Browsing by Author "Amrita Ghosh Kar"

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A Clinicopathological Study to Assess the Role of Intralesional Sclerotherapy Following Propranolol Treatment in Infantile Hemangioma
(Scientific Scholar LLC, 2021) Rakesh Kumar; Preeti Tiwari; Vaibhav Pandey; Amrita Ghosh Kar; Narendra Tiwary; Shiv Prasad Sharma
As propranolol has emerged as first-line therapy for problematic infantile hemangioma, the number of non-responders and partial responders to propranolol therapy is also increasing. Aims: The study was conducted to evaluate the response of intralesional bleomycin, triamcinolone, and a combination of both as second line of treatment for the residual hemangioma following propranolol therapy Settings and Design: A prospective comparative study was conducted in patients who were either non-responders or partial responders to previous propranolol treatment. Materials and Methods: The patients randomly received injection bleomycin, injection triamcinolone, and combination of both bleomycin and triamcinolone. The response to treatment was recorded clinically by using photographs. The pathological response was assessed by calculating pre-treatment and post-treatment microvessel density in biopsy of lesion from the non-cosmetic sites using immunohistochemistry. Statistical Analysis Used: χ2 test was used to test the association between the variables. The utility of microvessel diameter (MVD) in terms of clinical response to the therapy was predicted by using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: Out of the 134 patients, 42 received bleomycin and 44 received triamcinolone and were treated with a combination of both. The overall clinical response was better in the combination group compared with the bleomycin group (P = 0.018) and triamcinolone group (P = 0.0005), respectively, after 6 months of follow-up. There was no difference in clinical response between the triamcinolone and bleomycin groups. Change in MVD correlated with the clinical response. Conclusion: The combination of bleomycin and triamcinolone is effective and safe for the treatment of residual hemangioma. © 2022 Journal of Cutaneous and Aesthetic Surgery.
An appraisal of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF): the dynamic molecule of wound healing and its current clinical applications
(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2022) Aakansha Giri Goswami; Somprakas Basu; Farhanul Huda; Jayanti Pant; Amrita Ghosh Kar; Tuhina Banerjee; Vijay Kumar Shukla
Angiogenesis is a critical step of wound healing, and its failure leads to chronic wounds. The idea of restoring blood flow to the damaged tissues by promoting neo-angiogenesis is lucrative and has been researched extensively. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a key dynamic molecule of angiogenesis has been investigated for its functions. In this review, we aim to appraise its biology, the comprehensive role of this dynamic molecule in the wound healing process, and how this knowledge has been translated in clinical application in various types of wounds. Although, most laboratory research on the use of VEGF is promising, its clinical applications have not met great expectations. We discuss various lacunae that might exist in making its clinical application unsuccessful for commercial use, and provide insight to the foundation for future research. © 2022 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
Association of haplotype and linkage disequilibrium of PARP1 polymorphisms rs1136410, rs1805405 and rs3219088 with gallbladder cancer
(Elsevier B.V., 2023) Kumari Anjali; Tarun Kumar; Amrita Ghosh Kar; Puneet Kumar; Gopeshwar Narayan; Sunita Singh
Background: Previously, we have reported that PARP1 rs1136410 is significantly associated with increased the risk of gallbladder cancer. Aim: We aimed to investigate the association of PARP1 rs1805405 and rs3219088 polymorphisms with risk of GBC and also association of the haplotype and combined effect of PARP1 SNPs (rs1805405 G/A, rs3219088 G/T and rs1136410 A/G). We have also investigated the expression profile of PARP1 and its correlation with polymorphisms, clinical parameters and overall survival. Methods: PARP1 polymorphisms were genotyped by PCR-RFLP and the expression profile of PARP1 at mRNA level was analyzed by semi-quantitative PCR. Overall survival was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier plot and Cox-regression analysis. Results: Haplotype analysis of the PARP1 polymorphisms revealed that AGG, AAG and GGT haplotypes are significantly associated with decreased risk of GBC, while AAT, AGT, GGG and GAG haplotypes are significantly associated with increased risk of GBC. Patients with T1+T2 and treated with chemotherapy having risk genotypes of rs1805405 have decreased overall survival. Upregulation of PARP1 is significantly associated with longer overall survival in patients with GBC with different clinical parameters. SNPs rs1136410 and rs1805405 genotypes are significantly associated with PARP1 expression. Conclusion: Haplotype analysis suggests that PARP1 may have a potential role in gallbladder carcinogenesis. © 2022 Editrice Gastroenterologica Italiana S.r.l.
