Green Solution for Heavy Metal Removal: Utilizing Banana Peel Waste as a Sustainable and Effective Adsorbent

Abstract

In recent years, the discharge of wastewater containing heavy metal ions, such as mercury (Hg), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), and iron (Fe), has posed a significant threat to the environment. Fortunately, research has found that banana peels contain elements, including sulfur, nitrogen, and carboxylic acid, which can effectively attract these heavy metals. The binding properties of banana peels can be retained for over ten cycles, making them a sustainable solution for water purification. This review summarizes recent studies on synthesizing porous carbons using banana peels and their application in water purification. Various synthesis methods and the adsorption mechanisms for removing heavy metals such as Hg, Cu, Pb, and Fe are discussed. Finally, this review concludes with a summary and highlights future prospects for research in this field. © 2024 by the authors.