Browsing by Author "Rameshwar Nath Chaurasia"

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A Eu3+doped functional core-shell nanophosphor as fluorescent biosensor for highly selective and sensitive detection of dsDNA
(Elsevier B.V., 2023) Arpita Dwivedi; Monika Srivastava; Amit Srivastava; Abhai Kumar; Rameshwar Nath Chaurasia; S.K. Srivastava
Lanthanide-doped core-shell nanomaterials have illustrated budding potential as luminescent materials, but their biological applications have still been very limited due to their aqueous solubility and biocompatibility. Here, we report a simple and cost-effective approach to construct a water-stable chitosan-functionalized lanthanoid-based core shell (Ca-Eu:Y2O3@SiO2) nanophosphor. The as-synthesized Ca-Eu:Y2O3@SiO2-chitosan (CEY@SiO2-CH) nanophosphor has been characterized for its structural, morphological, and optical properties, by employing different analytical tools. This sensing platform is suitable for dsDNA probing by tracing the “turn on” fluorescence signal generated by CEY@SiO2-CH nanophosphor with the addition of dsDNA. The ratio of fluorescence intensity enhancement is proportional to the concentration of dsDNA in the range 0.1–90 nM, with the limit of detection at ⁓16.1 pM under optimal experimental conditions. The enhancement in fluorescence response of functionalized core-shell phosphor with dsDNA is due to the antenna effect. Additionally, response of probe has been studied for the real samples displaying percent recovery in between 101 and 105, maximum RSD% upto 5.23 (n = 3). This outcome can be applied to the selective sensing of dsDNA through optical response. These findings establish the CEY@SiO2-CH a simple, portable, and potential candidate as a sensor for rapid and analytical detection of dsDNA. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.
A questionnaire-based survey of acceptability and satisfaction of virtual neurology clinic during COVID-19 lockdown: a preliminary study
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2022) Anand Kumar; Neha Lall; Abhishek Pathak; Deepika Joshi; Vijaya Nath Mishra; Rameshwar Nath Chaurasia; Varun Kumar Singh
Introduction: Telemedicine during this pandemic acts as a lifeline for many non-COVID patients especially with chronic neurological diseases. The aim of present study was to evaluate cost effectiveness and level of satisfaction amongst patients from teleneurology outpatient department (OPD). Methods: An online cross-sectional survey, having questions both in Hindi and English was conducted via telemedicine facility at Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India. Demographic variables, illness details, travel distance and time taken, travel expenditure, level of satisfaction and preferred choice among tele OPD versus in-person OPD once pandemic ends were recorded. Results: Total 1388 patients filled the online COVID-19 teleneurology survey google form. Mean age was 39.21 ± 16.72 years. Majority (N = 824, 59%) were males. Six hundred (43%) patients’ educational qualification were ≤ 10th standard. Majority of patients (N = 840, 60.5%) belonged to the rural background. Headache (N = 424, 30.5%) followed by backache (N = 220, 16%), stroke (N = 176, 13%) and seizure (N = 148, 11%) were the common illnesses. Travel time of > 5 hours was saved in 496 (36%) patients and travel expenditure of > Rs100 in 796 (57%) patients. About 96% (N = 1332) felt satisfied with the treatment advice via teleconsultation. Discussion: Teleneurology facility is not only feasible but also affordable and acceptable in various neurological conditions. The chief reasons being no waiting time, saving of travelling time and travel expenditure with good satisfaction. © 2022, The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Belgian Neurological Society.