Clinical Significance of Overexpression of Oct4 in Advanced Stage Gallbladder Carcinoma
(Springer, 2023) Deepika Singh; Dipanjan Biswas; Mallika Tewari; Amrita Ghosh Kar; Mumtaz Ahmad Ansari; Sunita Singh; Gopeshwar Narayan
Background: Oct4 has critical role in maintaining pluripotency, proliferative potential, and self-renewal capacity in embryonic stem and germ cells. Although Oct4 has been shown to be upregulated in many cancers, its clinical significance in gallbladder carcinoma is poorly understood. Methods: We studied the expression profile of Oct4 in 61 GBC and 30 chronic cholecystitis (as control) using real time RT-PCR, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. The expression data was correlated with clinico-pathological parameters. The diagnostic utility was assessed through ROC curve, and prognostic value was analyzed by Kaplan–Meier method. Results: Oct4 was significantly upregulated at mRNA as well as protein levels. The higher mRNA expression shows significant association with late stage, late T stage, and higher grade of tumor. A significant positive correlation was also observed with stage, T stage, and tumor grade. Sum score analysis of protein expression shows positive correlation with stage and the presence or absence of gallstone in tumor samples. The ROC curve analysis revealed the moderate diagnostic potential of Oct4. Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that patients having higher expression of Oct4 were having low mean survival compared with the patients with lower Oct4 expression. Conclusion: In conclusion, our data suggests that higher expression of Oct4 may serve as potential biological indicator for tumor aggressiveness and poor prognosis of GBC. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
Effect of agonist and antagonist on the in vitro contractility of inflamed vermiform appendix
(Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, 2017) Phani Bhushan Singh; Pushpakant Tiwary; Sanjeev K Singh; Ratna Pandey; Atanu Roy; Amrita Ghosh Kar; Somprakas Basu; Anil Kumar Tiwari
Introduction: Appendicitis poses a great health problem worldwide. Previous studies demonstrated structural damage to neuronal network and interstitial cell of Cajal in appendicitis. Above observations suggest for the alterations in appendicular motility/contractility in appendicitis. But the mechanisms involved in mediating the contractility in inflamed vermiform appendix is not known till date. Aim: The present in vitro study was performed to find out the mechanisms responsible for contractility in the inflamed human vermiform appendix. Materials and Methods: Contractions of the longitudinal muscle strips of inflamed appendix were recorded in vitro at 37±0.5°C. Control contractions were recorded for 30 min after an initial tension of 0.5 gram. Initially dose-response experiments of agonists (acetylcholine, serotonin and histamine) were performed separately and the dose that produced maximum contraction was determined with each agonist. This maximal dose of agonist was used to elicit contractions in next series of experiments before and after pre-treatment with appropriate antagonists like atropine, ondansetron (5-HT3 antagonist) and chlorpheniramine maleate respectively. Results: Acetylcholine (ACh) and serotonin (5-HT) elicited maximum amplitude of contraction at 10 µM and 1 µM concentration respectively. These contractions were significantly blocked by prior exposure of muscle strips with atropine (100 µM) and ondansetron (10 µM). Histamine produced very low amplitude of contractions in comparison to ACh or 5-HT and did not exhibit dose-response relations. The histamine induced contractions were blocked by H1 antagonist chlorpheniramine maleate (100 µM). Conclusion: The observations suggested that the contractility of longitudinal muscle strips of inflamed vermiform appendix in human beings was predominantly mediated by muscarinic and serotonergic (5-HT3) mechanisms, whereas, histaminergic mechanisms played a minor role in mediating the contractility. © 2017, Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research. All rights reserved.
