Kumar V.Das S.2025-01-132025-01-13202415985865https://dl.bhu.ac.in/ir/handle/123456789/2894Topological indices can be interpreted as the mathematical characterizations of a molecular compound and are significantly employed to forecast its physical, chemical and biological information. Computation of topological indices of a graph through its associated graph polynomial is a modern and optimal approach. One such method is to determine the degree-based topological indices of a graph using its M-polynomial. Among the class of degree-based topological indices, the Sombor indices are one of the most investigated indices in recent times. In this article, the M-polynomial-based derivation formulas are derived to compute the different Sombor-type indices, namely the Sombor index, modified Sombor index, first and second Banhatti�Sombor indices, and their reduced form of the Sombor indices. Furthermore, our proposed derivation formulas are applied to compute the Sombor-type indices of the jagged-rectangle benzenoid system Bm,n. Additionally, the comparison among the Sombor-type indices of Bm,n is presented through numerical and graphical representations. � The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Korean Society for Informatics and Computational Applied Mathematics 2024.en05C0705C0905C1005C3105C92Banhatti�Sombor indexDegree-based topological indicesJagged-rectangle benzenoid systemM-polynomialSombor indexArticle10.1007/s12190-024-02272-4