Browsing by Author "S.K. Pandey"

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A note on the Fan-Fabric Structures in the late Palaeoproterozoic Kajrahat Limestone, Katni, M.P., India
(Palaeontological Society Of India, 2021) Uday Bhan; Divya Singh; Mukund Sharma; Deepak Singh; S.K. Pandey
Present study records the Fan-Fabric Structures from the late Palaeoproterozoic Kajrahat Limestone of the Vindhyan Supergroup, India exposed in Katni district, M. P. Centimeter (cm) size carbonate fans (1 to 10 cm in length) radiating in upward direction are part of a stromatolite dominated Kajrahat Limestone in the area. The Kajrahat FFS represent their wide-spread occurrence in the Proterozoic successions of India. Our study establishes that these fans were originally precipitated and not the result of a late diagenesis or any other post sedimentation process. These fan-fabric structures were deposited in intertidal to sub-tidal environments. Globally, fan-fabrics structures are considered a common feature of the Archaean to early Mesoproterozoic carbonate platforms. © 2021 Palaeontological Society Of India. All rights reserved.
A study of hazards and risks in the autopsy centre
(Medico-Legal Update, 2008) Senti Toshi; S.K. Pandey; Manoj Kumar; S.K. Tripathi
The present paper is a highlight of the hazards and risks, present in the autopsy centre and faced by the workers involved in the autopsy room. This study was conducted in the department of FORENSIC MEDICINE, IMS, BHU, Varanasi, during the year 2007. It was found that about one-fourth i.e. 502 cases (25.48%) of the total 1970 autopsy cases done were hazardous. Of which, infective risk contributed the highest (67.52%) and then followed by poisoning cases (32.47%). There were also 43 cases of decomposed bodies autopsied. The other existing hazards were studied through a questionnaire put forward to the workers regarding physical injury, exposure to chemical hazards, infections and adverse psychological effects, secondary to stressful working environment of the autopsy room and presence of other occupational hazards if any.
An Approach for identification of individuals in a mass disaster in Indian set up
(2011) S. Das; S.K. Pandey; P. Chakraborty
In the changing scenario of mass disaster, which has become almost one of the stories of daily news paper, Disaster Victim Identification has become important for its medico-legal as well as nations socio-economical aspects. This expertise gives the Forensic Experts a resource advice in dealing with human identification in a simpler way in Indian context. The idea of this work was born after the Ganeswari express accident that occurred in West Bengal, in May 2010, after which the situation demeaned a discussion between the Forensic Experts, Forensic Scientists and police personnel to frame a simpler guideline for Disaster Victim Identification. The recommendations made in this paper, as well as in many cited references, are intended to provide the forensic experts the minimum guidance for victim identification by photography and storing samples suitable for DNA analysis. It also gives a guideline for matching the DNA samples with the relative of the victims that will provide better chances of victim identification.
An epidemiological study of fatal firearm cases in Varanasi, UP
(Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, 2014) V. Kaulaskar Shashikant; S.K. Pandey; Pravin N. Yerpude; Manoj Pathak; Keerti S. Jogdand
Introduction: Use of firearm is a worldwide increasing and Varanasi is no exception to this. This is due to increasing number of hijacking, urban terrorism, dacoity, rioting, robberies, smuggling of drugs, political motivation, personal and group rivalry, quarrel over land, Property, caste feuds and the like. Materials and Method: Fifty four cases of fatal firearm injury has been drawn from the medicolegal autopsies brought to the mortuary of Department of Forensic Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, U.P. India, during the period from 1 June,2009 to 30th March 2011 which were studied for a detailed epidemiological and medicolegal analysis. Results: Out of total 3534 autopsies conducted during the above period, 54 (1.52%) victims had died due to fatal firearm injury. Most of the victims (98.15%) were male. Majority (66.65%) were young adults in the age group of 21-40 years. Most of the victims, (83.33%) of fatal firearm injury were Hindus followed by Muslims (12.96%). The maximum number, 46.3% of victims came from rural areas. The occupational status of most of the victims was agriculture (40.74%) followed by business (31.48%). Conclusion: Overall incidence of fatal firearm injury is reduced because of legal restriction on license of personal firearms weapon while the incidence of firearm injury due to country made guns are increased which are illegal, easily available and cheap. ´ © 2014, Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology. All rights reserved.
