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PublicationArticle Integrated Assessment of the Hydrogeochemical and Human Risks of Fluoride and Nitrate in Groundwater Using the RS-GIS Tool: Case Study of the Marginal Ganga Alluvial Plain, India(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2024) Dev Sen Gupta; Ashwani Raju; Abhinav Patel; Surendra Kumar Chandniha; Vaishnavi Sahu; Ankit Kumar; Amit Kumar; Rupesh Kumar; Samyah Salem RefadahGroundwater contamination with sub-lethal dissolved contaminants poses significant health risks globally, especially in rural India, where access to safe drinking water remains a critical challenge. This study explores the hydrogeochemical characterization and associated health risks of groundwater from shallow aquifers in the Marginal Ganga Alluvial Plain (MGAP) of northern India. The groundwater chemistry is dominated by Ca-Mg-CO3 and Ca-Mg-Cl types, where there is dominance of silicate weathering and the ion-exchange processes are responsible for this solute composition in the groundwater. All the ionic species are within the permissible limits of the World Health Organization, except fluoride (F−) and nitrate (NO3−). Geochemical analysis using bivariate relationships and saturation plots attributes the occurrence of F− to geogenic sources, primarily the chemical weathering of granite-granodiorite, while NO3− contaminants are linked to anthropogenic inputs, such as nitrogen-rich fertilizers, in the absence of a large-scale urban environment. Multivariate statistical analyses, including hierarchical cluster analysis and factor analysis, confirm the predominance of geogenic controls, with NO3−-enriched samples derived from anthropogenic factors. The spatial distribution and probability predictions of F− and NO3− were generated using a non-parametric co-kriging technique approach, aiding in the delineation of contamination hotspots. The integration of the USEPA human health risk assessment methodology with the urbanization index has revealed critical findings, identifying approximately 23% of the study area as being at high risk. This comprehensive approach, which synergizes geospatial analysis and statistical methods, proves to be highly effective in delineating priority zones for health intervention. The results highlight the pressing need for targeted mitigation measures and the implementation of sustainable groundwater management practices at regional, national, and global levels. © 2024 by the authors.PublicationArticle Viscous creep of β-Co(1982) G. malakondaiah; P. Rama RaoThe creep of β-Co was studied at stresses of up to 5.0 MN m-2 over the temperature range 973 - 1176 K (0.55Tm - 0.67Tm) and for grain sizes from 55 to 379 μm, conditions favourable for viscous creep mechanisms to dominate. The creep of helical specimens (self-heated by an electric current) due to their own weight was measured as follows: the deflection of each coil was monitored in situ as a function of time by direct observation through a transparent vacuum chamber using a cathetometer. Within the stress range investigated, the creep rates were observed to be proportional to stress for stresses in excess of a threshold value; below this threshold stress, no detectable creep occurred. Analysis of the results not only demonstrated the transitions from Coble to Nabarro-Herring creep and from Coble to Harper-Dorn creep but also established the regimes of grain size and temperature within which Coble, Nabarro-Herring or Harper-Dorn viscous creep is the dominating deformation process. Although the threshold stress generally decreases with increasing temperature, in the grain size and temperature regime of Nabarro-Herring creep dominance it is more strongly dependent on temperature than when Coble creep dominates. A measurable threshold stress also exists under Harper-Dorn creep conditions. On the basis of our present data and those reported by Sritharan and Jones, Ashby-Langdon-type and Langdon-type creep mechanism maps were constructed for β-Co. © 1982.PublicationArticle Gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD): an appraisal of different tests for diagnosis.