A Review on Diverse Neurological Disorders: Pathophysiology, Molecular Mechanisms, and Therapeutics
(Elsevier, 2024) Debasis Bagchi; Rameshwar Nath Chaurasia; Sunny E. Ohia
A Review of Diverse Neurological Disorders: Pathophysiology, Molecular Mechanisms, and Therapeutics offers an unparalleled compilation of the current understanding of neurodegenerative disorders. This book investigates the origins of mental disorders, encompassing bacterial and fungal invasions, viral assaults, and genetic predispositions, providing readers with a thorough grasp of the neurological landscape. Each chapter dissects the intricacies of these incapacitating conditions, ranging from the pathogenesis of central nervous system tuberculosis to the involvement of endocannabinoids in rabies infection. Topics such as neuroinflammation, axonal pathology, and the intricate relationship between diet, gut microbiomes, and cognitive decline are also explored. This book conducts an extensive examination of neurodegeneration, incorporating discussions on the role of probiotics and natural bioactive compounds in preventing ailments such as Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). With meticulous analyses of vitamins, micronutrients, antioxidants, and nutraceuticals, this work offers a roadmap for promoting neuroprotection. A Review of Diverse Neurological Disorders serves as a resource that not only reviews the current understanding but also lays the groundwork for future treatments and innovations. © 2024 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.
ADCY5 Related Dyskinesia—A Rare Mutation
(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2022) Bandari Mahesh; Varun Kumar Singh; Abhishek Pathak; Anand Kumar; Rameshwar Nath Chaurasia
[No abstract available]
Advanced glycation end product molecules as major culprits behind amyloidogenic protein aggregation
(Elsevier, 2025) Priya Dev; Abhishek Pathak; Rameshwar Nath Chaurasia
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are lipids or proteins that are glycated after exposure to sugars. They are commonly seen in the vasculature of diabetics and are thought to have a role in the development of atherosclerosis. AGEs impact diseases like diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders because they are essential in the misfolding and aggregation of proteins. AGE molecules have a significant role in the aggregation of amyloidogenic proteins, which in turn facilitates the production of amyloid formations linked to diseases, including Parkinson's and Alzheimer's. Amyloidogenic proteins and AGEs interact to speed up protein aggregation, which aids in the etiology of neurodegenerative illnesses. Glycation, metal binding, and oxidative stress are some elements that affect the complex interactions that result in the creation of stable fibrillary structures and AGEs, which cause protein aggregation. The impact of AGE-induced protein aggregation on diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases is profound, with AGEs playing a significant role in disease progression. Antioxidants, cross-link breakers, RAGE antagonists, and inhibitors target AGEs and provide ways to reduce the consequences of disease and prevent AGE-induced protein aggregation. In this chapter, we will look at all the statements mentioned above and learn about amyloidogenic protein aggregation and its consequences for disease pathophysiology. © 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved..
An elaborative NMR based plasma metabolomics study revealed metabolic derangements in patients with mild cognitive impairment: a study on north Indian population
(Springer, 2021) Umesh Kumar; Abhai Kumar; Smita Singh; Payal Arya; Sandeep Kumar Singh; Rameshwar Nath Chaurasia; Anup Singh; Dinesh Kumar
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is transition phase between cognitive decline and dementia. The current study aims to investigate altered metabolic pattern in plasma of MCI for potential biomarkers. MCI (N = 50) and healthy controls (HC, N = 50) age group 55–75 years were screened based on Mini Mental State Examination Test (MMSE) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI imaging). The MMSE score of MCI was significantly lower (25.74 ± 1.83) compared to healthy control subjects (29 ± 1). The MCI patients exhibit significant changes in white matter integrity in the right frontal lobe, right temporal lobe, left frontal lobe, forcep major, fornix, corpus callosum. Further, the plasma samples of twenty seven MCI patients (N = 27) and twenty HC subjects (N = 20; having no significant differences in any demographics) were analyzed using 1H NMR based metabolomics approach. Consistent with many previous reports, the levels of several plasma metabolites were found to be elevated in MCI patients compared to healthy controls. Further univariate and multivariate ROC curve analyses provided three plasma metabolites as a diagnostic panel of biomarker for MCI; which are lysine, glycine, and glutamine. Overall, the results of this study will help to improve the diagnostic and prognostic strategies of MCI in addition to improving our understanding about disease pathogenesis. We believe that the over-nutritional metabolic phenotype of MCI needs to be targeted for developing future dietary interventions so that the progression of MCI can be limited. Graphical abstract: Metabolic derangements associated with Mild Cognitive Impairment [Figure not available: see fulltext.] © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC part of Springer Nature.
