Cell signaling pathways in allergic asthma

Abstract

Asthma is an inflammatory disease associated with several airway anomalies including structural alteration. These abnormalities include augmented release of a variety of factors responsible for activation of signal transduction pathways within cells. These pathways are connected by signaling molecules and cross-talk with each other, which is central to the progression of asthma. As per earlier reports, the expressions of several proteins are augmented in the airways, including cytokines, chemokines, and adhesion molecules. Various inflammatory signaling proteins, including protein kinase C (PKC), growth factor tyrosine kinase receptors, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)/reactive oxygen species (ROS), PI3K/Akt, MAPKs, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), activator protein-1 (AP-1), and other molecules involved in signal transduction, regulate the pace of the asthmatic response. These signaling molecules are responsible for airway inflammation along with structural alterations (remodeling) by altering the cytoplasmic proteins. © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.