Browsing by Author "Devendra Kumar Pandey"

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Application of CRISPR/Cas system in optimizing nutrients and anti-nutrients content in fruits
(Springer, 2024) Protha Biswas; Mimosa Ghorai; Samapika Nandy; Potshangbam Nongdam; Devendra Kumar Pandey; Padmanabh Dwivedi; Mahipal S Shekhawat; Abhijit Dey
From time immemorial, fruits are taken by human as staple food which are rich in nutrients like vitamins, carbohydrates, minerals, dietary fibres and many other nutrients which are mainly secondary metabolites that have pharmaceutical potentials and can combat many diseases like cardiovascular disease, hypertension etc. and can also act as antioxidants. People are cultivating fruit plants for fulfilling their need as food, or for increasing commercial value. Conventional breeding technologies are highly laborious and complicated so researchers are discovering targeted genome editing technologies which are efficient, faster and cost effective. In recent years, research into gene editing using sequence-specific nucleases, such as CRISPR/Cas ribonucleoproteins, has drawn invaluable attention in plant science and it has greatly advanced the breeding for plants due to its simplicity and high efficiency. In this review, we are discussing the CRISPR/Cas technology, its application in fruits to optimize the nutrient and antinutrient content, bottlenecks, and future prospects. © The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Society for Plant Research 2023.
Biotechnological interventions and genetic diversity assessment in Swertia sp.: a myriad source of valuable secondary metabolites
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2021) Prabhjot Kaur; Devendra Kumar Pandey; R.C. Gupta; Vijay Kumar; Padmanabh Dwivedi; Rupa Sanyal; Abhijit Dey
Abstract: The genus Swertia (Family: Gentianaceae) has cosmopolitan distribution which is present in almost all the continents except South America and Australia. Swertia genus has been renowned as one of the potent herbal drugs in the British, American, and Chinese Pharmacopeias as well as well-documented in the Indian traditional medicinal systems, viz. Ayurveda, Siddha, and Unani. Many species of this genus have therapeutic properties and have been used traditionally in the treatment of a number of health ailments viz. hepatitis, diabetes, inflammation, bacillary dysentery, cancer, malaria, fever etc. This genus is industrially important medicinal plant that has been used as a principal component in numerous marketed herbal/ polyherbal formulations. Medicinal usage of Swertia is endorsed to the miscellaneous compounds viz. xanthones, irridoids, seco-irridoids, and triterpenoids. A chain of systematic isolation of bio-active compounds and their diverse range of pharmacological effects during last 15–20 years proved this genus as industrially important plant. Due to the various practices of the Swertia species, annual demand is more than 100 tons per year for this important herb which is continuously increasing 10% annually. The market value rises 10% by the year as there is increased demand in national and international market resulted in adulteration of many Swertia spp. due to paucity of agricultural practices, exomorphological, phytochemical, and molecular characterization. Thus, efficient biotechnology methods are prerequisite for the mass production of authentic species, sustainable production of bio-active compounds and ex situ conservation. A chain of systematic biotechnological interventions in Swertia herb during last 20 years cover the assessment of genetic diversity, in vitro sustainable production of bio-active compounds and mass propagation of elite genotypes via direct and indirect organogenesis. This review attempts to present the comprehensive assessment on biotechnological process made in Swertia over the past few years. Key points: • Critical and updated assessment on biotechnological aspects of Swertia spp. • In vitro propagation and genetic diversity assessment in Swertia spp. • Biosynthesis and sustainable production of secondary metabolites in Swertia spp. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
Biotechnological interventions of in vitro propagation and production of valuable secondary metabolites in Stevia rebaudiana
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2021) Shahnawaz; Devendra Kumar Pandey; Merinashwari Konjengbam; Padmanabh Dwivedi; Prabhjot Kaur; Vijay Kumar; Durga Ray; Puja Ray; Romaan Nazir; Harmeet Kaur; Sidharth Parida; Abhijit Dey