Assessment of non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease and their impact on the quality of life: An observatiobnal study
(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2022) Anand Kumar; Sooraj Patil; Varun K. Singh; Abhishek Pathak; Rameshwar Nath Chaurasia; Vijaya N. Mishra; Deepika Joshi
Background: During the past decade the view of Parkinson's disease (PD) as a motor disorder has changed significantly and currently it is recognized as a multisystem disorder with diverse non-motor symptoms (NMS). Aims: The present study aimed to evaluate and characterize the NMS and study their impact on quality of life (QoL) in a PD patient cohort. Material and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study where 92 PD patients fulfilling the UK Parkinson's disease society brain bank criteria were enrolled from a movement disorder clinic. All patients were evaluated using unified Parkinson's disease rating scale, non-motor symptoms scale (NMSS) for the non-motor symptoms, and Parkinson's disease questionnaire-39 (PDQ-39) for the QoL. The impact of NMS on QoL was assessed statistically. Results: A total of 92 patients were enrolled with a mean age of 55.40 ± 7.37 years, mean age of onset of disease 51.62 ± 6.38 years, and mean disease duration of 3.78 ± 1.54 years. Type of disease was akinetic rigid variant in 29.3% (n = 27), tremor predominant type in 36.9%(n = 34), and mixed type in 33.6% (n = 31). Mean Hoehn and Yahr stage was 2.12 ± 0.54. In the NMSS, most common symptom was sleep and fatigue (83%), followed by urinary tract symptoms (63%), mood and cognition (51%), cardiovascular symptoms and falls (43%), gastrointestinal tract symptoms (38%), and sexual function (33%). Univariate analyses showed that all NMS domains had a significant correlation with PDQ-39 with P < 001. Conclusion: Our study shows that NMS in PDare fairly common and significantly impact the QoL. © 2022 Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology.
Bell Phenomenon with Normal Smile
(Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2024) Varun Kumar Singh; Pranjali Batra; Rameshwar Nath Chaurasia; Abhishek Pathak; Anand Kumar
A 52-year-old man presented with insidious-onset progressive inability to close the right eyelid. He did not have drooling of saliva from the right corner of mouth, difficulty in blowing cheeks, loss of taste perception, or inability to frown. On neurologic examination, pinprick and temperature sensation was decreased overlying the right angle of mandible. He had the Bell phenomenon on the right side, thickened right greater auricular nerve, and bilateral palpable supraorbital nerve (Figure 1). The remainder of the neurologic examination was normal. The differential diagnosis included autoimmune, infectious, vasculitic, and neoplastic neuropathies. The clinical features of thickened peripheral nerves and patchy involvement of the facial nerve with an otherwise normal serologic and neurophysiologic evaluation in an area where leprosy is still endemic suggested the diagnosis of leprous cranial neuritis. The preferential involvement of the zygomatic branch of facial nerve by leprous bacilli is attributed to low temperature in the area.1 He was started on rifampicin 600 mg and clofazimine 300 mg once monthly and clofazimine 50 mg and dapsone 100 mg once daily. Right eye closure weakness improved at 3 months of follow-up (Figure 2). © American Academy of Neurology.