Anatomical basis for the clinical application of the arterial supply of musculus pectoralis major
(1991) S.K. Pandey; F.M. Tripathi; V.K. Shukla; C.B. Tripathi; J. Sonoo
The pattern of arterial supply to the various parts (clavicular, sternocostal and aponeurotic) of the pectoralis major muscle was studied in 7 cadaver dissections and 10 angiograms by injecting a radio-opaque substance. Three main arteries supplied the muscle, i.e. the pectoral branch of the thoracoacromial trunk (TAT-PB), the lateral thoracic artery and the perorating branch of the internal thoracic artery, supported by other branches of the TAT and the superior thoracic artery. It is observed that the TAT-PB, a chief vascular pedicle, anastomoses freely with other arteries and supplies most parts of the muscle. The present study is mainly focussed on the exclusion of the chief vascular pedicle of muscle to eliminate the confusion of previous studies and prevent the unnecessary hindrance and complications of the muscle flap.
Anatomical variations in termination of the axillary artery and its clinical implications
(SAGE Publications Ltd, 2004) S.K. Pandey; A.N. Gangopadhyay; S.K. Tripathi; V.K. Shukla
Variations in the termination of the axillary artery (AA) were observed in 51 out of 356 axilla during routine dissections. The incidence of variation was higher on the right axilla in 17.42% cases (CI: 11.60-22.51) than the left axilla 11.24% cases (CI: 6.46-15.55) and was found to be 12.33% in male and 40.63% in female cadavers. The variations were divided into four groups. The first group showed that the terminal end of the AA divided into lateral and medial divisions in 6.16% (CI: 2.21-9.82) male and in 15.63% (CI: 2.76-25.25) female cadavers. The second group variation showed that the terminal end of the axillary artery divided into deep and superficial divisions in 2.74% (CI: 0.10-5.27) male and in 6.25% (CI: -1.87-13.13) female cadavers. The third group showed that the terminal end of the AA divided into three branches in 2.74% (CI: 0.10-5.27) male and in 6.25% (CI: -1.87-13.13) female cadavers. The fourth group showed the tapering of the terminal end of AA in 0.68% (CI: -0.63-1.99) male and 12.50% (CI: 0.97-21.46) female cadavers. The variable origin of the circumflex humeral, subscapular and profunda brachii arteries was also observed. These variations in the terminal end of the axillary artery are not only of significant clinical importance to orthopaedic and reconstructive surgeons but also have very significant medico-legal implications.
Anatomical variations of the cords of brachial plexus and the median nerve
(2007) S.K. Pandey; V.K. Shukla
The variations in formation, location, and courses of the cords of brachial plexus and the median nerve were studied in both axillae of 172 cadavers. The total prevalence of variation was 12.8% (CI, 7.6-17.4) and it was found in 13.2% (CI, 7.5-18) of male and in 10.7% (CI, -0.6-19.6) of female cadavers. These variations were divided into three groups. The first group was abnormal location of the cords, which was either posterolateral or anteromedial in relation to the axillary artery in 2.3% (CI, 0.1-4.5) cadavers. The lateral cord and the medial root of the median nerve had received communicating branches from the posterior cord in most of the cases of this group. The second group was absence of the posterior cord in 3.5% (CI, 0.7-6.1) of cadavers. The lateral and medial cords of this group were connected with the communicating branches, which had a course in front of the axillary artery. The third group was abnormal formation and course of the median nerve in 7% (CI, 3.1-10.6) of cadavers. In all cases of this group the medial root received communicating branch/branches either from the lateral or posterior cord. In eight (4.7%) cadavers, both roots of the median nerve were joined on medial side of the axillary artery to form a median nerve, which traveled medial to the artery. In four (2.3%) cadavers the roots of the median nerve did not join and both traveled separately anteromedial to the axillary and brachial arteries. This study indicates that all three cords and median nerve vary considerably in levels of origin, location and course in relation to the axillary artery and these variable cases were joined with the communicating branch/branches. The observed variations are of anatomical and clinical interest. These kinds of variations are more prone to injury in radical neck dissection and in other surgical operation of the axilla. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Anatomical variations of the splenic artery and its clinical implications
(2004) S.K. Pandey; S. Bhattacharya; R.N. Mishra; V.K. Shukla
