Browsing by Author "Rajeev Kumar"

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5-fluorouracil induces defects in platelet function
(Carfax Publishing Company, 1999) Anand Kumar; Rajeev Kumar; Amitabh Sandilium; Jyoti Shukla; Satyajit Pradhan
Platelet factor-3 (PF3) availability and platelet aggregation to ADP (4 μmol/l) and adrenaline (1.2 μmol/l) were evaluated in patients being treated with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) for gastrointestinal malignancy. It produced a significant reduction in platelet aggregation and platelet factor-3 (PF3) availability (P < 0.001) without being associated with thrombocytopenia. The changes in platelet aggregation occurred during the first week of chemotherapy and continued with subsequent courses. This acquired abnormality may be responsible for a haemorrhagic diathesis even without obvious thrombocytopenia. Study of platelet function is important and may be considered to assess the haematological toxicity in patients being treated with systemic 5-FU therapy.
A study of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based biosensor with improved sensitivity
(Elsevier B.V., 2018) Angad S. Kushwaha; Anil Kumar; Rajeev Kumar; S.K. Srivastava
In the present study, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based biosensor with SF-10 glass prism/zinc oxide/gold/MoS2/graphene hybrid structure is reported. The angular interrogation method is used for the reflectance spectra analysis. From the spectral analysis, we study the different performance parameters like sensitivity, detection accuracy, quality parameter and electric field intensity enhancement factor (EFIEF) of the proposed SPR based biosensor. Numerical results show that the base ZnO (zinc oxide) layer which have a large real value of the dielectric constant in combination with gold, MoS2 and graphene, is responsible for enhancing the sensing performance of the proposed SPR based biosensor. The present biosensor can attain a maximum sensitivity (101.58 deg/RIU), detection accuracy (1.81) and quality parameter (15.11 RIU-1) for a large dynamic range of refractive index change from 1.33 to 1.45. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.
Apatite and zircon fission-track thermochronology constraining the interplay between tectonics, topography and exhumation, Arunachal Himalaya
(Springer, 2021) James Pebam; Vikas Adlakha; A.K. Jain; R.C. Patel; Nand Lal; S. Singh; Rajeev Kumar; Rahul Devrani
Thirty-eight new apatite and zircon fission-track ages from 26 bedrock samples vary from 2.0 ± 0.3 to 12.1 ± 1.2 Ma, and 3.3 ± 0.3 and 13.2 ± 0.7 Ma, respectively, along three transects of the Kurung, Subansiri, and Siyom Rivers, which flow across the major structures of the Arunachal Himalaya. These cooling ages reveal marked variations in millennial-scale (>105 yr) exhumation rates from 0.6 to 3.0 mm/yr. A distinct positive correlation is visible between local topographic relief, hill slopes, channel steepness, and exhumation rates. The cooling ages are younger in the northern antiformal domains and older within the synformal nappe along the mountain front. Thermal modelling and time–temperature paths suggest that zones of rapid exhumation are controlled by structural windows within the Lesser Himalaya that were developed between 8 and 6 Ma over blind Main Himalayan Thrust (MHT). This time of rapid rock uplift and major topographic change led to a two-fold increase in the exhumation rates in the northern antiformal domains than the southern front of Arunachal Himalaya. Variation in cooling ages does not correlate with the present-day precipitation pattern. Tectonics appears to be the leading factor in driving the exhumation rates and landscape evolution in the Arunachal Himalaya. © 2021, Indian Academy of Sciences.