Epidemiological Study of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Patients in North Indian Population: a Hospital-Based Study
(Springer India, 2017) Mekhla Gupta; Seema Khanna; Mohan Kumar; Amrita Ghosh Kar; S.K. Gupta
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for 10–25% of all breast tumors. This makes it more difficult to treat, so triple-negative cancers often require targeted therapies. We studied the prevalence of TNBC in a hospital-based study and compared the clinicopathological characteristics of triple-negative and non-triple-negative breast tumors. One hundred three patients were included in the study that underwent modified radical mastectomy. The procedure of immunostaining was performed using formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections. These sections were stained immunohistochemically for ER, PR, and HER2 neu by using ready-to-use monoclonal antibody detection system with 3′-3′ diaminobenzidine hydrochloride (DAB) as chromogen. Of all 103 patients, 35 (34%) were triple negative. The average age of patients of TNBC and non-TNBC group was found as 44.16 and 40.73 years, respectively. Patients of post-menopausal state were higher than premenopausal in TNBC (22/35; 62%) and non-TNBC groups (45/68; 66%). Further, TNBC patients reported at clinically early stages I and II (18/35; 51.4%) while non-TNBC patients predominantly reported at later stages III and IV (44/68; 64.7%). It was also observed that breast tumor size in majority of the patients in both groups lies between 2 to 5 cm (TNBC = 23/35; 65.7% and non-TNBC = 35/68; 51.5%). Lymph node metastases were present in 51.5% (18/35) cases in TNBC patients and 64.7% (44/68) cases in non-TNBC group. Despite the limitation of less number of breast cancer cases, we analyzed that TNBC tumors have aggressive clinical values than non-TNBC, though having no statistically significant difference between the prognostic clinical parameters of two groups. © 2017, Indian Association of Surgical Oncology.
Evaluation of Estrogen Receptor, Progesterone Receptor, and Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 Status Before and After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer Patients
(Springer, 2021) Adarsh Verma; Amrita Ghosh Kar; Ram Niwas Meena; S.C.U. Patne; Shashi Prakash Mishra; Seema Khanna; Rahul Khanna
Evaluation of expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2/neu) receptor was carried out on 80 breast cancer patients before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). No differences in expression were noted in 89% with reference to ER, 95% with reference to PR, and 91% with reference to HER2/neu status. A change in receptor status from positive to negative was noted in 12% for ER, 5% for PR, and 21% for HER2/neu after NAC. A negative to positive shift was noted in 11% for ER, 4% for PR, and 4% for HER2/neu after NAC. The possible reasons ascribed for change in receptor status after NAC are as follows: (1) Selection of chemoresistant clones with different receptor expression after NAC. (2) Tumor heterogeneity with variable receptor expression in different areas. (3) Ovarian suppression during NAC leading to alteration in receptor expression. (4) Technical considerations such as staining techniques and intra-observer and inter-observer differences in IHC slide interpretation before and after NAC. © 2020, Association of Surgeons of India.
Expression of poly(Adenosine Diphosphate-Ribose) polymerase protein in breast cancer
(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2022) Akanksha; Shashi Prakash Mishra; Amrita Ghosh Kar; J.S. Karthik; Aviral Srivastava; Rahul Khanna; Ram Niwas Meena
Background: The use of poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors for breast cancer (BC) therapy is the subject of debate, and there is an urgent need to understand much the expression and prognostic role of the PARP1 protein. In this study, we have compared the expression of PARP between BC and benign breast disease (BBD) patients and also analyzed the association of PARP expression with clinicopathological parameters in BC. Methods: The study consists of 30 patients with newly diagnosed operable BC who were planned for surgery without neoadjuvant chemotherapy and 15 patients of BBD as a control between 2019 and 2021. Immunohistochemical analyses were performed prospectively on tissue samples. Anti-human PARP1 rabbit polyclonal antibody gives strong nuclear positivity. Internal control was the adipose tissue and the BBD acted as the external control. PARP1 expression was evaluated using the multiplicative quickscore method. Results: The mean age for BC patients was 51.30 ± 10.694 years (range: 25-75 years) while BBD was below 30 years. Overexpression of PARP was present in 25 (83.3%) and weak expression in 5 (16.7%) of BC patients compared to BBD, only 2 (13.3%) patients demonstrated an overexpression of PARP, and 13 (86.6%) patients showed weak expression which showed significant association (P < 0.001). In BC, nuclear PARP (nPARP) overexpression was seen in 22 (73.3%) patients and weak expression of nPARP in 8 (26.7%), whereas 5 (16.7%) patients showed cytoplasmic overexpression. On comparing expression of PARP with clinicopathological parameters, PARP overexpression was significantly associated with older population (age >50 years) (P = 0.002), postmenopausal women (P = 0.029), higher TNM stage (Stage II and III) (P = 0.014), higher histological grade (grade 2) (P = 0.043), and presence of lymphovascular invasion (P = 0.015). Enhanced PARP1 expression is closely correlated with positive estrogen receptor status (P = 0.001) and PR status (P = 0.001). Overall PARP and nPARP overexpression was significantly associated with ER- (P = 0.006 and P = 0.008) and PR-positive (P = 0.006 and P = 0.008) patients. The PARP and nPARP overexpression was significantly associated with nontriple-negative BC patients (P = 0.001 and P = 0.001). Conclusion: We have not come across any study in the literature to compare PARP expression in BC and BBD patients. On the basis of our observations, we concluded that PARP overexpression is a poor prognostic marker in BC. © 2022 Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications. All rights reserved.
