Study of the atmospheric and ionospheric phenomenon using GPS-based remote sensing technique

Abstract

Atmosphere including the ionosphere acting as a threat to global positioning system (GPS) signals which can provide valuable information about content of the medium. Ionospheric and tropospheric delay measurements using dual frequency GPS computations made at L1 and L2 frequencies enable reliable estimation of the gradually varying ionospheric and atmospheric conditions and hence estimation of total electron content and water vapor, respectively. Our atmosphere and ionosphere are very much sensitive to several natural and hazardous events, such as earthquakes, thunderstorms, space weather, solar eclipse, cyclone, typhoon, sudden stratospheric warming, etc. In this chapter, influences, tracking, forecasting of hazardous events such as earthquakes, thunderstorms, solar eclipse, cyclone, typhoon, sudden stratospheric warming using data from ground-based GPS measurements will be discussed. Besides, the significance of water vapor as a greenhouse gas and global warming, weather phenomenon, and climate variation and its relevance in modern society will be also been discussed. Finally, scope and challenges of the above phenomenon using GPS-based measurements are discussed. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.