The variations in orgin, course, and terminal branching pattern of the splenic artery were studied in 320 cadavers. The artery originated from the coeliac trunk in the majority of cadavers (90.6%), followed by abdominal aorta (8.1%), and other sights (1.3%). A suprapancreatic course of the artery was commonly observed (74.1%) followed by enteropancreatic (18.5%), intrapancreatic (4.6%), and retropancreatic (2.8%) courses. In two cases (0.63%) the proximal part of the splenic artery made a loop that was embedded in the substance of the pancreas, which is an interesting and rare finding. In five cases (1.5%) the proximal part of the artery divided into two or more branches that had suprapancreatic and enteropancreatic courses. The splenic artery divided into terminal branches in 311 (97%) cadavers. In nine (2.8%) cadavers it passed through the hilum of spleen without dividing. Two terminal branches were the most common (63.1%) followed by four (18.8%), six (9.7%), and more than six (5.6%) branches. The present study clearly indicates that there is variation in origin, course, and terminal distribution pattern of the splenic artery. The knowledge of these variations are of significant importance during surgical and radiological procedure of upper abdominal region to avoid any catastrophic complications. © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Association of HLA-G promoter and 14-bp insertion-deletion variants with acute allograft rejection and end-stage renal disease
(2013) M.K. Misra; S. Prakash; R. Kapoor; S.K. Pandey; R.K. Sharma; S. Agrawal
The aim of this study was to investigate the HLA-G 14-bp insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism among end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, acute allograft rejection (AR) and overall survival after renal transplantation was investigated in 300 ESRD patients and 302 age, sex and ethnicity-matched controls. Sequencing was performed to evaluate the impact of HLA-G promoter region single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) whereas semi-quantitative PCR method was used to determine the probable HLA-G expression pattern among ESRD and AR cases. Further, soluble human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-G (sHLA-G) expression levels were compared in AR vs non-AR cases in the light of HLA-G 14-bp I/D polymorphism. Increased risk was found for 14-bp D/D (deletion-DD) genotype and 14-bp D allele [DD: odds ratio (OR)=1.46, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.03-2.06, P value=0.0358; D: OR=1.29, 95% CI=1.03-1.62, P value=0.0277], respectively for ESRD and CMV infection (DD: OR=2.70, 95% CI=1.45-5.05, P value=0.0021; D: OR=1.94, 95% CI=1.22-3.08, P value=0.0052). Nearly fourfold (OR = 3.62, 95%CI=1.61-8.14, p=0.0039) risk was observed for 14-bp I/I (insertion-II) genotype for AR. Survival analysis showed increased overall survival (OS) (AR or death) for 14-bp D/D genotype. HLA-G promoter region sequencing was carried out among 60 ESRD patients and 100 normal controls which showed increased risk for -964 G>A, -725 C>G/T and -486 A>C SNPs. -964 G>A and -725 C>G/T SNPs showed risk association for AR patients. High level of HLA-G transcripts was observed among non-AR patients. Further soluble HLA-G (sHLA-G) showed increased levels in ESRD patients (mean±SEM; 62.16±2.43U/ml) as compared to controls (mean±SEM; 21.06±3.89U/ml) (P=<0.0001). The 14-bp I/I, 14-bp I/D and 14-bp D/D genotypes showed significantly higher levels of sHLA-G among non-AR as compared to AR patients. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Biodiversity and periodical/seasonal distribution of Nematode trapping fungi from different habitats
(Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology, 2015) R.K. Singh; S.K. Pandey; Anirudha Chattopadhyay
Nematophagous fungi are a group of micro fungi that are ubiquitous in nature and have been well distributed in variety of ecological habitats and environment worldwide. Their diversity and distribution in soil is mainly associated with various soil parameters, especially with soil organic matter content. This experiment is carried out to explore the biodiversity and seasonal distribution of Nematode trapping fungi from different habitats like decaying woody soil, decaying leafy soil and agricultural rhizospheric soil. For this study, periodical isolation of these fungi in the month of January 2014 and May 2014 was carried out from samples taken from various randomly selected eight locations of three different habitats. In both the season, the higher level of diversity in terms of the population density and species richness was recorded in decaying leafy soils, followed by in decaying woody soil, but in agricultural rhizospheric soil it was less. Moreover, the recorded species are evenly distributed mostly in decaying leafy soil and decaying woody soil whereas, agricultural rhizospheric soil is mainly dominated by single species i.e., A. oligospora with 30 % occurrence frequency. This is significantly correlated with variation in quantified nematode population and estimated C:N ratio of the samples of different habitats. These findings clearly indicate the role of these group of fungi in maintaining the fertility status of soil and the importance of their conservation and possible utilization in enhancing the soil health of agricultural soil.