Case studies for a systematic understanding of development of dementia in diabetic or prediabetic patients
(Elsevier, 2025) Rameshwar Nath Chaurasia; Neeraj Kumar Agrawal; Sanchit Shailendra Chouksey
Dementia, a growing public health concern, is projected to affect 115 million individuals worldwide by 2050. Type 2 diabetes mellitus has the potential risk to impact cognitive health and exacerbate cognitive decline through various mechanisms, including chronic hyperglycemia, vascular complications, and insulin resistance. Research indicates that diabetes contributes to neurodegeneration and cognitive deficits, as evidenced by studies linking glycemic control to cognitive function. Additionally, vascular cognitive impairment, resulting from cerebrovascular disease, highlights the relationship between vascular health and dementia risk. With diabetes, there is 3-5 times the likelihood of developing vascular dementia and increasing the risks associated with Alzheimer’s disease; it is crucial to address diabetes management as part of dementia prevention strategies. These findings highlight the significance of focusing on vascular health and metabolic factors to reduce cognitive decline. This article reviews several cases linking diabetes to cognitive impairment, emphasizing the necessity for early intervention and lifestyle changes to improve both mortality and morbidity © 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved..
Circulating MicroRNAs as diagnostic indicators in tuberculous Meningitis-A case -control study in North Indian population
(Springer-Verlag Italia s.r.l., 2025) Ritika; Vineeta Singh; Varun Kumar Singh; Rameshwar Nath Chaurasia; Abhishek Pathak; Deepika Srivastava Joshi; Anand Kumar; Vijay Nath Mishra
Purpose: Tuberculous meningitis (TBM), a severe and often fatal form of tuberculosis, showing high mortality and long-term neurological sequelae. Recent evidence suggests that microRNAs play a crucial role in TBM pathogenesis and may serve as potential biomarkers for diagnosis and disease progression. Methods: Eight TBM patients and three healthy controls were recruited. Whole blood samples RNA was extracted and processed. Sequencing was performed on the Illumina platform with a 50-bp single-end read configuration. Data preprocessing included quality control (FastQC), adapter trimming (Cutadapt), and alignment to the human genome (GRCh38) using mirDeep2. Differentially expressed miRNAs were identified using the edgeR package in R, applying a log₂ fold change threshold of ± 1 and a false discovery rate (FDR) ≤ 0.05. Experimentally validated miRNA–mRNA interactions were retrieved from miRTarBase, TarBase, and miRecords. Functional enrichment and pathway analyses were conducted using clusterProfiler and KEGG database resources in R. Results: hsa-miR-23b-5p and hsa-miR-27a-5p were significantly upregulated, while hsa-miR-126-5p and hsa-miR-339-5p were downregulated in TBM. Stage-specific miRNA expression patterns were observed, with hsa-let-7f-5p and hsa-miR-16-5p showing significant upregulation in Stage 2 TBM compared to Stage 1. Functional annotation of validated targets highlighted enrichment in biological processes such as cell cycle regulation, RNA splicing, and ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, along with key pathways including autophagy and endocytosis, known to be involved in mycobacterial survival and host immune response. Conclusion: The identified differentially expressed miRNAs could serve as biomarkers for early diagnosis and disease monitoring. Further large-scale validation are warranted to translate these findings into clinical applications. © Fondazione Società Italiana di Neurologia 2025.
Clinical Spectrum of Non-motor Symptoms in Correlation with Quality of Life in Parkinson’s Disease and Atypical Parkinsonism: Evidence in Reaching Consensus
(SAGE Publications Inc., 2025) Madhusudan Rajendrakumar Tapdia; Anand Kumar; Ajay Kumar Yadav; Varun Kumar Singh; Abhishek Pathak; Rameshwar Nath Chaurasia; Vijay Nath Mishra; Navneet Kumar Dubey; Neetu Rani Dhiman; Monika Shailesh; Deepika Srivastava Joshi
Background: Non-motor symptoms (NMS) are frequently overlooked, yet they significantly contribute to the progression of Parkinson’s disease (PD) or atypical parkinsonism (AP), which include multiple system atrophy (MSA), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). Moreover, discrepancies exist in non-motor symptom scale (NMSS) scores for AP and PD, and no consensus has yet been reached. Purpose: We evaluated and compared the NMS and their association with life quality in patients with AP and PD. Methods: This cross-sectional observational report at a single-centre enrolling 204 patients (155 PD, 49 AP (27 MSA), and 22 PSP) from a tertiary care hospital’s movement disorder clinic. We used Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (MDS UPDRS)-III and modified Hoehn and Yahr (H&Y) to compute a motor score and disease severity, respectively. We assessed patients’ mental capabilities, such as cognitive impairment, through a Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Meanwhile, the NMSS determined the NMSs. Quality of life (QoL) was estimated by PD Questionnaire-39 (PDQ-39). Results: We observed insignificant differences between the PD and atypical parkinsonian syndrome (APS) groups based on disease duration and gender. Worsened motor disability and disease severity were observed in AP (PSP>MSA) (P <.001). The mean NMSS scores for PD, PSP and MSA were 23.7 ± 27.9, 47.6 ± 41.3 and 65.6 ± 35.5, respectively (P <.05). MSA had a comparatively high score for sexual, cardiovascular and urinary domains, while PSP scored higher for memory/attention domains. In contrast, PD group revealed significantly lower scores for perceptual and sexual domains. Conclusion: Compared to PD, NMS was severe and highly prevalent among AP (MSA > PSP), which could be confirmed through the prevalence of sexual cardiovascular and urinary domains in MSA, while attention and mood/cognition, and sleep in PSP. © The Author(s) 2025.