Abstract: Plant cell and tissue culture makes provision of a sustainable and nature-friendly strategy for the production of secondary metabolites, and modern progress in gene editing and genome engineering provides novel possibilities to improve both the qualitative and quantitative aspects of such phytochemicals. The ever-expanding quest for plant-based medicine to treat diabetes facilitates large-scale cultivation of Stevia rebaudiana to enhance the yield of its much-coveted low-calorie sweetener glycosides. The potential to process stevia as a “natural” product should enhance the acceptance of steviosides as a natural calorie-free sweetener especially suitable for use in diabetic and weight control drinks and foods. Besides sweetener agents, S. rebaudiana is a potent source of many antioxidant compounds and is used to cure immunodeficiencies, neurologic disorders, inflammation, diabetes mellitus, Parkinson’s disease, and Alzheimer’s disease. This comprehensive review presents the research outcomes of the many biotechnological interventions implicated to upscale the yield of steviol glycosides and its derivatives in in vitro cell, callus, tissue, and organ cultures with notes on the use of bioreactor and genetic engineering in relation to the production of these valuable compounds in S. rebaudiana. Key points: • Critical and updated assessment on sustainable production of steviol glycosides from Stevia rebaudiana. • In vitro propagation of S. rebaudiana and elicitation of steviol glycosides production. • Genetic fidelity and diversity assessment of S. rebaudiana using molecular markers. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
Biotechnological strategies for production of camptothecin from fungal and bacterial endophytes
(Elsevier B.V., 2020) Prabhjot Kaur; Vijay Kumar; Ranjit Singh; Padmanabh Dwivedi; Abhijit Dey; Devendra Kumar Pandey
The horrifying impact of emergence of cancer as an endemic disease worldwide associated with accelerated mortality rate caused significant boost in anticancer drug discovery. The most successful broad spectrum anti-neoplastic monoterpene indole alkaloid camptothecin (CPT) is the product of such natural product based therapeutic approach. This promising anticancer compound, currently approved against cancer, was first isolated from Camptotheca acuminata of Nyssaceae family and was reported as a potent inhibitor of eukaryotic topoisomerase I. Despite its continuous success under clinical studies, low accumulation, slow growth and over-exploitation of Camptotheca acuminata, high extraction cost, complex nature of total, semi and chemical synthesis has failed to meet the industrial demand. As an alternative bio-prospecting route, fermentation of endophytic microbial culture and co-culture of CPT producing plant cell suspension with endophytes have evolved. Endophytes are reported for their contribution in plant growth, disease resistance, stress tolerance and agricultural productivity which may have contributed to scale up the CPT production. This review sums up the current trend in endophytic microbes-based CPT biosynthesis and biotechnological strategies for optimization of CPT yield. Moreover, interaction of endophytic fungi with different host plants under experimental variables, their mode of elicitation, possibility of microbial strain improvement via application of biotechnological strategies and respective lacunas are also being elucidated. © 2020
Biotechnological strategies for the sustainable production of diosgenin from Dioscorea spp.
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2021) Romaan Nazir; Vijay Kumar; Suphala Gupta; Padmanabh Dwivedi; Devendra Kumar Pandey; Abhijit Dey
Abstract: Diosgenin is a plant-derived secondary metabolite mainly present in the members of the plant family Dioscoreaceae. It is a pharmaceutically important compound because of its anti-cancerous, anti-diabetic, anticoagulant, anti-thrombosis, anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, anti-ageing and other properties. Biotechnology provides an opportunity to genetically manipulate cells, tissues, organs or the whole organisms by propagating them in vitro in order to harvest the bioactive compounds. Diosgenin production from botanical sources is being improved by in vitro techniques which include elicitation, genetic transformations and bioconversions. Various techniques have been developed to obtain compounds for drug detection including separation from plants and other natural sources, molecular modelling, synthetic chemistry and combinatorial chemistry. Development in molecular markers determines genetic relationship, genetic linkage map construction, genetic diversity and identification. For rapid clonal propagation and ex situ conservation, the in vitro tools involving plant cell, tissue and organ culture have been well documented for plant-derived diosgenin production. The present review encompasses the wide application of the biotechnological techniques for diosgenin production via elucidating its biosynthetic pathway, in vitro production and mass propagation and elicitation. In addition, molecular marker-mediated diversity assessment of diosgenin containing plant species is also discussed. The review also presents the recent literature to explore the limitations of the relevant studies and future direction of research on production of diosgenin from Dioscorea spp. Key points: • Critical and updated assessment on sustainable production of diosgenin from Dioscorea spp. • In vitro propagation of Dioscorea spp. and elicitation of diosgenin production. • Diversity assessment of Dioscorea spp. using molecular markers. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.] © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH, DE part of Springer Nature.