Blockchain-based smart dairy supply chain: catching the momentum for digital transformation
(Emerald Publishing, 2025) Rajeev Kumar; Dilip Kumar
Purpose: This research attempted to establish the underlying dimensions of supply chain management practices, blockchain technology and supply chain performance in the Indian dairy industry. Additionally, the study proposes a conceptual model that shows the mediating effects of blockchain technology in the relationship between supply chain management practices and supply chain performance. Design/methodology/approach: Structural equation modelling (SEM) is incorporated to examine the proposed model using SPSS and AMOS version 24. The study population includes 119 registered Indian dairy processing units operating in Uttar Pradesh and New Delhi (source: Dairy – India). Individual registered dairy processing unit's top four executives, that is Head of the Dairy Processing Plant, Supply Chain head and Marketing Head, and IT head are chosen as the respondents of the study, which renders the sample size of 476. Judgmental sampling based on the organisation's market position and plant production capacity (i.e. one lakh litre per day) has been set as the benchmark for selecting the dairy processing units. The executives are selected as respondents as they are well-versed in the phenomenon of supply chain management practices, blockchain technology and supply chain performance compared to other staff working in the dairy industry. The data was collected from December 2021 to March 2022 through judgmental sampling. The target sample size was 476, but only 286 questionnaires were received in a completed state and were further used for analysis. Findings: Manufacturing practices, information sharing, distribution management, inventory management and blockchain technology have a significant and positive impact on supply chain performance in the Indian dairy industry. Furthermore, the research demonstrates that blockchain technology partially mediates the relationship between supply chain management practices and supply chain performance in the context of the Indian dairy industry. Research limitations/implications: This research is focused on the Indian dairy industry operating in only two states, namely New Delhi and Uttar Pradesh. More research is needed to determine whether SCM practices and the prospects for blockchain technology among channel members are universally applicable to merchants in non-dairy products. Similar investigations should be carried out on dairy industry operating in various formats and in numerous geographic locations. Further, case studies can be conducted by future researchers to learn how supply chain management methods are deployed, what precisely these practices entail and what costs and time demands are required by these practices in context of small independent retailers across different germane expanse. Originality/value: While the available literature on the research area is spread out, the influence of blockchain technology in the Indian dairy industry has not yet been sufficiently analysed. Therefore, the research article focused on exploring underlying dimensions of the constructs of supply chain management practices, blockchain technology adoption and supply chain performance in the context of the Indian dairy industry. © 2023, Emerald Publishing Limited.
Comparison of Electrocautery Versus Ultrasonic Shears in Laparoscopic Nephrectomy: a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
(Springer, 2021) Lalit Kumar; Harshit Garg; Manoj Kumar; Rishi Nayyar; Brusabhanu Nayak; Rajeev Kumar
Novel energy devices such as ultrasonic shears (US) are widely used in laparoscopic surgery due to convenience and outcomes. However, these are expensive and add to the procedure cost. Electrocautery (EC) can often provide similar surgical outcomes and existing literature in unclear on the benefits of one over the other. We conducted a randomized trial between US and EC use in laparoscopic nephrectomy. Twenty patients undergoing laparoscopic nephrectomy between January 2019 and January 2020 at our tertiary referral center were included. Patients were randomly allocated in 2 groups according to energy used, i.e., EC and US. We assessed operative time, blood loss, intra- and postoperative complications, drain output and duration, hospital stay, readmission rates within 30 days of discharge, and surgeon satisfaction with the instruments used. The mean operative time and estimated blood loss were 113 min and 170 ml in EC group while 106 min and 180 ml in US group (p > 0.05). The mean change in hematocrit values after surgery were 6.12% and 5.27% in EC and US group, respectively (p = 0.812). There were no significant differences in mean hospital stay (2.7 in EC group, 2 days in US group), drain output (35.6 ml in EC and 26.3 ml in US group), and drain duration (1.7 days in EC and 1.9 days in US group). One patient in EC group had retroperitoneal hematoma due to Veress needle injury. Similarly only 1 patient in US group had severe intraoperative bleeding requiring conversion to open procedure. Two patients in the EC group had postoperative complications, i.e., fever and purulent collection under surgical site. Electrocautery and ultrasonic shears appear to be comparable in efficacy and safety in laparoscopic nephrectomy. However larger prospective studies are required to confirm our findings. © 2020, Association of Surgeons of India.