(1990) J.P. Gupta; A. Kumar; A.K. Jain; S.K. Yadav; M. Kumar; A.K. AgrawalFifty symptomatic patients with GERD, 20 each of non ulcer dyspepsia (NUD) & duodenal ulcer (DU) and 10 healthy controls were subjected to various tests employed for diagnosis of GERD. Among these endoscopy and histology had highest sensitivities (92% & 91% respectively) followed by Bernstein's test (overall 88%; early positivity 72%) and oesophagography (70%). The specificities of various tests were: endoscopy (86%), histology (82%) and Bernstein's test (overall 80%; early positive 94%). The false positivity was mainly in DU subjects where majority (greater than 84%) had two or more of these tests offitive. Any two of the three tests (endoscopy, histology & Bernstein's test) in combination had a sensitivity of 80-91% and a specificity of 90-92%. Our observations suggest that these tests, particularly in combination, are useful in establishing the diagnosis of GERD and that subclinical oesophagitis in DU might be responsible for the false positivity of these tests.PublicationArticle Evaluation of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities of diosgenin enriched Paris polyphylla rhizome extract of Indian Himalayan landraces(Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2021) Debmalya Das Gupta; Shruti Mishra; Sumit Singh Verma; Anusmita Shekher; Vipin Rai; Nikee Awasthee; Tridip J. Das; Dipayan Paul; Sanjib K. Das; Hui Tag; Subash Chandra Gupta; Pallabi K. HuiEthnopharmacological relevance: Traditional medicinal plants have gained attention as a potential therapeutic agent to combat cancer and inflammation. Diosgenin rich fresh extracts of Paris polyphylla rhizome from Indian Himalaya is traditionally used as wound healing, anti-bleeding, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer agent by the folk healers. Aim of the study: Present study was aimed to prepare two types of extracts from Paris polyphylla rhizome of Indian Himalayan landraces – 1. ethanolic extract of Paris polyphylla rhizome (EEPPR) and 2. Diosgenin enriched Paris polyphylla rhizome extract (DPPE), quantification of diosgenin content, and to evaluate their in vitro anti-oxidant, in vivo anti-inflammatory and in vitro cytotoxicity and anti-cancer activities of the DPPE. Materials and methods: Diosgenin content of EEPPR was quantified through GC-MS while diosgenin content of DPPE was quantified through HPTLC, and the diosgenin yield from EEPPR and DPPE were compared. In vitro antioxidant activities of DPPE were performed using DPPH, NOD, RP and SOD assay while in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of DPPE were evaluated in dextran induced hind paw edema in rats. In vitro cytotoxicity and anti-cancer activities of DPPE were evaluated in human breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231), cervical cancer cell lines (HeLa) and Hep-2 cell lines. Results: EEPPR obtained through cold extraction method using 70% ethanol showed maximum diosgenin content of 17.90% quantified through GC-MS while similar compounds pennogenin (3.29%), 7β-Dehydrodiosgenin (1.90%), 7-Ketodiosgenin acetate (1.14%), and 7 β-hydroxydiosgenin (0.55%) were detected in low concentration, and thus confirmed diosgenin as major and lead phytochemical. However, DPPE obtained through both cold and repeated hot extraction with the same solvent (70% ethanol) showed diosgenin content of 60.29% which is significantly higher (p < 0.001) than the diosgenin content in EEPPR. DPPE demonstrated significant in vitro antioxidant activities by dose-dependently quenched (p < 0.001) SOD free radicals by 76.66%, followed by DPPH (71.43%), NOD (67.35%), and RP (63.74%) at a max concentration of 2 μg/μl of ascorbic acid and test drugs with remarkable IC50 values (p < 0.01). Further, DPPE also showed potent anti-inflammatory activities by dose-dependently suppressed dextran induced paw edema in rats (p < 0.01) from 2 h to 4 h. DPPE suppressed the proliferation of MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, Hep-2 and HeLa cell lines. Maximum activity was observed in MCF-7 cells. The DPPE also induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cell lines as measured by AO/PI and DAPI staining, as well as DNA laddering, cell cycle analysis and phosphatidylserine externalization assay. The growth-inhibitory effect of DPPE on MCF-7 breast cancer cells was further confirmed from the colony-formation assay. DPPE upregulated expression of Bax and downregulated Bcl-2 and survivin mRNA transcripts. Conclusion: DPPE obtained through both cold and repeated hot extraction using ethanol showed significantly higher content of diosgenin than the diosgenin content detected in EEPPR. However, diosgenin yield of both the extracts (EEPPR & DPPE) clearly confirmed diosgenin as major and lead phytochemical of Paris polyphylla rhizome of Indian Himalayan landraces. Further, DPPE also demonstrated potent in vitro anti-oxidative and in vivo anti-inflammatory activities and showed in vitro cytotoxicity and significant anti-cancer (apoptosis) effects in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. © 2021PublicationArticle Cell surface antigens in squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity(1986) S.N. Das; N.N. Khanna; Sushila Khanna; S. GuptaThe ABH isoantigen was investigated in 80 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity and in‐their 46 affected lymph nodes. Isoantigen deletion shows