Browsing by Author "Satish Kumar Singh"

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A Comparative Study of Soil and Foliar Nickel Application on Growth, Yield and Nutritional Quality of Barley (Hordeum Vulgare L.) Grown in Inceptisol
(Bellwether Publishing, Ltd., 2021) Omkar Kumar; Satish Kumar Singh; Abhik Patra; Ashish Latare; Sobh Nath Yadav
Nickel (Ni) deficiency is common in intensively cultivated soils. As Ni is a costly input, thus, judicious use in agriculture is needed to address its deficiency economically. In view of deficiency of Ni, a field experiment was conducted to evaluate the responses for soil (SA), foliar (FA) and combination of these two methods of Ni application on growth, yield, nutritional quality and bio-chemical properties of soil using barley as a test crop. Foliar application of 0.2% NiSO4 significantly enhanced growth, yield, and nutrients concentration in grain as compared to SA. The highest grain and straw yield was in 5.0 kg SA Ni ha−1 + 0.2% FA of NiSO4 but it was statically at par with 0.2% FA of NiSO4. Application of 10 kg SA Ni ha−1 + 0.2% FA of NiSO4 resulted in a significant yield decrease. The maximum bacterial population was with 5 kg SA Ni ha−1, whereas actinomycetes population in 7.5 kg SA Ni ha−1. However, higher dose of Ni had a synergistic effect on the fungal population and urease enzyme activity. It was inferred that 0.2% FA of NiSO4 may be economically used over soil application to mitigate the deficiency of Ni in barley. © 2021 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
A direct metal-free decarboxylative sulfono functionalization (DSF) of cinnamic acids to α,β-unsaturated phenyl sulfones
(American Chemical Society, 2015) Rahul Singh; Bharat Kumar Allam; Neetu Singh; Kumkum Kumari; Satish Kumar Singh; Krishna Nand Singh
A metal-free room temperature decarboxylative cross-coupling between cinnamic acids and arylsulfonyl hydrazides has been realized for the first time for the synthesis of (E)-vinyl sulfones. The scope and versatility of the reaction has been demonstrated by the regio- and stereoselective synthesis of 22 derivatives with diverse structural features. © 2015 American Chemical Society.
An efficient and mild deprotection of 1,3-oxathiolanes to carbonyl compounds using the superoxide ion
(2009) Satish Kumar Singh; Krishna Nand Singh
An efficient deprotection of 1,3-oxathiolanes to carbonyl compounds has been achieved under the mild reaction conditions of tetraethylammonium superoxide in an aprotic medium at room temperature.
An efficient and mild superoxide induced Michael addition of indoles to α,β-unsaturated ketones
(Indian Chemical Society, 2012) Satish Kumar Singh; Krishna Nand Singh
A facile Michael addition of indoles to electron-deficient olefins has been accomplished in the presence of tetraethylammonium superoxide at room temperature in reasonably good yields. The substitution on the indole ring occurred exclusively at 3-position without a trace of any N-alkylated products.
An efficient L-proline catalyzed four-component synthesis of β-acetamido ketones and esters
(2013) Neetu Singh; Satish Kumar Singh; Krishna Nand Singh
An environmentally benign synthesis of p-acetamido carbonyl compounds has been achieved in high yields by one-pot multicomponent condensation of aryl aldehyde, acetyl chloride, acetonitrile/benzonitrile and enolisable ketone/ester in the catalytic presence of L-proline.
An efficient mono-mode MW controlled multicomponent synthesis of polysubstituted benzenes under solvent-free conditions
(2010) Krishna Nand Singh; Satish Kumar Singh
Microwave-assisted, solvent-free one-step multicomponent and efficient synthesis of polysubstituted benzene derivatives has been achieved in reasonably good yield from ethylchloroacetate, aromatic aldehydes and malononitrile in the presence of pyridine.
An efficient use of microwave-superoxide combination for the synthesis of organic carbamates and dithiocarbamates
(Scientific Publishers, 2008) Satish Kumar Singh; Manjusha Verma; Krishna Nand Singh
The present report demonstrates an efficient use of microwave- tetraethylammonium superoxide combination under non-aqueous conditions to bring about a mild and safe carbamation/thiocarbamation of amines, using carbon dioxide/carbon disulfide and methyl iodide.
