Browsing by Author "K.K. Pandey"

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Acoustical investigations of uranium chalcogenides
(2009) R.K. Singh; K.K. Pandey; M.P. Singh; R.P. Singh
Ultrasonic attenuation due to phonon-phonon interaction and thermoelastic loss was evaluated in uranium chalcogenides viz. UX, X= S, Se, Te in fcc phase in the temperature range 50-600 K for longitudinal and shear waves along the <100>, <110> and <111> directions of propagation. Electrostatic and Born-Mayer repulsive potentials were used to obtain second and third order elastic constants, taking the nearest neighbour distance and hardness parameter as the input data. Second and third order elastic constants (obtained at various temperatures) were used to obtain the Gruneisen parameters and non-linearity or anisotropy parameters, which in turn were used to evaluate the ultrasonic attenuation coefficient over the frequency square due to phonon-phonon interaction, (α/f2)p-p in the Akhiezer regime. It has been found that at lower temperatures α/f2 increases rapidly with temperature, and at higher temperatures the rate of increase becomes small. Contribution to the total attenuation due to thermoelastic loss is negligible in comparison with that of phonon-phonon interaction, i.e. a major part of the energy from the sound wave is removed, due to interaction of acoustic phonons with thermal phonons (lattice vibrations).
Estimating rainfall-runoff modeling using the rainfall prognostic model-based artificial framework with a well-ordered selective genetic algorithm
(IWA Publishing, 2022) Shailesh Kumar; K.K. Pandey; Sunil Kumar; Sunidhi Supriya
Rainfall-runoff modeling is one of the most well-known applications of hydrology. The goal of rainfall-runoff modeling is to simulate the peak river flow caused by an actual or hypothetical rainfall force. In existing methods, the rainfall-runoff relationships are quantified to predict the daily streamflow of each catchment from its landscape attributes to measure the daily rainfall. However, the structural model error, infiltration rate, and the steep slopes of the hill affect the prediction process. To tackle these issues, this paper proposed a novel rainfall prognostic model-based artificial framework, which predicts day-to-day rainfall to prevent environmental disasters. The day-to-day predictions minimize the risks to life and property and also manage the agricultural farms in a better way because the possibility of rainfall has been estimated earlier. Furthermore, the posterior fire-breathing network is utilized to estimate model errors in the computational runoff by using timedependent and random noise to the model's internal storage to solve the uncertainty problem. Since the model errors are estimated, there are limits to the infiltration rate and thus a prophetic multilayer network is utilized which relies on the soil runoff levels. Moreover, the network measures the dynamics of soil moisture to regulate the infiltration rate according to the rural or urban section. Moreover, to measure the surface water from the steep slopes, the system offered a well-ordered selective genetic algorithm to calculate the velocity of runoff in different bend areas to overcome the numerical problem. Thus, the model results showed that the work effectively predicts the rainfall from the investigation of model errors, infiltration rates, and velocity to achieve a better prediction range in the rainfall. © 2022 The Authors.
Fungicidal control of Brinjal leaf spot caused by Alternaria alternata
(2000) K.K. Pandey; S.N. Vishwakarma; H.S. Chaube
Nine fungicides, viz., mancozeb, zineb, thiram, captafol, captan, folpet, chlorothalonil, copper oxychloride and dithianon were evaluated for the control of leaf spot disease of brinjal. Among the fungicides tested in vitro chlorothalonil, thiram and mancozeb inhibited spore germination completely at 500 ppm. Thiram and copper oxychloride were effective and reduced radial growth of the fungus at 1000 ppm followed by captan and captafol which were statistically at par with each other. In field trials, mancozeb @ 0.2%, sprayed 4 times at 10 day intervals was superior among the fungicides tested. It reduced disease severity by 65.26% over control. The next best fungicides were dithianon, thiram, folpet and zineb where disease severity varied from 63.03 to 63.91 per cent. Significantly increased yield (129.00 to 197.29%) were achieved in the plots sprayed with mancozeb, zineb, dithianon, thiram and chlorothalonil. However, mancozeb was the most economical fungicide by giving a net profit of Rs. 10,853/- per hectare.