Comprehensive analysis of wheat starch synthase III revealed existence of two copies differentially expressed under heat stress
(Akademiai Kiado ZRt., 2024) Vishnu Kumar; Bipramani Nameirakpam; Tamilarasi Murugesh; Pragya Pragya; Anurag Mishra; Sourav Panigrahi; Yaswant Kumar Pankaj; Rajeev Kumar
Starch is the most critical source of energy and constitutes 65–80% of the wheat grain. Starch synthase (SS) is a key regulator of starch metabolism. Among its five isoforms, SSIII plays a pivotal role in phytoglycogen accumulation. In wheat, it is associated with starch accumulation but is sensitive to heat stress. In silico characterization indicated two homologous copies of the TaSSIII genes (Triticum aestivum starch synthase III genes), TaSSIIIa and TaSSIIIb. TaSSIIIa shares maximum similarity with HvSSIIIa, whereas TaSSIIIb exhibits maximum similarity with OsSSIIIb. It encodes proteins with an N-terminal transit peptide, an SSIII specific domain, a C-terminal catalytic domain, and a conserved glycosyltransferase domain with variations among the homoeologs. The catalytic domain has N-glycosylation motifs, with different numbers in the two homologs. ADP glucose-binding motifs are present in the SS-CD and GT-1 domains. ADP-binding pockets are present at the C-terminus of the catalytic domains. Maximum heterogen ligands are found in TaSSIIIa1B and minimum in TaSSIIIb2B. TaSSIIIb is expressed in leaf, stem, root, spike, and grain, and in much higher amounts than TaSSIIIa. Pot-grown wheat genotypes showed heat stress-induced upregulation of the genes TaSSIIIa1D and TaSSIIIb2D in the flag leaf. The tolerant genotype showed a significantly higher fold increase in the transcript levels under heat stress. Under the stress in the field, transcript level change for TaSSIIIa1D was higher in peduncle as compared to flag leaf, and that of TaSSIIIb2D was not significantly different between tissues. Homoeologous copies of the gene have tissue and genotype-specific expression, are influenced by heat stress, and thus may play a role in the homeostasis of starch metabolism under stress. © Akadémiai Kiadó Zrt. 2024.
Comprehensive analysis of wheat starch synthase III revealed existence of two copies differentially expressed under heat stress
(Akademiai Kiado ZRt., 2025) Vishnu Kumar; Bipramani Nameirakpam; Tamilarasi Murugesh; Pragya Pragya; Anurag Mishra; Sourav Panigrahi; Yaswant Kumar Pankaj; Rajeev Kumar
Starch is the most critical source of energy and constitutes 65–80% of the wheat grain. Starch synthase (SS) is a key regulator of starch metabolism. Among its five isoforms, SSIII plays a pivotal role in phytoglycogen accumulation. In wheat, it is associated with starch accumulation but is sensitive to heat stress. In silico characterization indicated two homologous copies of the TaSSIII genes (Triticum aestivum starch synthase III genes), TaSSIIIa and TaSSIIIb. TaSSIIIa shares maximum similarity with HvSSIIIa, whereas TaSSIIIb exhibits maximum similarity with OsSSIIIb. It encodes proteins with an N-terminal transit peptide, an SSIII specific domain, a C-terminal catalytic domain, and a conserved glycosyltransferase domain with variations among the homoeologs. The catalytic domain has N-glycosylation motifs, with different numbers in the two homologs. ADP glucose-binding motifs are present in the SS-CD and GT-1 domains. ADP-binding pockets are present at the C-terminus of the catalytic domains. Maximum heterogen ligands are found in TaSSIIIa1B and minimum in TaSSIIIb2B. TaSSIIIb is expressed in leaf, stem, root, spike, and grain, and in much higher amounts than TaSSIIIa. Pot-grown wheat genotypes showed heat stress-induced upregulation of the genes TaSSIIIa1D and TaSSIIIb2D in the flag leaf. The tolerant genotype showed a significantly higher fold increase in the transcript levels under heat stress. Under the stress in the field, transcript level change for TaSSIIIa1D was higher in peduncle as compared to flag leaf, and that of TaSSIIIb2D was not significantly different between tissues. Homoeologous copies of the gene have tissue and genotype-specific expression, are influenced by heat stress, and thus may play a role in the homeostasis of starch metabolism under stress. © Akadémiai Kiadó Zrt. 2024.