An Overview of Micronutrients: Prospects and Implication in Crop Production
(Springer International Publishing, 2020) Hanuman Singh Jatav; L. Devarishi Sharma; Rahul Sadhukhan; Satish Kumar Singh; Surendra Singh; Vishnu D. Rajput; Manoj Parihar; Surendra Singh Jatav; Dinesh Jinger; Sunil Kumar; Sukirtee
Micronutrients are important for plant growth and they significantly play an important role in balanced crop nutrition. They are vital for appropriate growth and development of plants in their entire life span. A deficiency of any one of the micronutrients in the soil can limit the growth of plants, even when all other nutrients are available in adequate amounts. The deficiency of micronutrients is widespread in many areas due to the nature of soils, high pH, low organic matter, salt stress, continuous drought, high bicarbonate content in irrigation water and imbalanced application of fertilisers. In India, the most deficient micronutrient in the soil is Zn, followed by B. In recent years, the deficiency of micronutrient has risen to a great extent. Zn and B deficiencies are focussed mainly for their adverse impacts on human health and food production. This chapter attempts to examine the defects of Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu, B and Mo deficiency in the soil and crops as well as the management of micronutrient deficiencies by way of fertilisation, development of agronomic strategies and creation of awareness of micronutrient dose. Deficiencies of Zn and B cause some severe complications in crop production in India. In view of the problems, we discuss the importance of micronutrients in agriculture and their roles and ways to improve crop productivity. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020.
Application of Sewage Sludge in a Rice (Oryza sativa L.)-Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) System Influences the Growth, Yield, Quality and Heavy Metals Accumulation of Rice and Wheat in the Northern Gangetic Alluvial Plain
(MDPI, 2022) Surendra Singh Jatav; Satish Kumar Singh; Manoj Parihar; Amnah Mohammed Alsuhaibani; Ahmed Gaber; Akbar Hossain
For a sustainable and profitable agriculture production system, balanced and integrated use of nutrients is a key strategy. In addition, partial replacement of chemical fertilizers with organics ones reduces both environmental concerns and economic costs and provides greater soil health benefits. With this hypothesis, an experiment was conducted to assess the yield and economic benefits of a rice-wheat cropping system (RWCS) as influenced by the joint application of sewage sludge (SSL) and fertilizer. The treatments comprised: without fertilizer or SSL; 100% recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF); 100% RDF + 20 Mg ha−1 SSL; 100% RDF + 30 Mg ha−1 SSL; 50% RDF + 20 Mg ha−1 SSL; 60% RDF + 20 Mg ha−1 SSL; 70% RDF + 20 Mg ha−1 SSL; 50% RDF + 30 Mg ha−1 SSL; 60% RDF + 30 Mg ha−1 SSL and 70% RDF + 30 Mg ha−1 SSL. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with three replications. The result of our study indicate that the highest percent increase in mean plant height i.e., ~14.85 and ~13.90, and grain yield i.e., ~8.10 and ~18.90 for rice and wheat, respectively, were recorded under 100% RDF + 30 Mg SSL ha−1 treatment compared to 100% RDF, while 70% RDF + 20 Mg ha−1 SSL produced a statistically equivalent grain yield of 100% RDF in RWCS. The application of 20 and 30 Mg SSL ha−1 along with recommended or reduced fertilizer dose, significantly increased the heavy metal content in plant and soil systems above that of 100% RDF, but this enhancement was found within permissible limits. Moreover, the reduced use of SSL i.e., 20 Mg SSL ha−1, resulted in lower heavy metal content in grain and soil than did the 30 Mg ha−1 SSL treatment, but significantly higher than in the absolute control or 100% RDF treatment. In summary, the use of 20 Mg ha−1 SSL along with 70% RDF provided a safer, profitable and sustainable option in a rice-wheat cropping system in the middle Ganegatic alluvial plain. © 2022 by the authors.