Biotechnology for micropropagation and camptothecin production in Ophiorrhiza sp.
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2022) Devendra Kumar Pandey; Merinashwari Konjengbam; Mimosa Ghorai; Padmanabh Dwivedi; Debleena Roy; Nishi Kant; A. Gangaprasad; Abhijit Dey
Abstract: Camptothecin (CPT) is a monoterpenoid-alkaloid, an anticancer compound from plant. Ever since its discovery in 1996 from the bark of Camptotheca acuminata, various researches have been conducted for enhancing its production. CPT has also been reported in several other species belonging to the plant families Icacinaceae, Rubiaceae, Apocynaceae, Nyssaceae, Betulaceae, Violaceae, Meliaceae, and Gelseminaceae. Out of these, Ophiorrhiza sp. (Rubiaceae) is the next possible candidate for sustainable CPT production after C. acuminata and Nothapodytes nimoonia. Various biotechnological-studies have been conducted on Ophiorrhiza sp. for searching the elite species and the most optimal strategies for CPT production. The genus Ophiorrhiza has been used as medicines for antiviral, antifungal, antimalarial, and anticancer activities. Phytochemical analysis has revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, triterpenes, and CPT from the plant. Because of the presence of CPT and its herbaceous habit, Ophiorrhiza sp. has now become a hot topic in research area. Currently, for mass production of the elite spp., tissue culture techniques have been implemented. In the past decades, several researchers have contributed on the diversity assessment, phytochemical analysis, mass production, and in vitro production of CPT in Ophiorrhiza sp. In this paper, we review the on the biotechnological strategies, optimal culture medium, micropropagation of Ophiorrhiza sp., effect of PGR on shoot formation, rhizogenesis, callus formation, and enhanced production of CPT for commercial use. Key points: • Latest literature on in vitro propagation of Ophiorrhiza sp. • Biotechnological production of camptothecin and related compounds • Optimization, elicitation, and transgenic studies in Ophiorrhiza sp. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
Brassinosteroids and their analogs: Feedback in plants under in vitro condition
(Elsevier B.V., 2021) Ankita Singh; Padmanabh Dwivedi; Vijay Kumar; Devendra Kumar Pandey
Brassinosteroids (BRs) are the sixth important plant hormones that induce their effect at micro-level concentration. The importance of its analogous under in vitro condition for many studies includes the study of response in plants aimed at improving various developmental, physiological, morphological, biochemical processes without the involvement of climatic factors, nutrients and diseases. BR improves and increases regeneration and multiplication rate by induction of callus growth, somatic embryos, tracheary elements, shoot elongation, formation of 2embryogenic tissue, stimulation of branch elongation, etc. These provide rapid disease-free clonal propagation of improved varieties within less time and space. BRs improve photosynthetic processes, antioxidant enzymes activities, synthetic seed production and elicitation of secondary metabolites production. Most importantly, it provides resistance from abiotic stresses, for example, oxidative and salinity stress. This review summarizes role of brassinosteroid and its various analogs in improving different morphological, physiological and biochemical attributes in various crop plants grown in vitro, both under normal as well as abiotic stress conditions. © 2021 SAAB
Corrigendum to “Screening of elite germplasms for industrially valuable medicinal crop Stevia rebaudiana for stevioside and rebaudioside A production: An HPTLC-linked chemotaxonomic assessment” (South African Journal of Botany (2022) 150 (1159–1167), (S0254629922004823), (10.1016/j.sajb.2022.09.004))
(Elsevier B.V., 2023) Shah Nawaz; Prabhjot Kaur; Merinaswari Konjengbam; Vijay Kumar; R.C. Gupta; Padmanabh Dwivedi; Babita Patni; Babita Pandey; Abhijit Dey; Devendra Kumar Pandey
The authors regret that the incorrect Fig. 3 was published in the original article. The correct Fig. 3 is provided herein and this will not affect the results and conclusion of the manuscript. The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused. © 2023 South African Association of Botanists
CRISPR/Cas Genome Editing in Engineering Plant Secondary Metabolites of Therapeutic Benefits
