Diaphragm-derived extracellular matrix scaffolds and clinical application

Abstract

Collagen is regarded as one of the most useful biomaterial due to its excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, and weak antigenicity. In cellular grafts, the histocompatibility antigens of the cells cause immunological reaction phenomenon. Less immunogenicity and better tolerance of acellular grafts were observed in rats and rabbits. The need of the readily availability of a nonimmunogenic and nonprosthetic biomaterial that could guide the regeneration of normal tissue is a fascinating possibility. Acellular biological tissues have been proposed to be used as natural biomaterials for tissue repair. Natural biomaterials are composed of extracellular matrix proteins that are conserved and can be served as scaffolds for cell attachment, migration, and proliferation. The acellular matrix can stimulate exact regeneration of missing tissue. © 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.