Potential roles of hormonal crosstalk in flower development or plant morphogenesis

Abstract

The ABCE classes of homeotic genes partially describe the hereditary connections that control the aspects of floral organ commencement, growth, and design, but little is understood on how these genes’ abilities were transformed into various cellular growth and morphogenesis that are responsible for the establishment of flower organs with specific sizes and shapes at the cellular level. Phytohormones are the primary transmitters of genetic information, and it is relevant to examine some of these discoveries in light of current breakthroughs in comprehending phytohormone activity in flower development. A controlled equilibrium among meristem growth and synchronization, as well as organ commencement, results in flower development. Auxin, gibberellin, and cytokinin govern the size of floral meristems, and auxin is important for organ initiation and development. The role of phytohormones in the formation of each organ is somewhat understood, with stamen development influenced by practically all phytohormones, petal development influenced by jasmonic acid, auxin, and gibberellins, and gynoecium development dominated by auxin. Furthermore, the links between phytohormones and hereditary sequences are being clarified, and locations of phytohormone interaction are now being identified because practically all phytohormone groups are engaged in floral development. © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.