(Springer Nature, 2022) Tuyelee Das; Mimosa Ghorai; Devendra Kumar Pandey; Radha; Mamta Thakur; Sonia Rathour; Abdel Rahman Al-Tawaha; Ercan Bursal; Vinay Kumar; Potshangbam Nongdam; Mahipal S. Shekhawat; Gaber El-Saber Batiha; Arabinda Ghosh; Padmanabh Dwivedi; Manoj Kumar; Abhijit Dey
Plants hold the ability to produce wide types of bioactive secondary metabolites. Having emerged in the pregenomic era, increasingly more biosynthetic genes are being discovered in plants, leading to the discovery of new types of bioactive secondary metabolites. Utilisation of classical techniques is limited that hampers the discovery of pharmacologically important secondary metabolites. However, the development of CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)/Cas (CRISPR associated protein)-based tools may alleviate this impasse. This chapter briefly presents existing information about the CRISPR/Cas9 system, and by what implies it was engineered to enhance important secondary metabolite production in plants. CRISPR/Cas systems have been among the most versatile genome editing tools available, revolutionising molecular biology. This chapter intends to highlight and discuss the lasting challenges of CRISPR/Cas-based genome editing and the improvement of secondary metabolite amount in plant natural product engineering. The plants canvassed in this chapter include Atropa belladonna, Brassica napus, Camelina sativa, Dendrobium officinale, Dioscorea zingiberensis, Glycine max, Humulus lupulus, Papaver somniferum and Salvia miltiorrhiza. Additionally, we highlight the prospects of using CRISPR/Cas in plant secondary metabolite engineering. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2022.
Current knowledge of Cinnamomum species: A review on the bioactive components, pharmacological properties, analytical and biotechnological studies
(Springer Singapore, 2020) Devendra Kumar Pandey; Ronni Chaudhary; Abhijit Dey; Samapika Nandy; R.M. Banik; Tabarak Malik; Padmanabh Dwivedi
Cinnamon (Ceylon cinnamon or true cinnamon) is a popular, expensive aromatic condiment and flavoring agent cum medicinal plant that houses a major number of pharmaceutically active aromatic essential oils and its principal compound cinnamaldehyde, and its derivatives cinnamic acid, cinnamate, etc. In addition to its culinary use, in ancient Ayurvedic texts as well as in folkloric medicine, this plant and precisely the bark and bark powder have been reported as a remedy for respiratory, digestive, and gynecological ailments. It has been evaluated clinically and preclinically for its prominent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, anticancer, lipid-lowering, and cardio-and neuroprotective efficacies. Commercially this plant is highly valued in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry. We have summarized the recent relevant scientific evidence on the botanic characterization, distribution, traditional uses, pharmacological activities, phytochemistry, qualitative and quantitative estimation and extraction of important secondary metabolites, genetic diversity assessment, biotechnological breakthroughs, cultivation, and propagation along with industrial application and clinical studies of Cinnamon species to assess future perspectives for Cinnamon as a pharmacologically leading genus of interest. Secondary metabolite extraction, isolation, and identification using HPTLC, LC-MS, HPLC, and GC-MS, along with genetic diversity assessment through molecular markers and biotechnological advancement (in vitro culture, embryo rescue, genetic transformation, molecular marker-based polymorphism assessment) contributing collectively to cinnamon improvement programs, are conclusively studied and reported in association with phytochemical and pharmacological discoveries via clinical and preclinical trials. The implementation of collective knowledge of research in areas of chemical biology, biotechnology, and pharmacology will directly benefit cost-effective breeding and cultivation program and establishment of encyclopedic database on various fields associated with Cinnamon research, aid in selection of industrially profitable elite germplasm with improved screening and harvesting protocols for Cinnamon-derived components, and elucidate a vast role of Cinnamon as an integral compound of complementary and alternative medicine. © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020.
