Food packaging testing, safety, and quality control: Standards, protocols, and best practices

Abstract

Food packaging plays a vital role in protecting products from environmental and microbial contamination while maintaining their sensory attributes and extending shelf life. As consumer lifestyles and dietary preferences continue to evolve, the food packaging industry is undergoing rapid technological advancements. The aim of this chapter is to provide a comprehensive overview of food packaging with a specific focus on testing methods, safety protocols, and quality control practices. Key topics include types of packaging materials, regulatory standards (ASTM, ISO, FDA, EFSA), and analytical techniques used to evaluate physical, mechanical, chemical, and biodegradable properties of packaging systems. Special attention is given to smart, active, and intelligent packaging technologies that enhance product quality and shelf life. The chapter also highlights current challenges such as nanomaterial migration and the need for sustainable packaging solutions. Emphasis is placed on aligning innovations with safety regulations to meet consumer expectations and promote environmental responsibility. © 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.