Frequent Downregulation and Promoter Hypermethylation of DLC1: Relationship with Clinical Outcome in Gallbladder Cancer
(Springer, 2022) Deepika Singh; Amisha Bharti; Dipanjan Biswas; Mallika Tewari; Amrita Ghosh Kar; Mumtaz Ahmed Ansari; Sunita Singh; Gopeshwar Narayan
Introduction: Down regulation of DLC1 is associated with poor prognosis in many cancers, however, its role in gallbladder cancer (GBC) is still unclear. In present study, we investigated the expression profile and promoter methylation status of DLC1. Methods: Expression profiles of DLC1 in 55 GBC and their paired adjacent control samples were analyzed through real time RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. The mRNA data was correlated with clinico-pathological parameters. Promoter hypermethylation was analyzed through MSP. Results: DLC1 shows downregulation in 76.4%, upregulation in 10.9% whereas no change in 12.7% of GBC samples. Its underexpression shows significant correlation with tumor grade and nodal spread. IHC shows cytoplasmic expression of DLC1 in normal as well as tumor samples. IHC result was concordant to mRNA result. Samples having downregulated DLC1 expression show heterozygous methylation in 83.3% of samples and homozygous methylation in 9.5% of samples whereas 7% of samples have no methylation. Kaplan–Meier analysis shows patient with decreased mRNA of DLC1 have significant low mean survival compared to patients with higher mRNA expression of DLC1. Conclusion: Our findings suggested that dysregulated expression of DLC1 and its hypermethylation may be one of the events playing roles in tumorigenesis of GBC and may serve as a potential target for development of future GBC gene therapy. © 2021, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
Frequent promoter hypermethylation and down regulation of BNIP3: An early event during gallbladder cancer progression
(Elsevier B.V., 2022) Amisha Bharti; Amrita Ghosh Kar; Deepika Singh; Mumtaz Ahmad Ansari; Mallika Tewari; Gopeshwar Narayan; Sunita Singh
Background: Epigenetic alterations have been reported as one of the risk factors of gallbladder cancer. Promoter hypermethylation is associated with high incidence and poor prognosis of GBC. Bcl-2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa interacting protein 3 is a pro-apoptotic protein member of Bcl-2 family. Aims: Present study was aimed to investigate expression profile and promoter methylation status of BNIP3 in GBC and its correlation with clinico-pathological parameters. Methods: The expression analysis and methylation status of BNIP3 was performed by semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction respectively in 84 GBC patients and 29 gallstone tissues (used as normal controls). Results: We demonstrate down regulation of BNIP3 in 56% of the GBC samples. BNIP3 promoter is also frequently hypermethylated (69%) in GBC samples. Interestingly, we found that 69% (40/58) of the BNIP3 promoter hypermethylated samples had also reduced expression of BNIP3. Our data demonstrate significant correlation of the mRNA expression and promoter hypermethylation with late stage and nodal metastasis. Hypermethylation of BNIP3 promoter is associated with low overall survival period. Conclusion: Our results suggest that promoter hypermethylation is an early event and can be a frequent mechanism for downregulation of BNIP3 in GBC. © 2022
Giant congenital melanocytic nevus associated with lipoma in an Indian man
(BMJ Publishing Group, 2019) Apoorva Agarwal; Neeraj Dhameja; Amrita Ghosh Kar
Congenital melanocytic nevus is a inborn melanocytic proliferation either present since birth or soon afterward and shows characteristic histopathological features comprising proliferation of benign melanocytes and extension of nevus cells into the deep reticular dermis and subcutis. We report the case of a 35-year-old male patient who presented with a progressively enlarging soft tissue mass in bilateral flank region. High-resolution ultrasound imaging showed multiple lipomatous masses within the soft tissues on the either flank region. Subsequent excision of the soft tissue mass showed a well-circumscribed lipomatous lesion with diffuse infiltration by benign appearing melanocytes within the fat lobules established by immunohistochemistry, which was positive for HMB45 and S100. This case serves to illustrate the initial diagnostic challenge in a male patient as well as the plasticity of the neural crest cells. © 2019 BMJ Publishing Group Limited. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.