Endophytes associated with boswellia species: Developments and prospects
(Apple Academic Press, 2023) Champa Keya Tudu; Abdel Rahman Al-Tawaha; Samapika Nandy; Mahipal S. Shekhawat; Ercan Bursal; Mimosa Ghorai; Vartika Jain; Potshangbam Nongdam; Gaber El-Saber Batiha; Padmanabh Dwivedi; Tabarak Malik; Devendra Kumar Pandey; Mallappa Kumara Swamy; Rupa Sanyal; Abhijit Dey
The mutual aid between endophytes and their host floras allows changes in plant physiological and metabolic functions. Endophytic fungi interact with their host plants by means of diverse modes of action that mainly involve controlling various physiological and mechanical mechanisms for their better endurance. They establish a vital niche within the host plants by secreting chemical components. The association of endophytes with Boswellia species has been well discovered and researched. Several fungi associated with twigs, leaves, and stems of Boswellia species have been reported. Maximum research studies described endophytic microbes associated with B. sacra and B. serrata. The microbial endophyte community of Boswellia species is kind of less. Endophytic fungal strains, such as Penicillium citrinum, P. spinulosum, Alternaria alternata, Fusarium oxysporum, Aspergillus caespitosus, Preussia sp., Phoma medicaginis, Thielavia arenaria, Dothideomycetes sp., Aureobasidium sp., etc., have been recognized using genomic DNA extraction, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification, DNA sequencing, and phylogenetic investigation. Several of them were identified to produce secondary metabolites, and few produced different kinds of extracellular enzymes like phosphatase, cellulases, zylanase, etc. Likewise, different phytohormones, such as auxins secreted by endophytes associated with Boswellia species improved the plant growth dynamics and physiology. In addition, they have significantly enhanced the development of phyllospheric parts of Boswellia species, and improved tolerance against pathogenic attacks. This chapter aims to elucidate the diversity of endophytic microbe in Boswellia species and their beneficial role in the plant growth and development. © 2023 Apple Academic Press, Inc. All rights reserved.
Evaluation of sodium nitroprusside and putrescine on polyethylene glycol induced drought stress in Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni under in vitro condition
(Elsevier B.V., 2020) Navin Pradhan; Pallavi Singh; Padmanabh Dwivedi; Devendra Kumar Pandey
The present work aimed to regenerate Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni under in vitro drought condition induced by different concentrations (0%, 5%, 10 % and 15 %) of polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000, and to investigate the mitigating effect of sodium nitroprusside (SNP; nitric oxide donor) and putrescine in relation to efficient multiplication. Varying concentrations of SNP (50, 100, 250 and 500 μM) and putrescine (0.05, 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 mM), used singly or in combination in the MS medium, along with best selected concentration of plant growth regulator (kinetin 0.2 mg l−1) under in vitro drought imposed by 10 % PEG were taken for studies at 20, 40 and 60 days after inoculation (DAI). The best response with maximum values on the basis of morphological parameters was recorded; number of shoot and number of leaves were observed in half strength MS media supplemented with combination of both SNP and putrescine treatment i.e. SNP 100 μM + putrescine 0.05 mM followed by other treatments as compared to remaining treatments as well as control (10 % PEG only). On the basis of present investigation, it is concluded that in vitro drought stress significantly reduced the number of shoot, length of shoot (cm), number of leaves, number of roots, length of root (cm) and survival percentage. However, treatment with SNP and putrescine, alone or in combination, alleviated the negative impacts of drought stress up to a great extent. The production of more number of stevia leaves even under drought condition as a result of ameliorative treatment with SNP and putrescine has implication in R&D industries to target for production of maximum content of stevioside and rebaudioside, key principles in treating diabetes, if there is an increase in their content. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.