CRISPR/Cas9 and Anther Culture for Precision Double Haploid Line Production in Controlled Environments
(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2024) Avinash Sharma; Himanshu Pandey; Varucha Misra; Rajeev Kumar; Amit Vashishth; V.S. Devadas; A.K. Mall; Ashutosh; Megha Raghvan; Ajith Kumar Kesavan; Vishva Deepak Chaturvedi
The development of mapping populations and quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis face constraints, in crops exhibiting male sterility and self-incompatibility under field conditions. Addressing these challenges requires the integration of advanced techniques, including the temporal alteration or excision of centromere histone H3 (CENH3) protein and the use of gene editing tools such as MATRILINEAL (MTL) knockout. Specifically, this can be achieved through Cas9/gRNA-mediated mutagenesis or Cas9/gRNA-driven promoter expression systems. These technologies offer efficient means to advance mapping populations and QTL analysis in male sterile and self-incompatible crops within controlled ecosystems. The doubled haploid (DH) mapping population, traditionally requiring 3 years of generation time via anther culture method, can now be expedited to 2–3 years of generation time using gene editing techniques within controlled environmental systems. Notably, DH mapping populations can be efficiently generated in various crops, including rice, wheat, maize, barley and oats by leveraging gene editing tools. Among these tools, the novel approach of CENH3 protein temporal alteration/excision emerges as highly efficient compared to MTL knockout using Cas9/gRNA-mediated mutation or Cas9/gRNA promoter expression. However, further investigation is warranted to optimise the regeneration of double haploid populations and enhance QTL analysis in male sterile and self-incompatible crops under controlled systems. © 2024 Wiley-VCH GmbH. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Customer purchase intention towards dairy products: An empirical study through SEM
(IGI Global, 2021) Rajeev Kumar; Dilip Kumar
The research paper attempts to understand the various parameters leading to customer purchase intention toward the dairy products. The study paper draws its insights and conclusions by using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) followed by incorporating confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) statistical technique along with using structural equation modeling (SEM). As per the outcome of the study, customer services variable comes out to most positively influence the attitudes of the consumers towards purchase intention followed by price of the product, quality of the dairy products, and last but not least, product packaging. This research paper identifies various factors which are making an impact on the customers' minds while purchasing milk and milk products. This paper carried out a review of literature in the field of customer purchase intention and dairy industry in order to understand the current practices, identify gaps, and suggest future research agendas. Copyright © 2021, IGI Global. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of IGI Global is prohibited.
Effect of Night-time Warming on Yield and Quality Attributes
(Apple Academic Press, 2024) Rajeev Kumar; Data Ram Saini; Dasari Sreekanth; T.K. Behera
The asymmetric rise in temperature, with a faster increase in daily minimum temperature than the daily maximum temperature, which creates “high night temperature” (HNT) conditions, has emerged as one of the most important limiting factors for enhancing crop production across the globe. The decrease in the yield of crops under HNT is governed by complex physiological mechanisms operating at different tissues, organs, and organizational levels. HNT leads to increased night-time respiration and triggers the deactivation of several key chloroplastic stroma enzymes that further downregulate photosynthesis in the following day and trigger leaf senescence, which ultimately limits the carbon availability to the growing parts. Apart from this, HNT also causes increased accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to increased membrane damage, ultimately leading to lower pollen viability, lower seed set, and lower yield. Moreover, HNT also affects the quality attributes of the crop end products as it has been widely reported in the case of wheat and rice that HNT causes alteration in grain composition, particularly in terms of starch and protein content, which determine the grain quality. Hence, to ensure global food security, there is an urgent need for the development of climate-resilient cultivars, which have HNT tolerance ability. © 2025 by Apple Academic Press, Inc.
Enhancement in reflection band width and omnidirectional reflection (ODR) bands in one-dimensional graded photonic crystal consisting of birefringent and dielectric materials
(Optical Society of America, 2014) Rajeev Kumar; Angad S Kushwaha; Sanjeev K. Srivastava; A. Pandey; H. Mishra
In the present paper, we theoretically investigate and study the reflection bands and ODR of onedimensional graded photonic crystal structure having alternate layers of birefringent and dielectric materials for TE and TM polarization. The graded birefringent-dielectric photonic crystal (GBDPC) structure has a linear change in the thickness of the layers while the refractive index of the layers remains constant. In order to study the reflection bands, we calculate the reflectance spectra by using the transfer matrix method (TMM). From the analysis of the reflection curve it has been observed that the reflection band width and ODR band is enhanced by using GBDPC structure in comparison to non-GBDPC and dielectric dielectric photonic crystal (DDPC) structure, without changing the other parameters (number of layers and refractive index). © OSA 2014.