Impact of Dual‑coated Silver Nanoparticle and Antibiotic Sutures on Wound Healing in Inflammatory Mouse Models
(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2024) Vaibhav Pandey; Amit Gupta; Indra Singh Choudhary; Mohammad Imran; Shyam Lal Mudavath; Amrita Ghosh Kar; Ruchira Nandan
Background: The use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in biomedicine has emerged in a big way owing to its antibacterial and anti‑inflammatory properties. We hypothesize that combining the AgNPs with antibiotics for coating sutures will enhance the antibacterial property of sutures with the added advantage of the immunomodulatory effect of AgNPs on tissue healing. Materials and Methods: Polyglactin sutures were coated with AgNPs using the dip‑coating method. The uniform coating and morphology of AgNPs on the suture surface were confirmed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Each type of suture – polyglactin plain, antibiotic coated (Triclosan), AgNP coated, and dually coated (antibiotic and AgNP) – was assessed for their antibacterial properties against Gram‑positive bacteria, Gram‑negative bacteria, and anaerobes. These sutures were utilized in an abdominal and systemic inflammatory mice model for ileal anastomosis. The intestinal tissue was evaluated for acute and chronic inflammation and collagen deposition to assess the healing and inflammatory response. Results: The SEM and energy dispersive X‑ray analysis showed successful coating of AgNPs on plain and antibiotic‑coated sutures. In comparison with the other groups, the dually coated suture had the best in vitro antibacterial efficacy. The AgNP‑coated sutures were able to decrease both acute and chronic inflammatory cell infiltration, but the collagen synthesis and deposition were enhanced. Conclusion: AgNPs can be coated on Polyglactin suture either alone or in combination with antibiotics with preserved antibacterial effects. The dual coating of sutures gives a synergistic antibacterial effect. The AgNP diminishes immune response in the presence of preserved extracellular matrix generation. © 2024 Journal of Indian Association of Pediatric Surgeons.