Clinico-radiological factors associated with aphasia outcome in post stroke patients: A prospective follow up study from eastern part of India
(Churchill Livingstone, 2024) Mukund Agrawal; Varun Kumar Singh; Ashish Verma; Abhishek Pathak; Anand Kumar; Deepika Joshi; Vijaya Nath Mishra; Rameshwar Nath Chaurasia
Background: Aphasia is a language disorder acquired secondary to brain damage. This study aims to evaluate clinical and radiological profile of patients with post stroke aphasia and factors affecting its recovery. Methods: We conducted a prospective study of patients with first left Middle or Anterior Cerebral Artery infarct or Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ICH) with aphasia admitted within 14 days of stroke onset. Aphasia Quotient (AQ) was assessed at 2 weeks (AQ1) and 3 months (AQ2) using Western Aphasia Battery-Hindi version. Magnetic Resonance Imaging of brain with Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) of bilateral Arcuate Fasciculus (AF) and Corticospinal Tract was done at admission, and stroke volume, Laterality Indices of Fractional Anisotropy (LI-FA), Mean Diffusivity (LI-MD), Radial Diffusivity (LI-RD), Axial Diffusivity (LI-AD) and Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (LI-ADC) were obtained. Results: 36 patients [8 ICH and 28 Acute Ischemic Stroke (AIS)] were included. AQ1 and AQ2 were significantly higher in subcortical stroke than cortical. AQ2 and increase in AQ scores (including its subscores) were significantly higher in ICH than AIS. National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score at admission and volume of stroke had significant negative correlation with AQ1 and AQ2. Laterality Index of Fractional Anisotropy of Arcuate Fasciculus [LI-FA (AF)] had significant positive correlation with AQ2 and naming score at 3 months. Laterality Index of Mean Diffusivity of Arcuate Fasciculus [LI-MD (AF)] had significant negative correlation with AQ1, AQ2 and all subcomponents of AQ2. Significant positive correlation was seen between improvements in Modified Rankin Scale score and AQ. Conclusion: The study shows that DTI can be used to predict severity of aphasia at follow up and recovery in language and motor functions occur in parallel © 2024 Elsevier Ltd
Clinico-radiological profile of CVT patients and its correlation with D-dimer
(Churchill Livingstone, 2020) Abhishek Pathak; Rameshwar Nath Chaurasia; Varun Kumar Singh; Upasana Shukla; Deepika Joshi; Vijaya Nath Mishra
Cerebral Venous Thrombosis (CVT) is a well-known disease with diverse clinical presentation and causes. With advances in neuroimaging and changing lifestyles, the clinical profile and causes of CVT are changing. D-dimer has been studied in early diagnosis of CVT with variable results. This prospective study was carried out to assess the clinical profile of CVT and role of D-dimer in early diagnosis of CVT. The study period was from September 2017 to July 2019 and included 32 imaging proven patients of CVT. We also included 32 patients of migraine for assessing D-dimer. Data was collected according to a preformed format. D-dimer was assessed by a rapid semi-quantitative latex agglutination assay. Out of 32 CVT patients, 16(50%) were females. The mean age of the patients was 31.56 ± 14.31 years. Most common clinical features were headache (96.25%), papilloedema (37.5%) and seizures 10 (31.25%). Puerperium was the most common cause of CVT in females. Superior sagittal and transverse sinuses were the most common sinuses to be affected. The sensitivity of D-dimer assay was 81.25% and specificity 62.5%. Cerebral venous thrombosis is a disease with equal predilection among both genders affecting mostly young individuals. Most of the patients present with headache. Puerperium still contributes to majority of the cases. Iron deficiency anaemia needs to be evaluated as an association for CVT. Positive D-dimer should strengthen the suspicion of CVT in patients with acute headache. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd
Clinicoradiological comparative study of Aquaporin-4-IgG seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and MOG antibody associated disease (MOGAD): A prospective observational study and review of literature
(Elsevier B.V., 2021) Ram Bhupal Reddy NAGIREDDY; Anand Kumar; Varun Kumar Singh; Rajniti Prasad; Abhishek Pathak; Rameshwar Nath Chaurasia; Vijaya Nath Mishra; Deepika Joshi
Neuromyelitis Optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) are autoimmune inflammatory central nervous system diseases. NMOSD patients typically have recurrent attacks of severe optic neuritis or/and myelitis with majority of them having autoantibodies against the aquaporin-4 (AQP4). In the recent past, a robust association of autoantibodies to full-length human myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG-IgG) with optic neuritis, myelitis and brainstem encephalitis, as well as with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM)-like presentations had been demonstrated. MOG-IgG antibody associated disease (MOGAD) is now considered as a disease entity in its own right, distinct from classic MS and from AQP4-IgG-positive NMOSD. Here, we compared the clinical, laboratory, radiological features and treatment outcomes of patients with Aquaporin-4-IgG seropositive NMOSD and MOGAD. Relatively younger age at onset, lesser number of relapses, better response to treatment and favorable clinical outcomes were found in MOGAD group in comparison to AQP4-IgG-positive NMOSD group. © 2021 Elsevier B.V.
Comparison of cognitive profile in young-and late-onset parkinson's disease patients
(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2018) Sandeep Chaudhary; Deepika Joshi; Abhishek Pathak; Vijay Nath Mishra; Rameshwar Nath Chaurasia; Garima Gupta
Background: Cognitive impairment is increasingly being recognized as a major cause of morbidity and increased dependence over the caregivers in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. Objective: The present study aimed to compare the cognition testing in young-and late-onset PD patient. Methods: Sixty PD patients (20 young onset and 40 late onset) fulfilling UKPDS Brain Bank diagnostic criteria were enrolled in the study. Patients were assessed clinically and using scales for cognition testing such as Scales for Outcomes in PDCognition (SCOPA-COG), Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating scale (motor part), and Hoehn and Yahr staging. Results: Young-onset group comprised 20 (33.3%) and late-onset group comprised 40 (66.7%) patients. Most of the young-and late-onset patients, 15 (75%) and 21 (52.5%), had SCOPA-COG score in the range of 30-39, respectively. On comparison between young-and late-onset groups, SCOPA-COG score's mean ± standard deviation (SD) for young and late onset was 32.60 ± 2.52 and 30.30 ± 3.65, respectively, with statistical significance (P = 0.01). SCOPA-COG score's mean ± SD for mild, moderate, and severely impaired PD patients was 31.48 ± 3.19, 30.60 ± 3.24, and 23.50 ± 3.53, respectively, which on group comparisons (ANOVA) were statistically significant (P = 0.004). However, the SCOPA-COG score was statistically insignificant with respect to disease duration. Conclusion: There was statistically significant difference in SCOPA-COG score between young-and late-onset PD patients and in patients with more severe motor impairment. © 2006-2018 Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology | Published by Wolters Kluwer-Medknow.