Enhancement in reflection band width and omnidirectional reflection (ODR) bands in one-dimensional graded photonic crystal consisting of birefringent and dielectric materials
(Optical Society of America (OSA), 2014) Rajeev Kumar; Angad S. Kushwaha; Sanjeev K. Srivastava; A. Pandey; H. Mishra; S.K. Srivastava
In the present paper, we theoretically investigate and study the reflection bands and ODR of one-dimensional graded photonic crystal structure having alternate layers of birefringent and dielectric materials for TE and TM polarization. The graded birefringent-dielectric photonic crystal (GBDPC) structure has a linear change in the thickness of the layers while the refractive index of the layers remains constant. In order to study the reflection bands, we calculate the reflectance spectra by using the transfer matrix method (TMM). From the analysis of the reflection curve it has been observed that the reflection band width and ODR band is enhanced by using GBDPC structure in comparison to non-GBDPC and dielectric dielectric photonic crystal (DDPC) structure, without changing the other parameters (number of layers and refractive index). © OSA 2014.
Enhancement in sensitivity of graphene-based zinc oxide assisted bimetallic surface plasmon resonance (Spr) biosensor
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2018) Rajeev Kumar; Angad S. Kushwaha; Monika Srivastava; H. Mishra; S.K. Srivastava
In the present communication, a highly sensitive surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor with Kretschmann configuration having alternate layers, prism/zinc oxide/silver/gold/graphene/biomolecules (ss-DNA) is presented. The optimization of the proposed configuration has been accomplished by keeping the constant thickness of zinc oxide (32 nm), silver (32 nm), graphene (0.34 nm) layer and biomolecules (100 nm) for different values of gold layer thickness (1, 3 and 5 nm). The sensitivity of the proposed SPR biosensor has been demonstrated for a number of design parameters such as gold layer thickness, number of graphene layer, refractive index of biomolecules and the thickness of biomolecules layer. SPR biosensor with optimized geometry has greater sensitivity (66 deg/RIU) than the conventional (52 deg/RIU) as well as other graphene-based (53.2 deg/RIU) SPR biosensor. The effect of zinc oxide layer thickness on the sensitivity of SPR biosensor has also been analysed. From the analysis, it is found that the sensitivity increases significantly by increasing the thickness of zinc oxide layer. It means zinc oxide intermediate layer plays an important role to improve the sensitivity of the biosensor. The sensitivity of SPR biosensor also increases by increasing the number of graphene layer (upto nine layer). © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2018.
Evaluation of growth, yield and quality of maize as influenced by genotypes and nitrogen levels
(Bangladesh Botanical Society, 2014) Pradeep Singh; U.N. Shukla; Kaushal Kumar; Smita Singh; V. Kumar; Rajeev Kumar
Among genotypes, Dekalb 900 M Gold recorded significantly higher dry matter/plant, LAI, cobs placement height, grain yield, nitrogen content, protein content, protein yield and protein productivity than other genotypes. Leaves/plant and phytosynthetically active radiation (PAR) above canopy did not influenced by genotypes. Dry matter/plant, plant height, LAI, cobs placement height, protein content, protein yield and protein productivity exhibited higher under highest levels of nitrogen (160 kg N/ha), but at par with 120 kg N/ha. However, grain yield (6300 kg/ha) was highest under nitrogen levels of 120 kg/ha, but also at par with 160 kg N/ha (6240 kg/ha). The effect of applied nitrogen was found non-significant in respect of leaves/plant, PAR above and below canopy, photosynthetically active radiation interception and days taken to tasseling and silking.