Biomass of Meloidogyne graminicola and associated roots: A determinant to symptom production in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)
(Nematological Society of India, 2016) S.S. Vaish; S.K. Pandey; L.C. Prasad
The biomass of invading developing stages Meloidogyne grminicola (219μg) 27 days after sowing in variety JB-206 of barley increased to 2743 μg on 79th day when adult females were in advance egg laying stage with an increase of approximately 125-fold. Such plants exhibited acute stunting without heading. The nematode-to-root biomass ratios were inversely proportional to the degree of symptoms. Plants died at a ratio of 1:227 with severe stunting, yellowing and wilting, whereas, symptoms changed markedly at ratios less than 1: 1878, however, the ratios greater than this did not show severe symptoms. Reduction in shoot biomass and its length was associated with symptoms advancement. Restriction of growth stages was also noticed with increase in nematode biomass and symptoms severity and it was up to seedling stage having high nematode biomass, although, comparatively healthy plants of the same age were advanced to tillering stage. © 2017, Nematological Society of India. All rights reserved.
Carbonate Fan Fabric Structures (FFS) in time and space: A case study from the Palaeoproterozoic Kajrahat Limestone, Vindhyan Supergroup, India
(Palaeontological Society Of India, 2021) Divya Singh; Mukund Sharma; Uday Bhan; Bindhyachal Pandey; S.K. Pandey; Deepak Singh
This paper describes and discusses the origin of the carbonate Fan Fabric Structures (FFS), a rare and typical feature of the Precambrian Eon, observed in the Kajrahat Limestone near the Kota area, Sonbhadra District, Uttar Pradesh, India. In the Kajrahat Limestone, FFS escaped later recrystallization and subsequent dolomitization which otherwise obliterates the depositional texture as noted in most of the Proterozoic carbonate deposits. Characteristic FFS is noted exclusively in the upper part of the Kajrahat Limestone, Semri Group, Vindhyan Supergroup. The FFS varies from microscopic to mesoscopic in size. The depositional environment of the hosting carbonate units is inferred with the help of FFS morphology and configuration. The absence of actual microfossils, however, is conspicuous suggesting very rapid lithification. The origin of aragonite crystals and the possible role of organisms in the formation of FFS are discussed. The study reveals that these carbonate fans were formed below the sediment-water interface by the interplay of sedimentation and vertically upward nucleation of the crystal. Low diversity of stromatolites is also present in the Kajrahat Limestone and the overlying Salkhan Limestone. The Rohtasgarh Limestone, the top-most unit of the Lower Vindhyan is, however, completely devoid of FFS and stromatolites therefore, it is inferred that the FFS are restricted in time and space. © 2021 Palaeontological Society Of India. All rights reserved.