Computational exploration of the dual role of the phytochemical fortunellin: Antiviral activities against SARS-CoV-2 and immunomodulatory abilities against the host
(Elsevier Ltd, 2022) Shivangi Agrawal; Ekta Pathak; Rajeev Mishra; Vibha Mishra; Afifa Parveen; Sunil Kumar Mishra; Parameswarappa S. Byadgi; Sushil Kumar Dubey; Ashvanee Kumar Chaudhary; Vishwambhar Singh; Rameshwar Nath Chaurasia; Neelam Atri
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections generate approximately one million virions per day, and the majority of available antivirals are ineffective against it due to the virus's inherent genetic mutability. This necessitates the investigation of concurrent inhibition of multiple SARS-CoV-2 targets. We show that fortunellin (acacetin 7-O-neohesperidoside), a phytochemical, is a promising candidate for preventing and treating coronavirus disease (COVID-19) by targeting multiple key viral target proteins. Fortunellin supports protective immunity while inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokines and apoptosis pathways and protecting against tissue damage. Fortunellin is a phytochemical found in Gojihwadi kwath, an Indian traditional Ayurvedic formulation with an antiviral activity that is effective in COVID-19 patients. The mechanistic action of its antiviral activity, however, is unknown. The current study comprehensively evaluates the potential therapeutic mechanisms of fortunellin in preventing and treating COVID-19. We have used molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, free-energy calculations, host target mining of fortunellin, gene ontology enrichment, pathway analyses, and protein-protein interaction analysis. We discovered that fortunellin reliably binds to key targets that are necessary for viral replication, growth, invasion, and infectivity including Nucleocapsid (N-CTD) (−54.62 kcal/mol), Replicase-monomer at NSP-8 binding site (−34.48 kcal/mol), Replicase-dimer interface (−31.29 kcal/mol), Helicase (−30.02 kcal/mol), Papain-like-protease (−28.12 kcal/mol), 2′-O-methyltransferase (−23.17 kcal/mol), Main-protease (−21.63 kcal/mol), Replicase-monomer at dimer interface (−22.04 kcal/mol), RNA-dependent-RNA-polymerase (−19.98 kcal/mol), Nucleocapsid-NTD (−16.92 kcal/mol), and Endoribonuclease (−16.81 kcal/mol). Furthermore, we identify and evaluate the potential human targets of fortunellin and its effect on the SARS-CoV-2 infected tissues, including normal-human-bronchial-epithelium (NHBE) and lung cells and organoids such as pancreatic, colon, liver, and cornea using a network pharmacology approach. Thus, our findings indicate that fortunellin has a dual role; multi-target antiviral activities against SARS-CoV-2 and immunomodulatory capabilities against the host. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd
Corrigendum: Possible Role for Bacteriophages in the Treatment of SARS-CoV-2 Infection (International Journal of Microbiology (2020) 2020 (5) DOI: 10.1155/2020/8844963)
(Hindawi Limited, 2022) Vijaya Nath Mishra; Kumari Nidhi; Abhishek Pathak; Rajnish Kumar Chaturvedi; Arun Kumar Gupta; Rameshwar Nath Chaurasia
In the article titled "Possible Role for Bacteriophages in the Treatment of SARS-CoV-2 Infection"[1], the authors wish to clarify that reference 13 in the article is a study on River Ganga and its self-cleansing properties and not directly related to sewage treatment as suggested. #e citation was used in this context because sewage water is entering River Ganga, and the river water was therefore considered to be contaminated with sewage water. Hence, testing the microbes of the water from River Ganga itself would ultimately be helpful in determining if the whole population has been infected with the virus or not. An additional reference should have been cited, included in the text below, as reference 41 [2]. Accordingly, the following paragraph in the Introduction section should be corrected from "Phage therapy (PT) was primarily developed to kill bacteria, to help prevent the overuse of antibiotics and the development of antibiotic resistance. Phages mediate