Assessment of micronutrients fractionations and mobility in soils of eastern Uttar Pradesh
(Indian Council of Agricultural Research, 2021) Abhik Patra; Satish Kumar Singh; Surendra Singh Jatav; Ravindra Kumar Rekwar
In the present investigation, an attempt has been made to assess the various chemical forms and mobility factor (MF) for zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) in different soils of eastern Uttar Pradesh.For this purpose, surface soil (0-15 cm) samples from two different locations were collected under Entisol, Inceptisol, Vertisol and Alfisol during 2019-20 and analysis was done in the laboratory of Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, BHU, Varanasi.The modified Tessier sequential extraction procedure was used to determine the chemical pools of Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn in each soil.Results indicated that total metal content follows the order of Fe>Mn>Zn>Cu across the soil orders, whereas mobility factor of micronutrients arranged as: Mn>Cu>Zn>Fe.The highest exchangeable (F1), carbonate bound (F2), Fe-Mn oxides bound (F3), organically bound (F4) and residual (F5) fraction were recorded in Inceptisol, Vertisol, Alfisol, Inceptisol and Alfisol, respectively for micronutrients, i.e.Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn.The mean percentage value of various micronutrients fractions were in the order of F5>F3>F4>F2>F 1, except Mn, whose chemical forms follows the order of F3>F5>F4>F2>F1.The Zn and Cu were highly mobile in Vertisol while Fe and Mn in Entisol. © 2021 Indian Council of Agricultural Research. All rights reserved.
Biochar and Sewage Sludge Application Increases Yield and Micronutrient Uptake in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
(Taylor and Francis Inc., 2018) Hanuman Singh Jatav; Satish Kumar Singh; Yadvir Singh; Omkar Kumar
A greenhouse experiment was conducted in the Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi (U.P.), India, during kharif 2013 to find out the effect of biochar and sewage sludge (SS) on growth, yield, and micronutrient uptake in rice crop. Nine treatments were employed using six different doses of biochar (2.5, 5.0, 7.5 10, 15, and 20 t ha−1) amended with a fixed dose of SS (30 t ha−1) and 50% recommended dose of nitrogen (50% RDN), i.e., 60 kg ha−1. Other three treatments were absolute control (no fertilizers), 100% recommended dose of fertilizers (100% RDF) which was 120:60:60 kg ha−1 as nitrogen (N): phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5):dipotassium oxide (K2O), and 30 t ha−1SS + 50% RDN. Experimental results showed a significant increase in yield of rice crop with increasing levels of biochar along with SS. Application of biochar at 20 t ha−1 along with 30 t ha−1SS increased grain yield to the extent of 2.5 times over absolute control (no fertilizers) and 8.5% over control (100% RDF). The uptake of iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and manganese (Mn) (micronutrients) increased significantly with graded doses of biochar application from 2.5 to 20 t ha−1 in the soil. The maximum micronutrient uptake and grain yield of rice were found in T9 where 30 t ha−1SS along with 20 t ha−1 biochar was applied with only 50% RDN. The maximum availability of micronutrients in soil was found with 30 t ha−1 of SS + 50% RDN (T3) followed by conjoint application of 20 t ha−1 of biochar and 30 t ha−1 SS + 50% RDN (T9). © 2018, © 2018 Taylor & Francis.