Impact of Elevated CO2 and Temperature on Carbon Metabolism
(CRC Press, 2025) Y. Sharath Kumar Reddy; Ipsita Maiti; Shubham S. Kamlapuri; Rajeev Kumar
The middle of the 19th century showed up with a substantial increase in atmospheric CO2 levels which had consequently raised global temperature. Global temperatures can climb up an extra 1–3.7 °C if CO2 concentration touches the predicted line of 550–1000 ppm by the end of this century. The elevated CO2 and temperature significantly hamper the growth and development of plants through its direct impact on primary plant carbon metabolism i.e., photosynthesis, photorespiration and respiration as well as carbon transport and storage, respectively. The elevated temperature influences photosynthesis in complex ways where different degrees of temperature elevation approach the efficiency of the enzyme pool of photosynthetic apparatus differently showing the impacts on target yield. Moreover, different plant species exhibit varying responses to elevated temperature and CO2 levels due to the presence of different metabolic pathways. Warmer temperatures also increase metabolic rates, including respiration, which is crucial for energy production and maintenance in plants. Higher temperatures lead to higher respiration rates, altering overall carbon balance. Thus, the accuracy of predicting and mitigating the effects of climate change on global ecosystems and food security lies under the cumulative knowledge of metabolic regulation of plant carbon pools by environmental factors. © 2026 selection and editorial matter, Rajeev Kumar, Dasari Sreekanth, and P S Basavaraj; individual chapters, the contributors
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) effect on Supply Chain Performance in the dairy Industry: A Study in the Indian Context
(IGI Global, 2022) Rajeev Kumar
The technology and use of computers helped the Indian dairy industry to change its rural face and its organization. Its revolution in today’s supply chain management business validates that they are vital elements that can surely bring success for any internetworked business enterprise. Information technologies can give a business a strategic technology platform that supports electronic commerce and enterprise collaboration among the internetworked enterprise in today’s global dairy business environment. The research paper attempts to find the relationship between the information and communication technology as one of the variables of supply chain management with organizational performance which are identified as financial and market performance. Multiple regression technique has been used for the analysis in order to find the predictor variables for various performance measuring variables. The findings suggest that ICT plays a crucial role in enhancing the performance of the dairy companies in the form of increase in performance matrix indicators. © 2004 American Institute of Physics Inc.. All rights reserved.
Inheritance studies on fusarium wilt resistance in long duration pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.]
(Agricultural Research Communication Centre, 2018) Anil Kumar Singh; Dhirendra Kumar Singh; Rajeev Kumar; Mahendra Narain Singh; Ved Prakash Rai
Fusarium wilt (FW) is a major fungal disease of pigeonpea causing huge economic losses annually and breeding of FW resistant cultivars is essential as other control measures such as fungicides are expensive and harmful to environment. To understand the inheritance of FW resistance, nine populations each of F 1 , F 2 and BCSF 1 (F 1 × susceptible parent) derived from crossing between three adopted but susceptible long duration pigeonpea cultivars (MA-6, MAL-13 and MAL-18) with three FW resistant lines (BSMR-846, BWR-23 and BDN-2029). All F 1 plants were resistant to FW indicating the dominance of resistance. The χ 2 test for goodness-of-fit showed F 2 segregation ratio of 13:3 (one dominant and one recessive), 15:1 (two dominant genes) and 3:1 (one dominant gene) in BSMR-846, BWR-23 and BDN-2029, respectively. The information generated on the genetics of FW resistance will be helpful in development of high yielding and stable wilt resistant, long duration pigeonpea varieties. © 2018, Agricultural Research Communication Centre. All rights reserved.
Insights into solid solution-assisted polyanion cathodes: Present status, environmental focus and advancement in phosphate and borate chemistry for Li- and Na-ion battery technologies
(Elsevier Ltd, 2025) Laxman Singh; Sunil Kumar; Rajeev Kumar; V. Srivastva; Mikhael Bechelany; Youngil Lee
The development of high energy-density and low-cost alkali-ion batteries is critically important for future portable electronics, heavy electric vehicles, and grid storage. Polyanion solid solution cathodes that are chemically functionalized through molecular or atomic nano-engineering and possess unique microstructures would offer significantly enhanced electro-chemical properties for commercial prospects due to their high energy density, specific capacity, facile ion-diffusion, high safety, and superior structural stability under low or high temperature environments. The low molecular weight borates have a great potential to form the desirable polyanion solid solution than the other mature polyanion families, i.e., PO43−, SiO44-, CO32-, SO42- etc. The beauty of borate chemistries have been revealed owing to its smaller formula mass (58.8), low reaction energy, anti-oxidation, and robust polyanionic structure which make them suitable for composite interaction. In addition, these composites are superior hosts for Li+ or Na+ per formula unit, multi-electron redox chemistry and stoichiometric composition, thereby preventing rapid capacity and voltage decay via the coupling effects of cathode active components. The present review explores the recent progress of solid solution based polyanion nanomaterials containing BO33- and PO43− polyanions which also includes physico-chemical characteristics of Zn, Cu, Co, Mn, Fe and V-based polyanionic materials. Moreover, there are no literature reported so far on the Zn, Cu, and Co-based borate polyanions for Li- and Na-ion batteries (LIBs and NIBs). However, unlike phosphate based electrodes, there are very few review articles published on Li-ion batteries using borate materials. Therefore, this review provides the extensive literature on the solid composites containing BO33- or mixed-borate polyanions, and their comparison with phosphate cathodes which would inculcate deeper outlook for the safer design and development of high energy-density LIBs and NIBs. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.