immunoregulatory and immunotherapeutic activities that are relevant in balancing the immunological homeostasis of human subjects [4, 5]. Many bacteriophages possess hydrolytic enzymes called lysin, including endolysins and ectolysins, which help to rupture the bacterial peptidoglycan cell wall to allow entry of phage DNA [6]. Moreover, studies have even suggested the efficacy of PT in autoimmune diseases and allergies [7]"to "Phage therapy (PT) was primarily developed to kill bacteria, to help prevent the overuse of antibiotics and the development of antibiotic resistance. Phages mediate immunoregulatory and immunotherapeutic activities that are relevant in balancing the immunological homeostasis of human subjects [4, 5]. Many bacteriophages possess hydrolytic enzymes called lysin, including endolysins and ectolysins, which help to rupture the bacterial peptidoglycan cell wall to allow entry of phage DNA [6]. Moreover, studies have even suggested the efficacy of PT in autoimmune diseases and allergies [7]. One of the studies also concludes that during the viral infection, some of the bacterial colony also tends to spread vigorously in an infected human body. Like the infection of Acinetobacter baumanii and Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria have been found in the COVID-19 patients. #is kind of infection can also cause sepsis, and in that situation, phages have been found helpful to treat the bacterial infection also in the COVID-19 patients [41]." © Copyright 2022 Vijaya Nath Mishra et al.
Development and Evaluation of Some Molecular Hybrids of N-(1-Benzylpiperidin-4-yl)-2-((5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)thio) as Multifunctional Agents to Combat Alzheimer’s Disease
(American Chemical Society, 2023) Digambar Kumar Waiker; Akash Verma; Poorvi Saraf; T.A. Gajendra; Sairam Krishnamurthy; Rameshwar Nath Chaurasia; Sushant Kumar Shrivastava
A series of some novel compounds (SD-1-17) were designed following a molecular hybridization approach, synthesized, and biologically tested for hAChE, hBChE, hBACE-1, and Aβ aggregation inhibition potential to improve cognition and memory functions associated with Alzheimer’s disease. Compounds SD-4 and SD-6 have shown multifunctional inhibitory profiles against hAChE, hBChE, and hBACE-1 enzymes in vitro. Compounds SD-4 and SD-6 have also shown anti-Aβ aggregation potential in self- and acetylcholinesterase (AChE)-induced thioflavin T assay. Both compounds have shown a significant propidium iodide (PI) displacement from the cholinesterase-peripheral active site (ChE-PAS) region with excellent blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability and devoid of neurotoxic liabilities. Compound SD-6 ameliorates cognition and memory functions in scopolamine- and Aβ-induced behavioral rat models of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Ex vivo biochemical estimation revealed a significant decrease in malonaldehyde (MDA) and AChE levels, while a substantial increase of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione (GSH), and ACh levels is seen in the hippocampal brain homogenates. The histopathological examination of brain slices also revealed no sign of neuronal or any tissue damage in the SD-6-treated experimental animals. The in silico molecular docking results of compounds SD-4 and SD-6 showed their binding with hChE-catalytic anionic site (CAS), PAS, and the catalytic dyad residues of the hBACE-1 enzymes. A 100 ns molecular dynamic simulation study of both compounds with ChE and hBACE-1 enzymes also confirmed the ligand-protein complex’s stability, while quikprop analysis suggested drug-like properties of the compounds. © 2023 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.
Diabetes and Neurodegeneration
(Elsevier, 2025) Debasis J. Bagchi; Samudra Prosad Banik; Rameshwar Nath Chaurasia
Madhu Sharma, Aarti Bains and Prince Chawla © 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies..
Disseminated neurocysticercosis: Stars beyond the sky
(BMJ Publishing Group, 2015) Rameshwar Nath Chaurasia; Ashutosh Tiwari
[No abstract available]