Integrated use of contrast-enhanced and grey-scale ultrasound in assigning American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging–Reporting and Data System scores for characterisation of thyroid nodules: A prospective observational study
(SAGE Publications Ltd, 2024) Ashish Verma; Adith Krishna K; Ishan Kumar; Pramod Kumar Singh; Amrita Ghosh Kar; Neeraj Kumar Agrawal
Background: The advent and increased use of high-resolution ultrasonography has resulted in improved detection of thyroid nodules. Even with the use of various Thyroid Imaging–Reporting and Data System, accurate imaging diagnosis of malignant thyroid nodules has been suboptimal, which necessitated use of newer modalities like contrast-enhanced ultrasonography alone and in combination for this purpose. Although the combined use of various Thyroid Imaging–Reporting and Data System and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography has turned out to be accurate in many studies, the ideal way to integrate contrast-enhanced ultrasonography into the Thyroid Imaging–Reporting and Data System algorithm is under-investigated. Purpose: To estimate and compare the diagnostic accuracy of American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging–Reporting and Data System and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in differentiating benign and malignant nodules alone and in combination. To estimate the diagnostic accuracy of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in re-categorisation of Thyroid Imaging–Reporting and Data System 3 and Thyroid Imaging–Reporting and Data System 4 thyroid nodules. Materials and methods: This was a prospective cohort study performed in a tertiary care university–based hospital for 3 years. Adult patients with clinical or previous sonographic diagnosis of thyroid nodules were selected. Each of the nodules were assessed using ultrasonography and categorised using American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging–Reporting and Data System criteria. The lesion was then assessed for contrast-enhanced ultrasonography features. The final diagnosis of the nodules was made using fine needle aspiration cytology. The diagnostic accuracy in diagnosis of malignant thyroid nodules for each of the American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging–Reporting and Data System and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography alone and in combination was assessed. The diagnostic accuracy of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in diagnosis of malignant thyroid nodules categorised as Thyroid Imaging–Reporting and Data System 3 and Thyroid Imaging–Reporting and Data System 4 was also assessed. Results: American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging–Reporting and Data System had a sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, positive predictive value and diagnostic accuracy of 86.6%, 54.5%, 17.4%, 97.3% and 57.7%, respectively, in diagnosis of malignant thyroid nodules. Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography had a sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, positive predictive value and diagnostic accuracy of 86.6%, 95.4%, 67.9%, 98.4% and 94.4%, respectively, in diagnosis of malignant thyroid nodules. Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography had sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, positive predictive value and diagnostic accuracy of 93.3%, 100.0%, 100.0%, 99.2% and 99.3%, respectively, in re-categorisation of Thyroid Imaging–Reporting and Data System 3 and Thyroid Imaging–Reporting and Data System 4 nodules. Conclusion: Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography can play a key role in diagnosis of malignant thyroid nodules which are categorised as indeterminate on grey-scale ultrasound. © The Author(s) 2024.
Inverted-Y Ureteric Duplication With Paraureteric Diverticulum Presenting With Bladder Outlet Obstruction in an Infant- A Diagnostic Dilemma
(Elsevier Inc., 2023) Sunil Kumar Singh Gaur; Maharani Adhikari; Akash Mishra; Deepak Kumar; Amrita Ghosh Kar; Shivi Jain; Sarita Chawdhary; Kanika Sharma
The ectopic ureter and paraureteric diverticulum are 2 known common urological anomalies of pediatric patients. Another rare entity is inverted-Y ureteric duplication. We report a case of a 3-month-old boy presented with bladder outlet obstruction, where surgical excision of large bladder diverticulum with left ureter and small kidney was done. Histopathology confirmed the presence of inverted-Y ureteric duplication with left dysplastic kidney. The report defines the first case of infantile bladder outlet obstruction having the co-existing congenital genitourinary anomaly of inverted Y-partial ureteric duplication with obstructive ectopic ureter and ipsilateral paraureteric diverticula. © 2022 Elsevier Inc.
Isolated tuberculosis of the ampulla of Vater masquerading as periampullary carcinoma: A case report
(2009) Mallika Tewari; Raghvendra Raman Mishra; Vinay Kumar; Amrita Ghosh Kar; Hari S. Shukla
Context: Isolated tuberculosis of the ampulla of Vater has not yet been reported. The clinical features of isolated periampullary tuberculosis are at times similar to those seen in patients with periampullary carcinoma. Diagnosis is difficult, and biopsy and culture of the suspected lesion are often negative for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Case report: We herein describe one such case masquerading as periampullary carcinoma in a 70-year-old woman. Due to comorbid conditions only a local excision of the ampulla was carried out. Histopathology revealed giant cells in the absence of caseation necrosis and the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was proven using the polymerase chain reaction. Conclusion: Isolated tuberculosis of ampulla of Vater is extremely rare but must be kept in mind when making the differential diagnosis of isolated ampullary lesion.