One-dimensional nano layered SiC/TiO2 based photonic band gap materials as temperature sensor
(Urban und Fischer Verlag Jena, 2015) Rajeev Kumar; Angad S. Kushwaha; S.K. Srivastava
Abstract In this present paper, we have proposed a novel design of temperature sensor using 1-dimensional photonic band gap materials, which is made by alternate layers of TiO2 and silicon carbide (4H-SiC) with periodic variation of their respective thickness and refractive indices. We have investigated the reflection properties, relative band width behaviour and group velocity of the proposed photonic band gap materials at different temperature. The refractive index of SiC is temperature dependent, so by increasing the temperature the number of forbidden bands as well as width of the forbidden bands increases and the value of group velocity decreases. Thus, by analysing the band gap width, number of forbidden bands, and group velocity, it is easy to calculate the value of temperature of the given environment. This paper is focused on what we regard the latest development in the use of photonic band gap materials in photonic devices, a strong importance with the application in communication. It may be used as a temperature sensor. Our results show the potential application in temperature controlled optoelectronic devices. © 2015 Elsevier GmbH.
One-pot instant flame synthesis of strontium-doped lanthanum nickelate perovskite for energy conversion and storage
(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2025) Laxman Singh; Vineet Kumar Patel; Ayan Mukherjee; Varsha K. Singh; Anup Kumar; Abhishek Rai; Vellaichamy Ganesan; Anshuman K. Srivastava; Parwathi Pillai; Rajeev Kumar; Ramanand Rai; Youngil Lee
Perovskite structures have great potential to act as multifunctional electrocatalysts with excellent surface chemistry, reactivity, and electrode kinetics for energy storage and conversion. It is a big challenge to fabricate the bulk perovskite material using low-cost and eco-friendly synthetic route along with desirable characteristics, that is, exposed active sites. To address this issue, we synthesized an important model perovskite material, viz. La1.85Sr0.15NiO4 (LSNO), using an instantaneous flame synthesis technique. The current synthesis procedure is a rapid and economical technique regarding raw material cost, synthesis duration, and energy consumption, thereby eliminating the usual multi-step processing compared to other reported techniques so far. The synthesized LSNO has been characterized using various physico-chemical techniques such as thermogravimetric analyses (DTA/TG), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), electron microscopy (SEM/TEM), etc. XRD analysis confirmed the formation of a single phase of LSNO after sintering at 900°C for 12 h. In FT-IR spectra, the absorption bands were noticed at 520, 664, and 880 cm−1 corresponding to the La–O, Ni–O, and Sr–O vibrations. The energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and XPS studies showed the presence of La, Sr, Ni, and O elements which confirm the purity and stoichiometry of LSNO. Here, we report the quick and hassle-free synthesis. LSNO showed excellent oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity with an onset potential of 0.88 V versus Reversible Hydrogen Electrode (RHE), which is lower than several existing perovskite-based electrocatalysts. This sample could also be used as supercapacitor material. The galvanostatic charge/discharge test showed stability even at high current densities with a capacity retention of 97.25% even after 500 cycles. The superior ORR activity and electrochemical performance of LSNO provides an impetus for exploring this economical approach toward perovskite-based material synthesis for energy conversion and storage applications. © 2025 The American Ceramic Society.