Tripathi P.Srivastava A.Dubey C.K.Mishra V.Dwivedi S.Madeshiya A.K.2025-01-132025-01-132024978-044329624-65809517https://dl.bhu.ac.in/ir/handle/123456789/3138Artificial intelligence (AI) is the ability of a machine to perform a cognitive function that resembles the human brain. In today's world, AI is being largely applied in the field of medical science including clinical microbiology and environmental microbiology. According to a recent report by PwC Middle East, 2% of the total global benefit of AI which is about US$320 billion has been projected by 2030.With the help of AI in the medical field, the way of undertaking emergencies and life-threatening conditions has changed. Its applications include diagnosing patients, end-to-end drug discovery and development, improving communication between physician and patient, transcribing medical documents, such as prescriptions, and remotely treating patients. In this chapter, we discuss, what is AI and machine learning and how it is being implemented in the field of clinical microbiology, and environmental microbiology as well as where we need improvement. � 2024 Elsevier LtdenArtificial intelligenceClinical microbiologyDrug deliveryMachine learningMedicinal plantsBook chapter10.1016/bs.mim.2024.05.003