Exploring the role of elicitors in enhancing medicinal values of plants under in vitro condition
(Elsevier B.V., 2022) Akankhya Guru; Padmanabh Dwivedi; Prabhjot Kaur; Devendra Kumar Pandey
Plants have been scrutinized as the great repository of various natural compounds referred to as secondary metabolites. Secondary metabolites possess diverse organic effects that uplift the usage of medicinal herbs by humans. In vitro culture system, being a promising and efficient platform for the production of plant bioactive products has been gaining prominence throughout the world. However, it's difficult to produce a large quantity of secondary metabolites from differentiated or undifferentiated cultures of plants. To avoid such obstructions, a promising biotechnological tool, ‘elicitation’ has been in use for the last four decades. There has been successful employment of various types of abiotic and biotic elicitors in culture media to elicit pharmacologically important plant secondary metabolites and their release to the culture medium. These in vitro established plants of high medicinal value have sustained many changes at distinct levels of morpho-physiology, biochemistry and gene expression, responding to elicitors' application. This review aims at understanding the mechanism of improving the medicinal attributes of in vitro plants through the elicitation strategy. Besides, this also highlights the contribution of some elicitors in relation to significant morphological, biochemical and metabolic variations in culture medium and stress tolerance under aseptically controlled conditions. © 2021 SAAB
Identification of elite species of Ophiorrhiza utilizing HPTLC analysis and camptothecin as a phytochemical marker: Assessment of extraction effectiveness and organ selection
(Elsevier Ltd, 2023) Merinashwari Konjengbam; Vijay Kumar; Padmanabh Dwivedi; A. Gangaprasad; Abhijit Dey; Devendra Kumar Pandey
Objective: The main objective of this experiment is to find the camptothecin (CPT) content in different parts of three Ophiorrhiza spp. Methods: In this study, three species of Ophiorrhiza viz., O.mungos L., O. hirsutula Wight ex Hook. f. and O.rugosa var prostrata (D.Don) Deb & Mondal were taken. Different parts of plant sample such as inflorescence, leaf, stem, and roots were extracted in methanol (100mg/10 ml w/v) using microwave and screened for camptothecin content by High-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC). After the selection of elite species different extraction techniques such as Maceration, Hot water bath extraction, Microwave assisted extraction (MAE), and Ultrasonic assisted extraction (UAE) were performed on the elite species for optimization of extraction technique. Results: High performance thin layer chromatography confirmed the presence of camptothecin in all three species. Highest was observed in O.mungos(0.37%) followed by O.hirsutula(0.11%) and a negligible amount in O.rugosa var prostrata(0.001%). Ultrasonic assisted extraction (UAE) method showed the best results in O.mungos leaves. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd
IMPROVED GROWTH AND COLCHICINE CONCENTRATION IN GLORIOSA SUPERBA ON MYCORRHIZAL INOCULATION SUPPLEMENTED WITH PHOSPHORUS-FERTILIZER
(African Traditional, Herbal Medicine Supporters Initiative, 2014) Devendra Kumar Pandey; Tabarak Malik; Abhijit Dey; Joginder Singh; R.M. Banik
Background: Gloriosa superba produces an array of alkaloids including colchicine, a compound of interest in the treatment of various diseases. The tuber of Gloriosa superba is a rich source of colchicine which has shown anti-gout, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor activity. However, this promising compound remains expensive and Gloriosa superba is such a good source in global scale. Increase in yield of naturally occurring colchicine is an important area of investigation. Materials and Methods: The effects of inoculation by four arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM), fungi, Glomus mossae, Glomus fasciculatum, Gigaspora margarita and Gigaspora gilmorei either alone or supplemented with P-fertilizer, on colchicine concentration in Gloriosa superba were studied. The concentration of colchicine was determined by high-performance thin layer chromatography. Results: The four fungi significantly increased concentration of colchicine in the herb. Although there was significant increase in concentration of colchicine in non-mycorrhizal P-fertilized plants as compared to control, the extent of the increase was less compared to mycorrhizal plants grown with or without P-fertilization. This suggests that the increase in colchicine concentration may not be entirely attributed to enhanced P-nutrition and improved growth. Among the four AM fungi Glomus mossae was found to be best. The total colchicine content of plant (mg / plant) was significantly high in plants inoculated with Glomus mossae and 25 mg kg-1phosphorus fertilizer (348.9 mg /plant) while the control contain least colchicine (177.87 mg / plant). Conclusion: The study suggests a potential role of AM fungi in improving the concentration of colchicine in Gloriosa superba tuber. © 2014, African Traditional, Herbal Medicine Supporters Initiative. All rights reserved.