Complete and satisfactory solutions of Luikov equations of heat and moisture transport in a spherical capillary-porous body
(Elsevier Science Ltd, 2000) R.N. Pandey; S.K. Pandey; J.W. Ribeiro
Available results based on the exact solutions of the Luikov system of coupled heat and moisture diffusion problems addressed to the boundary conditions of the third kind for the bodies of simple geometry, have been reconsidered and revised because the transcendental equations have countable number of complex conjugate roots under certain conditions, which were ignored in the original computations. A methodology, quite different from Lobo et al., is presented for evaluating a set of countable number of pairs of complex conjugate roots. The influence of complex eigenvalues on the temperature and moisture distributions in a spherical capillary porous body is demonstrated and benchmark results are obtained for reference purpose. © 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd.; Available results based on the exact solutions of the Luikov system of coupled heat and moisture diffusion problems addressed to the boundary conditions of the third kind for the bodies of simple geometry, have been reconsidered and revised because the transcendental equations have countable number of complex conjugate roots under certain conditions, which were ignored in the original computations. A methodology, quite different from Lobo et al., is presented for evaluating a set of countable number of pairs of complex conjugate roots. The influence of complex eigenvalues on the temperature and moisture distributions in a spherical capillary porous body is demonstrated and benchmark results are obtained for reference purpose.
Contrasting leaf phenology of woody species of dry tropical forest
(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2014) S.K. Pandey; Hema Singh; J.S. Singh
We studied selected leaf traits [leaf area (LA), leaf water content (LWC), leaf fresh weight (LFW), leaf dry weight (LDW), specific leaf area (SLA) and chlorophyll content] of eight woody species (Shorea robusta, Buchanania lanzan, Diospyros melanoxylon, Lagerstroemia parviflora, Lannea coromandelica, Terminalia tomentosa, Holarrhena antidysenterica and Lantana camara) dominant at four sites in a dry tropical deciduous forest over complete two annual cycles (2008–2010). Our results showed that leaf traits varied across species (1.7–11.5 fold), months (1.2–1.5 fold) and sites (1.1–1.3 fold). However, leaf traits showed smaller variation between sites than between species. Leaf lifespan varied from 7 months (L. coromandelica) to 12 months (S. robusta). On the same sites, species differed in the length of deciduous period. The maximum LA, LDW, LFW and LWC were recorded for the semi-evergreen species, SLA for long-deciduous species and chlorophyll content for short-deciduous species, respectively. The coefficient of variation was maximum for LDW and minimum for chlorophyll content. Among the eight woody species, T. tomentosa exhibited the greatest LA, LDW, LFW and LWC. LA, LWC, LFW, LDW, SLA, LD, SD, MD & SE confirm. © 2013, © 2013 Societá Botanica Italiana.
Determination of steady state drawdowns in a horizontal double aquifer system - a new approach.
(1987) V.S. Pandey; S.K. Pandey; R.N. Pandey
Using Ditkin's operator the exact analytical expressions for drawdowns for coupled 2 finite aquifer system in which pumpage from the upper and lower aquifer is balanced by a reduction in evapotranspiration from the upper aquifer are obtained. Also, the expressions for drawdowns for the limiting cases (viz. when the horizontal dimension of the aquifers is considered to be infinite) are deduced from one of the general results. -from Authors
Effect of 5-fluorouracil and mitomycin on the healing of intestinal anastomosis
(2007) Vijay K. Shukla; Manoj Pandey; P.C.L. Das; S.K. Tiwary; J.P.N. Chansouria; Mohan Kumar; Gurpreet Singh; S.K. Pandey; Gajendra Singh
Objective: Antineoplastic agents affect the healing of intestinal anastomosis. The aim was to evaluate the effect of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and mitomycin on the healing of the intestinal anastomosis and their schedule of administration. Material and Methods: Eighty-nine male albino Charles Foster rats with a mean weight of 256.57 g were divided into six groups. Group A represents the control, while in others varying schedules of chemotherapy (5-FU and mitomycin) were administered. The sacrifices were made on days 7, 14 and 21 postoperatively and bursting pressure and hydroxyproline content were measured. Results: Nine rats died before completion of the experiment and were excluded. Adhesions were noted in all rats on sacrifice. The mean bursting pressure of normal intestine (group A) was 252 mm Hg. The bursting pressure was lower on day 7 (208 mm Hg) and it subsequently increased by day 21 (230 mm Hg). The mean bursting pressure in groups B, C, D and E was 174, 194, 182 and 188 mm Hg and it subsequently increased to 232, 272, 244 and 286 mm Hg. There was no difference in the pattern of bursting pressure in colon and ileum. The mean hydroxyproline content of ileum (group A) on day 7 was 34.37 mg/g tissue. The hydroxyproline content of the ileum in groups B, C, D and E was 15.08, 27.03, 7.75 and 21.04 mg/g tissue. There was a significant decrease in hydroxyproline content following anastomosis and chemotherapy. Conclusions: The effect of chemotherapy was pronounced when administered on the day of surgery or in the immediate pre- or postoperative period. Hence administration of chemotherapy during this period may be harmful. Copyright © 2007 S. Karger AG.