a characteristic pattern of benign to malignant transformation of oral cancer. Total loss of isoantigen was found in anaplastic tumours, in metastatic lymph nodes and in the majority of advanced stage tumours. Total loss of isoantigen in metastatic lymph nodes indicates a frequent discharge of isoantigen‐negative metastatic cells from the primary tumours to the lymph nodes and the regional organs. It seems that with the recent techniques a prospective observation of ABH isoantigen added to other pathological and clinical findings could be of prognostic significance in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity. Copyright © 1986 Wiley‐Liss, Inc., A Wiley CompanyPublicationArticle Endodontic Management of Maxillary Second Molar Tooth with a Single Root and Single Canal(Hindawi Limited, 2020) Neelam Mittal; Vijay Parashar; Prasad Suresh PatelComprehensive understanding of variations in the root canal morphology of a maxillary molar is useful for performing successful endodontic treatment in such cases. This case report describes endodontic management of a case with such aberrant root canal morphology of a maxillary second molar having a single root and single canal. © 2020 Neelam Mittal et al.PublicationReview Importance of seasonal regimen with special reference to impact on physiological parameters(2012) Pramod Kumar Singh; P.S. Byadgi; N.S. TripathiSeason is divided into six parts and each part consists of two months. Seasons also classified to eliminate the morbidity of Doshas in the respective seasons. Strength of the person is highest in visarga kala in comparison to adana kala. Different life style and dietetic regimen advised for each seasons. Time of seven days at the end and commencement of the season is known as ritusandhi. It is critical period in which previous regimen should be discontinued gradually and that of subsequent season should be adopted gradually. Seasons influences on body humours resulting into aggravation, accumulation and pacification. Hence one should prescribe appropriate biopurificatory procedures, collect drugs etc. to lead a healthy life.PublicationArticle Boundedness of fractional Hankel wavelet transform on some Beurling type spaces(Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2023) Kanailal Mahato; Prashant SinghWe give certain characterization results of fractional Hankel transform on the spaces of type Beurling-Bjorck. Using wavelet theory, we obtain certain boundedness results of continuous wavelet transform in terms of fractional Hankel transform on the Beurling-Bjorck type spaces. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The Forum D’Analystes.PublicationArticle Discussion of "Effect of rheological behaviour of geosynthetics on settlement response" by Kousik Deb, Sarvesh Chandra, and Prabir Kumar Basudhar(Maney Publishing, 2009) Sanjay Kumar Shukla[No abstract available]PublicationArticle Revisiting rhombic flaps for aesthetic facial resurfacing: Addressing a surgical conundrum(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2021) Neeraj Kant AgrawalBackground: Facial resurfacing is a surgical and aesthetic challenge, as it requires soft, pliable, and stretchable donor skin with a good match of color, texture, and thickness and minimum donor scarring. Rhombic flap is a highly versatile flap that has the aforementioned properties. Careful flap planning and execution is vital for successful outcomes. Aims: The aim of this work was to study the geometry of the classic rhombic flaps; to evaluate their versatility and technical finesse as well as their application to resurface defects over various regions of the face. Materials and Methods: Overall, 42 patients with facial scars due to trauma, malignancies, small nevi, and mature scars of the face were studied and operated on. Of the four rhombic flaps that were possible, choosing the best option required careful attention to camouflage of scar and proximity to vital deformable anatomical structures. Geometrical planning of the flap was the essence of the entire surgical exercise. Results: Outcome of rhombic flaps were meticulously and critically analyzed. The study consisted of 36 females (85.71%) and only 6 males with a mean age of 23 years. Defects were created on 27 mature scars (64.29%) and 11 burn scars (26.19%). Defects over the cheek and lateral canthus of the eye were especially problematic. It is a safe flap with excellent results as far as visible scarring and traction deformities are concerned. Scars elsewhere on the face fared better than on the bony prominence. Conclusion and Significance: Rhombic flaps offer an excellent alternative to resurface facial scars and defects in a selected subset of patients. © 2021 Journal of Cutaneous and Aesthetic Surgery | Published by Wolters Kluwer - Medknow.