In vitro propagation and assessment of genetic fidelity in Dioscorea deltoidea, a potent diosgenin yielding endangered plant
(Elsevier B.V., 2021) Romaan Nazir; Suphla Gupta; Abhijit Dey; Vijay Kumar; Muzamil Yousuf; Shahnawaz Hussain; Padmanabh Dwivedi; Devendra Kumar Pandey
Dioscorea deltoidea (Family: Dioscoreaceae) is a high value endangered medicinal plant and the source of pharmaceutically important bioactive compound diosgenin, which is used in the synthesis of steroidal drugs. Establishing an efficient reproducible regeneration system is necessary for its sustainable utilization and conservation. The purpose of this research was to establish an effective and efficient in vitro regeneration protocol for D. deltoidea and assess its genetic and biochemical fidelity. In this report, Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium fortified with different types and concentration of Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs) were studied. Maximum shoot regeneration frequency was achieved in MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg L − 1 BA whereas higher shoot multiplication was observed in 2.0 mg L − 1 BA + 1.0 mg L − 1 IBA. Highest rooting was recovered on MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg L − 1 NAA. In vitro rooted plantlets were acclimatized with a survival rate of 96%. The genetic fidelity of the mother plant (MP), acclimatized plant (AP) and in vitro regenerants were found to be clonally similar as examined through ISSR fingerprinting. Of 7 ISSR primers tested, 5 produced scorable amplified products. The High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) based chemical assessment showed varied chemical profile. The developed protocol would be beneficial in providing a germplasm conservation system, isolation of secondary metabolites and production of high value clonal regenerants for commercial production. © 2020 SAAB
In vitro propagation, genetic and phytochemical fidelity in Glycyrrhiza glabra L., a potent glycyrrhizin yielding endangered plant
(Springer, 2022) Nokcha Wati Ayangla; Padmanabh Dwivedi; Abhijit Dey; Devendra Kumar Pandey
Glycyrrhiza glabra L. or licorice (Family: Fabaceae) is one of the most significant herb or under-shrub recognised for its extensive use in herbal medicines and formulations for a myriad of illnesses. This plant is one among those plants harvested destructively, as the most important compound glycyrrhizin is obtained from the stolons or rhizomes. The latter ultimately jeopardises the quality of phytochemical content as well as species’ sustainability. With this view, the present study was embarked to establish a simple and efficient regeneration protocol using Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) as the basal media with varying concentrations of plant growth regulators (PGRs). Further, genetic integrity by inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) assay and phytochemical fidelity by high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) were evaluated. Nodal explants were used for direct organogenesis. Best frequency of shoot induction was observed in MS + 1.5 mg/L BAP with 96.45%. Highest shoot multiplication was obtained in MS + 1.5 mg/L BAP + 0.50 mg/L IBA that exhibited 99.74% response. The effect of half media strength (HMS) + 1.0 mg/L IBA, fortified with 5% sucrose gave the highest response rate of 92.36%. The regenerated plantlets exhibited a survival rate of 92%. Furthermore, ISSR based technique confirmed genetic fidelity, suggesting a true-to-type regenerants, analogous to the parent plant, without any somaclonal variation. Glycyrrhizin content in roots of in vitro regenerants (0.076%) was comparable to parent roots (0.0752%) as obtained from HPTLC, signifying biochemical integrity. The proposed in vitro procedure could be valuable for qualitative sustainability of the glycyrrhizin-producing G. glabra Linn. © 2022, The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Archana Sharma Foundation of Calcutta.