Effect of Asparagus racemosus on the liver of non-pregnant and pregnant rats
(Indian Drug Manufacturers' Association, 2001) S.K. Pandey; A. Sahay
Asparagus racemosus, known as 'Satawari' is a popular drug of Indian medicine, which is commonly used as tonic especially in pregnancy, lactation and gynecological disorders. Predominant cornification of the epithelial cells have been observed in the treated groups which support the presence of estrogenic activity in satawari. In the present study, the macro and microscopic effect of satawari, on liver, were observed in non-pregnant and pregnant albino rats, as the liver is a chief metabolic organ. On gross examination the non-pregnant treated group had liver larger and heavier (P < 0.05) as compared to control. Microscopic examination showed congestion, bile plags, mild cellular degeneration, fibrosis and leucocytic infiltration around the portal triad area, in non-pregnant group but kuffer's cells hyperplasia and nuclear enlargement showed in both experimental groups.
Effect of Asparagus racemosus rhizome (Shatavari) on mammary gland and genital organs of pregnant rat
(2005) S.K. Pandey; A. Sahay; R.S. Pandey; Y.B. Tripathi
Asparagus racemosus (AR) Willd (family Liliaceae) is commonly known as Shatavari. The alcoholic extract of its rhizome was administered orally to adult pregnant female albino rats at a dose of 30 mg/100 g body weight, daily for 15 days (days 1-15 of gestation). The macroscopic findings revealed a prominence of the mammary glands, a dilated vaginal opening and a transversely situated uterine horn in the treated group of animals. The weight of the uterine horns of the treated group was found to be significantly higher (p < 0.001) but the length was shorter (p > 0.01). Microscopic examination of the treated group showed proliferation in the lumen of the duct of mammary gland. It was obliterated due to hypertrophy of ductal and glandular cells. Hyperplasia of the glandular and muscular tissue and hypertrophy of the glandular cells were observed in the genital organs. The parenchyma of the genital organs showed abundant glycogen granules with dilated blood vessels and thickening of the epithelial lining. The oviduct in the treated group showed hypertrophied muscular wall, whereas the ovary revealed no effect of the drug. The results suggest an oestrogenic effect of Shatavari on the female mammary gland and genital organs. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of Asparagus recemosus on the mammary gland and genital organs in virgin rat
(Indian Drug Manufacturers' Association, 2003) A. Sahay; S.K. Pandey
Asparagus racemosus (A.R.) root extract administered orally with the dose of 30 mg/100 gm body weight daily for 20 days, to the virgin adult female albino rats. On gross examination the effect of the drug showed mammary gland getting prominent, vaginal opening dilated and more numerous blood vessels around the genital organs. The whole uterii of the treated group were found significantly heavier (p<0.001). Microscopic examination of the treated group revealed the hyperplasia of glandular tissue of the mammary gland. The various layers of the wall of vagina and uterus revealed thickening and dilated blood vessels. Compact cornification of the vaginal epithelium and other findings, in treated group of animal, indicating the estrogenic effect of the drug. The findings suggest dose related phytoesterogenic action of A.R. root extract. Therapeutic use of A.R., in human as feminine tonic to promote the development of secondary sex characters in young female.
Effect of isonicotinic acid hydrazide on the developing central nervous system of chick embryo
(1986) G.C. Sensharma; S.K. Pandey
[No abstract available]