Management of COVID-19: Ayurvedic perspective
(National Institute of Science Communication and Information Resources, 2020) Y.B. Tripathi; N. Joshi; S.K. Dubey; P.S. Byadgi; S. Bhat; R. Prasad; B.K. Dwivedi; K.K. Pandey; J.S. Tripathi; C.S. Pandey; K.H.H.V.S.S.N. Murthy; S. Suman; A.K. Pandey; V. Srivastava; V. Jaisawal; K.N. Dwivedi
Ayurveda, a branch of AYUSH system of health care in India is considered as alternative/complementary of medicine (CAM) in WHO. Here, its products are covered under “drug and cosmetics” act but in abroad they are supplements or functional foods. The aim of Ayurveda is to maintain the wellness of a healthy person and to treat a patient. For treatment, Ayurveda adopts 3 approaches i.e., (1) Daivavyapasharya chikitsa) (ypareht enivid 2 ( Yuktivyapashraya chikitsa (Rational therapy) 3 Satvavajaya chikitsa (Psychotherapy) and focuses to enhance the Vyadhikshmatwa (capacity to fight against spread of pathogenesis by strengthening all 7 dhatus (rasa, rakta, meda, mansa, asthi, majja and shukra). The disease COVID-19 falls under “Bhootvidya (GrahaVidya)", which is one of the 8 branches of “Astanga Ayurveda”. It is an “Agantuja” disease, where the disease symptoms appear in 1st stage followed by its spread in the body. Thus, progress of disease (Samprapti) has been considered under concept of shatkriyakala (6 stages of disease development), which has been given high importance for deciding the stage of disease progress and its treatment protocol. Here, we have described the introduction to Astang Ayurveda, concept of disease pathogenesis and holistic approach of treatment in respect to management of COVID-19. It specifically covers symptom based stage of disease progress and its targeted treatment guideline by including all 3 approaches of treatment, described above. Here, the current line of diagnosis, treatment and research related to COVID-19 management has been included, which are reported by basic scientists and physicians of allopathic system. These are indexed in Pubmed and web of science and also described in classical text books of Ayurveda. The same has been reviewed and summarized here, with an objective of possible correlation between the 2 languages of science of health care. © 2020, National Institute of Science Communication and Information Resources. All rights reserved.
RAPD based genetic diversity among different isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici and their comparative biocontrol
(2010) K.K. Mishra; Ashish Kumar; K.K. Pandey
Fusarium wilt of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum Mill.) caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Sacc.) W. C. Snyder and H. N. Hans (Fol.), is most serious and versatile pathogen. Chemical control of disease is not satisfactory and biological control is an attractive and potential alternative to the use of chemicals to control fusarium wilt of tomato. No any bioagent is universally effective everywhere therefore, search for potential biocontrol agent is continuous process and mandatory for several and individual ecological niches. In this experiment biocontrol efficacy of five species of Aspergillus and five species of Trichoderma were evaluated in vitro against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. In both the experiments (dual culture and culture filtrates) T. harzianum was found to be highly effective against the isolates of Fol. followed by A. niger biocontrol potential of A. terreus is least among all the isolates tested. Culture filtrates obtained from A. luchuensis exerted least inhibition of Fol. The most sensitive isolate of Fol. against all the antagonists tested was identified as IIVR-2 (Fol. 9). Inherent diversity among Fol. isolates, from different tomato growing regions in India, was determined using RAPD primers. The genetic similarity coefficients ranged from 0. 20 to 0. 96, indicating that no any two or more isolates were 100% similar. RAPD profiles revealed up to 20% genetic diversity among ten isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2009.
