests and their role in achieving United Nations sustainable development goals

Abstract

Forests are vital for achieving the United Nations sustainable development goals (UN SDGs) due to varied ecological, economic, and social assistance. It has an integral role in addressing global concerns like food security, poverty alleviation, biodiversity loss, and climate action. Programs such as joint forest management, participatory forest management, and community as well as smallholder forestry play a significant role in enhancing productivity and economic growth of the region; such practices worldwide contributed a major part in achieving the UN SDGs by reducing unemployment and poverty, maintaining biodiversity, production, and consumption, etc. The production of nontimber forest products (NTFPs), timber harvesting, tourism, and timber-based enterprises were the significant factors contributing to sustainable economic growth and development. These approaches cumulatively contribute to several goals and targets of UN SDGs; therefore, considering the multitude of services provided by the forests, it is essential to conserve, protect, and manage through collaborative work, policy interventions, and sustainable practices that will mitigate climate change, promote food security, and conserve forests for future generations. © 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.