MoS2-Modified Curcumin Nanostructures: The Novel Theranostic Hybrid Having Potent Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activities against Multidrug-Resistant Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae
(American Chemical Society, 2019) Ashish Kumar Singh; Himanshu Mishra; Zeba Firdaus; Shivangi Yadav; Prerana Aditi; Nabarun Nandy; Kavyanjali Sharma; Priyanka Bose; Akhilesh Kumar Pandey; Brijesh Singh Chauhan; Kaushik Neogi; Kunwar Vikram; Anchal Srivastava; Amrita Ghosh Kar; Pradyot Prakash
The recent emergence of hypervirulent clinical variants of Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKP) causing community-acquired, invasive, metastatic, life-threatening infections of lungs, pleura, prostate, bones, joints, kidneys, spleen, muscles, soft-tissues, skin, eyes, central nervous system (CNS) including extrahepatic abscesses, and primary bacteremia even in healthy individuals has posed stern challenges before the existing treatment modalities. There is therefore an urgent need to look for specific and effective therapeutic alternatives against the said bacterial infection or recurrence. A new type of MoS2-modified curcumin nanostructure has been developed and evaluated as a potential alternative for the treatment of multidrug-resistant isolates. The curcumin quantum particles have been fabricated with MoS2 via a seed-mediated hydrothermal method, and the resulting MoS2-modified curcumin nanostructures (MQCs) have been subsequently tested for their antibacterial and antibiofilm properties against hypervirulent multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates. In the present study, we found MQCs inhibiting the bacterial growth at a minimal concentration of 0.0156 μg/mL, while complete inhibition of bacterial growth was evinced at concentration 0.125 μg/mL. Besides, we also investigated their biocompatibility both in vitro and in vivo. MQCs were found to be nontoxic to the SiHa cells at a dose as high as 1024 μg/mL on the basis of the tested adhesion, spreading of the cells, and also on the various serological, biochemical, and histological investigations of the vital organs and blood of the Charles Foster Rat. These results suggest that MQCs have potent antimicrobial activities against hvKP and other drug resistant isolates and therefore may be used as broad spectrum antibacterial and antibiofilm agents. Copyright © 2019 American Chemical Society.
Nested multiplex PCR detection of human papillomavirus 16 and 18 in pre-invasive lesions and its implication in screening of carcinoma cervix
(2014) Pradyot Prakash; Shivesh Singh; Charul Dhakad; Sulekha Pandey; Mohan Kumar; Laxmi Kant Pandey; Amrita Ghosh Kar; Gopal Nath; Anil Kumar Gulati
Introduction: Carcinoma cervix is a preventable disease and is caused by certain high risk Papillomaviruses. In the present study, our aim was to investigate the utility of nested multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction in detecting HPV 16 and 18 in cervical scrapes/biopsy samples and to correlate with cervical cytology/ histopathology findngs. Methods: A total of 119 females were subjected for Papanicolaou smear examination of cervical scrapes and/ or histopathological examination of cervical tissues. These samples were also subjected to nested multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction targeting HPV 16/ 18 specific E6/7 gene sequences. Results: HPV 16/18 were detected in 33.6% (40/119) cases included in the study. The overall HPV 16/ 18 positivity among cases with Negative for Intraepithelial Lesion or Malignancy, Low grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion, and High grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion was observed to be 20.8%, 44%, and 66.7% respectively. Positivity for HPV 16 in cases with SCC was found to be 80%. HPV positivity among subjects reported with reactive cellular changes, a sub category of Negative for Intraepithelial Lesion or Malignancy, was observed to be 26.6%. Conclusion: HPV 16 and 18 positivity in cases reported with different stages of pre invasive lesions of carcinoma cervix, particularly in the subcategory reactive cellular changes of Negative for Intraepithelial Lesion or Malignancy, indicates that NMPCR detection of HPV 16/ 18 may be used as a screening tool for carcinoma cervix in conjunction with Papanicolaou smear examination.