Sound attenuation at high temperatures in Pt
(Polish Academy of Sciences, 2006) R.K. Singh; K.K. Pandey
Ultrasonic attenuation due to phonon-phonon interaction and thermoelastic loss was evaluated in VIII group transition metal Pt in a wide temperature range (100 K to 1500 K) for longitudinal and shear waves along (100), (110) and (111) directions and for shear waves polarised along different directions. Electrostatic and Born-Mayer potentials were used to obtain second and third order elastic constants, taking nearest-neighbour distance and hardness parameter as input data. Second and third order elastic constants data obtained at different temperatures were used to obtain Gruneisen parameters and non-linearity or anisotropy parameters which in turn were used to evaluate (α/f2)l and (α/f2) in Akhiezer regime. The results were discussed and it was found that at lower temperatures (α/f2) increases rapidly with temperature and then rate of increase becomes very small. Contribution to the total attenuation due to thermoelastic loss is negligible so that due to phonon-phonon interaction establishing that major part of energy from sound wave is removed due to interaction with thermal phonons (lattice vibrations).
Synthesis of 1-aryl-2-mercapto-4-aryl-1,6-dihydro-1,3,5-triazine-6-thione and their latentiation products as antithyroidal agent
(1995) S. Mehrotra; P.K. Roychowdhury; K.K. Pandey; P.K. Srivastava
Two new 1-aryl-2-benzylmercapto-4-aryl-1,6-dihydro-1,3,5-triazine-6-thiones have been synthesized by known methods (Goerdeler et al., 1967). These triazines on treatment with thiourea as dealkylating agent, in acidic medium afforded the corresponding 1-aryl-2-mercapto-4-aryl-1,6-dihydro-1,3,5-triazine-6-thione whch on further reaction with different α, β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds and aryl-cyanamide hydrochloride afforded the related adducts. Some of these compounds show appreciable antithyroidal activity. © 1995 The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea.
Ultrasonic behaviour of nanocrystalline Ni3Fe (15 nm)
(2006) R.K. Singh; K.K. Pandey
Ultrasonic attenuation due to phonon-phonon interaction, thermoelastic loss and dislocation damping due to screw and edge dislocations have been evaluated in nanocrystalline Ni3Fe (15nm), for longitudinal and shear waves, along <100>, <110> and <111> crystallographic directions of propagation and for various polarization directions. It has been found that ultrasonic behaviour of nanocrystalline face centred cubic resembles that of fcc bulk phase alloys and it has been found that like metallic alloys, contribution to total attenuation due to thermoclastic loss is negligible in comparison to attenuation due to phonon-phonon interaction. © 2006 IACS.
Wild taxa of Okra (Abelmoschus Species): Reservoir of genes for resistance to biotic stresses
(International Society for Horticultural Science, 2007) B. Singh; Mathura Rai; G. Kalloo; S. Satpathy; K.K. Pandey
Eight Abelmoschus species occur in India. out of these, A. esculentus is the only known cultivated species. A. moschatus occur as wild species and is also cultivated for its aromatic seeds, while the rest six are truly wild types. The wild species occupy diverse habitats. The species A. ficulneus and A. tuberculatus spread over semi arid tracts of north and northwestern; A. crinitus, A. manihot and A. tetraphyllus and A. pungens are found in Tarai ranges and foot hills of Himalayas; A. angulosus, A. moschatus, A. tetraphyllus are widely distributed throughout western and eastern ghats and also peninsular tracts of south while A. crinitus and A. pungens are distributed in north eastern region of India. Assessions resistance to Yellow Vein Mosaic Virus (YVMV) in A. manihot, A. angulosus, A. crinitus and few land races of A. tetraphyllus, for okra Enation Leaf Curl Virus (oELCV) in A. crinitus, A. angulosus and A. manihot, for powdery mildew in A. tetraphyllus and A. angulosus, for Cercospora blight in A. crinitus, A. moschatus and A. angulosus and for fruit borer tolerant in A. tuberculatus have been identified at Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi during last 14 years. High level of tolerance for mites and Jassids is found in A. angulosus and A. moschatus and A. crinitus, respectively, whereas, symptomless career to jassids has been observed in few lines of A. caillei. Wild species have not been fully utilized in breeding programmes due to crossing barrier. Resistance to YVMV is not stable in the cultivated species and frequent breakdown of resistance have been observed in developed varieties so that there is an urgent need to adopt the non-conventional method of breeding programme with combination of biotechnological tools for development of pre breeding lines resistant to biotic stresses.