Mitigation of heat stress responses in crops using nitrate primed seeds
(Elsevier B.V., 2021) Vivek Kumar; Padmanabh Dwivedi; Prasann Kumar; Bansh Narayan Singh; Devendra Kumar Pandey; Vijay Kumar; Bandana Bose
Exhaustion of natural sources due to expanding usage leads to an increase in global temperature. Heat stress and rising CO2 severely impact crop growth and catastrophic loss of agriculture ecosystem, productivity and quality. The physiological and metabolic processes of plants are affected by heat stress due to denatured proteins, lipid structure, alteration in membrane integrity and inactivation of enzymes incurred at various growth stages. To diminish heat stress losses in plants, many techniques such as conventional breeding, genetic engineering, molecular breeding were used by the agriculturists, which helped develop tolerant varieties of crops with increased quality and production. Recent advancement in seed priming has many fold impacts such as mitigation of stress via improving tolerance mechanisms in plants, reduction in soil and water pollution, improved production and food quality of important agriculture crops. It is one of the low-cost, reliable and profitable crop improvement techniques. Nitrates have several roles in modulating the plant processes. Priming with nitrate salts improves nitrate reductase and amylase activity, nitrogen, amino acid and chlorophyll content in leaves, causes increase in proline, sugar content, antioxidant metabolism, grain yield, protein and nutrient content in various crops. Despite positive responses of nitrate seed priming, this technology has been less applied in the area of crop production in the field condition. Considering these facts, this review depicts responses of the plants under heat stress and their management through nitrate seed priming. © 2021 SAAB
Optimization of diosgenin extraction from Dioscorea deltoidea tubers using response surface methodology and artificial neural network modelling
(Public Library of Science, 2021) Romaan Nazir; Devendra Kumar Pandey; Babita Pandey; Vijay Kumar; Padmanabh Dwivedi; Aditya Khampariya; Abhijit Dey; Tabarak Malik
Introduction Dioscorea deltoidea var. deltoidea (Dioscoreaceae) is a valuable endangered plant of great medicinal and economic importance due to the presence of the bioactive compound diosgenin. In the present study, response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN) modelling have been implemented to evaluate the diosgenin content from D. deltoidea. In addition, different extraction parameters have been also optimized and developed. Materials and methods Firstly, Plackett-Burman design (PBD) was applied for screening the significant variables among the selected extraction parameters i.e. solvent composition, solid: Solvent ratio, particle size, time, temperature, pH and extraction cycles on diosgenin yield. Among seven tested parameters only four parameters (particle size, solid: Solvent ratio, time and temperature) were found to exert significant effect on the diosgenin extraction. Moreover, Box-Behnken design (BBD) was employed to optimize the significant extraction parameters for maximum diosgenin yield. Results The most suitable condition for diosgenin extraction was found to be solid: Solvent ratio (1:45), particle size (1.25 mm), time (45 min) and temperature (45°C). The maximum experimental yield of diosgenin (1.204% dry weight) was observed close to the predicted value (1.202% dry weight) on the basis of the chosen optimal extraction factors. The developed mathematical model fitted well with experimental data for diosgenin extraction. Conclusions Experimental validation revealed that a well trained ANN model has superior performance compared to a RSM model. © 2021 Nazir et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Recent advances and future prospects of indole alkaloids producing endophytes from Catharanthus roseus
(Elsevier, 2021) Prabhjot Kaur; Abhijit Dey; Vijay Kumar; Padmanabh Dwivedi; R.M. Banik; Ranjit Singh; Devendra Kumar Pandey
Endophytes play a vital role in the survival of host plants by aiding defense responses by producing bioactive compounds similar to their host plants. To fulfill the ever-increasing demand for herbal drugs to cure human ailments, researchers are searching for the various sources of bioactive compounds besides medicinal plants. It was reported that in the international market, the demand of 3 kg dry leaves are required) to develop powerful plant-derived anticancer drugs. In this regard, this review aims to highlight the endophytes residing in Catharanthus roseus (family: Apocynaceae), capable of synthesizing indole alkaloids, vinblastine, vincristine, vindoline, vinflunine, vincamine, ajmalicine, ajmaline, serpentine, and reserpine used to control cancer, diabetes, malaria, vascular dementia, cardiac diseases, etc. In the search to fulfill the demand, there is urgent need to develop an efficient method of isolation, identification of endophytes, and the down-streaming process for more efficient and sustainable production of vinca alkaloids from endophytic fungus for the cancer treatment products. Microbial fermentation by optimizing media composition, precursors, inducers, and the metabolic bypass inhibitors would be a promising method in the production of vinca alkaloids at industrial scale. Furthermore, different biotechnological strategies such as gene cloning, gene transformation, and mutations can widely be used on endophytic fungi and bacteria in order to increase the productivity of the vinca alkaloids. Thus, advancements in science and technology have increased the extraction yield from vinca alkaloid producing endophytes, thereby improving the overall efficiency of alkaloid production. © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.