Use of magnetic nanomaterials as nanosensors in plant systems

Abstract

Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are becoming more popular in agriculture as nanosensors because of their special magnetic qualities (superparamagnetism and magnetostriction) and adaptability. MNPs comprise magnetic elements like iron, nickel, cobalt, manganese, etc., in the form of their oxides and ferrites, which are further used as nanosensors (electrochemical nanosensors, optical nanosensors) to enhance plant production and protection. Nanosensors, which are selective transducers with a characteristic dimension of nanometers, have become crucial for the nondestructive, minimally invasive monitoring of biological processes, including plant signaling pathways and metabolism. This chapter discussed the qualities of nanosensors used in plant systems, such as plant health assessment, nutrient management, disease detection, improving plant physiology, and demonstrating the ability to increase crop production. Nanosensors are utilized to detect and reduce crop losses by delivering timely, accurate, and predictive information, which can increase agricultural output. MNPs as nanosensors are cost-effective, sensitive, and highly valuable in the field of plant systems these days. Therefore, the present chapter focuses on different MNPs used as nanosensors employed to increase quality and quantity in plant production. © 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.