Nested PCR for detection and typing of rare high risk human papilloma viruses like genotype 73 associated with carcinoma cervix
(Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, 2018) Nidhi Gupta; Pradyot Prakash; Amrita Ghosh Kar; Nisha Rani Agrawal
Introduction: There are 15 high risk genotypes of Human Papilloma Viruses (HPV) which are associated with Carcinoma Cervix (CaCx), of which genotype 16 and 18 are the commonest. Aim: To evaluate nested multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) protocol for simultaneous detection of HPV, and typing of high risk genotypes mainly genotypes 16 and 18 in cervical scrape/biopsy samples. Materials and Methods: This prospective cohort study was done on 63 females in the age group 21-70 years attending outpatient Department of Gynaecology, Sir Sunderlal Hospital, BHU, Uttar Pradesh, India from March 2015 to August 2016. Cervical biopsy (n=14) and cervical scrape (n=49) samples from 63 females were subjected to histopathology/cytology and nested multiplex PCR for detection and typing of HPV. Further, in HPV positive tissue samples, in which virus was not typed as genotype 16 and 18, 142 bp consensus sequence of L1 capsid gene was amplified by nested PCR employing MY/GP+ primers and subjected for sequencing to ascertain the HPV genotypes. Results: On histological examination, 13 (92.8%) out of 14 biopsies were diagnosed as cases of Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC). Of the 13 cases of SCC of uterine cervix, all were HPV positive and yielded either 134 bp L1 capsid amplicons (n=12) or HPV 16 specific amplicon (n=1). On subjecting cervical scrape samples for the PCR, 24.3%, 100%, 57.1%, and 66.7 % cases with Negative for Intraepithelial Lesion or Malignancy (NILM), Atypical Squamous Cells of Undetermined Significance (ASCUS), Low Grade Intraepithelial Lesion (LSIL), and High Grade Intraepithelial Lesion (HSIL) respectively were positive for HPV. Conclusion: Detection of High Risk HPVs (HR HPV) in all the tissue samples of SCC of uterine cervix indicates the usefulness of the nested multiplex PCR protocol in detection and typing of HPVs in tissue samples of CaCx. Further, this protocol may be used to detect HPVs in scrape samples along with cervical cytology as a tool for screening CaCx. © 2018, Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research. All rights reserved.
Primary rectal teratoma
(2008) Deborshi Sharma; Sanjeev Kumar; Ashutosh Tandon; Amrita Ghosh Kar; Mohan Kumar; V.K. Shukla
[No abstract available]
The effect of Pauttika honey and Orlistat on Histological Evaluations of Liver, Kidney and Adipose tissue in high-fat diet-induced Obesity in Charles Foster male rats
(Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, 2023) Veena; Vandana Verma; Amrita Ghosh Kar; T.B. Singh; Santosh Kumar Singh
Background: Honey's weight-reducing, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, and hepatoprotective properties have been demonstrated. Orlistat, a FDA-approved medicine for obesity control, have adverse effects. Honey is a rich source of nutrients with antiobesity (Medohara) and sacrificant (lekhan) qualities, which help to reduce Pitta, Kapha, and Medas; is suggested in diabetic control. In this study, Pauttika honey is studied against biochemical markers and histological manifestations in visceral organs of high-fat diet-induced obese Charles Foster rats. No research was identified on the effect of Pauttika honey (a specific kind of honey described in Ayurveda) on obese rats' liver, kidney, and adipose tissues. An article on the biochemical analysis of this honey (new and old) has been already published. Objective: Evaluate the effects of Pauttika honey and Orlistat on high-fat diet-induced fatty changes in obese Charles Foster rats. Methods: This study examines male Charles Foster rat histopathological alterations. 24 male Charles Foster rats with a mean weight of 181±15gm were divided into four groups of six. High-fat diets (HFD) for 8 weeks caused obesity in three groups. After that, Pauttika honey mixed with equal amounts of water (Madudaka) and Orlistat were given to two groups for 6 weeks. The HFD was maintained throughout the experiment, except in the NC group, which ate standard chow. On the last day of the 14th week, the animals were sacrificed and the Liver, kidney, heart, spleen, and lungs were weighed. The liver, kidney, and adipose tissues were preserved in 10% formalin for histopathology. Results: Rats’ relative organ weight (ROW) showed no significant alterations. Histology of liver tissues showed micro and macro steatosis and ballooning degeneration in the HFD group, while Pauttika honey and orlistat both showed improvement in fatty changes but it was better in the Pauttika group. Kidney and adipose tissues showed no morphological or structural abnormalities. Conclusion: This study shows that Pauttika honey mixed with water (Madudaka) protects the livers of obese rats. Histology suggests Pauttika honey is efficacious and safer than Orlistat for HFD-induced obesity. © RJPT All right reserved.