Biogeoaccumulation of zinc in hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.) in an Inceptisol amended with soil zinc application and its bioavailability to human being
(Federation of Eurasian Soil Science Societies, 2022) Kiran Kumar Mohapatra; Satish Kumar Singh; Abhik Patra; Surendra Singh Jatav; Vishnu D. Rajput; Victoria Popova; Olesya Puzikova; Olga Nazarenko; Svetlana Sushkova
Soil Zn amended is an efficient agronomical Zn biofortification approach in rice. However, it is still need to know if higher rate of Zn over recommended dose can influence other essential nutrient uptake, high accumulation of Zn in soils and health risk for human consumption. This study was conducted by taking ten treatments (T1: control, T2: RDF, T3: RDF + 1.25 mg kg-1, T4: RDF + 2.5 mg kg-1, T5: RDF + 3.75 mg kg-1, T6: RDF + 5 mg kg-1, T7: RDF + 6.25 mg kg-1, T8: RDF + 7.5 mg kg-1, T9: RDF + 8.75 mg kg-1, T10: RDF + 10 mg kg-1) on hybrid rice in Zn (1.20 mg kg-1) enriched soil. The findings have shown that 6.25 mg kg-1 Zn application significantly increased crop growth and grain concentrations of N, K, Zn, Cu and Fe by 71.4, 125, 78.9, 28.5 and 2.4%, respectively. Nutrient harvest index was significantly affected by ranged between 29.1–36.4%. Application of Zn at 6.25 mg kg-1 (T7) recorded the highest Zn concentration in grain (28.2 mg kg-1) and bioavailability of the fortified Zn (2.05 mg Zn day-1). The lowest phytatic acid concentration in grain was recorded in T8 (RDF + Zn at 7.5 mg kg-1) and after that a significant increase was observed. Transfer coefficient was inversely behaving with Zn application and ranged between 6.03–18.0 grain. The average daily intake of Zn was ranged between 0.075–0.118 mg-1 kg-1 day. Across different treatments the Zn build-up factor, geo-accumulation index and soil enrichment factor was ranged between 0.98–4.90,-0.61–1.70 and 0.24–1.82, respectively in post-harvest soil. In conclusion, agronomic biofortification of Zn through soil applications at 6.25 mg Zn kg-1 was a sustainable way to improving growth and grain Zn, N, K, Cu and Fe uptake of hybrid rice to meet human recruitment. © 2022 Federation of Eurasian Soil Science Societies. All rights reserved.
Biological nitrification inhibition for sustainable crop production
(Elsevier, 2021) Rahul Sadhukhan; Hanuman Singh Jatav; Suman Sen; Laimayum Devarishi Sharma; Vishnu D. Rajput; Rojeet Thangjam; Anoop Kumar Devedee; Satish Kumar Singh; Andrey Gorovtsov; Sourav Choudhury; Kiranmay Patra
[No abstract available]
Chemical fractionations and mobility of heavy metals in soils of eastern Uttar Pradesh
(Indian Council of Agricultural Research, 2021) Abhik Patra; Satish Kumar Singh; Arghya Chattopadhyay; Vinod Kumar Sharma; Ravindra Kumar Rekwar
In the current investigation, an attempt has been made to assess the various chemical forms and mobility factor (MF) for lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr) and nickel (Ni) in four soils of eastern Uttar Pradesh.For this purpose, two different surface soil samples were collected from each of Entisol, Inceptisol, Vertisol and Alfisol soil orders during 2019-20.The modified Tessier sequential extraction procedure was applied to determine the chemical pools of Pb, Cd, Cr and Ni in each soil.Results indicated that total metal content follows the order of Pb>Cr>Ni>Cd across the orders, whereas mobility factor of micronutrients could be arranged as: Cd>Pb>Ni>Cr.The bioavailable metal fraction of all micronutrients, i.e.exchangeable pool (Fl) was maximum in Inceptisol.The highest carbonate bound (F2), Fe-Mn oxides bound (F3), organically bound (F4) and residual (F5) fraction were recorded in Vertisol, Alfisol, Inceptisol and Alfisol, respectively for all heavy metals.The mean percentage value of Pb and Ni fractions were in the order of F5>F3>F4>F2>F 1, whereas Cd whose chemical fractions follows the order of F2>F3>F4>F5>F 1.The Pb was highly mobile in Vertisol, Ni in Inceptisol, while Cd and Cr in Entisol.Therefore, availability and mobility of heavy metals in the soil environment depends mainly on their association with various chemical fractions of the soil which relies on the mineralogical origin of the metals. © 2021 Indian Council of Agricultural Research. All rights reserved.
Comparative Study of Various Nanofertilizers and Their Impact on Crop Yield
(Springer Science+Business Media, 2025) Purushottam Dev; Shubham Jaiswal; Sarbasree P. Goswami; Satish Kumar Singh
Population explosion is one of the burning issues for a resource scare country like India and it has forced farmers, scientists, and policymaker to think other than traditional ways to feed the humongous population. Use of conventional fertilizer doesn’t look viable as it has led to multi-nutrient deficient soil, low nutrients use efficiency, and coupled with several other problems. In last few decades, nanotechnology has extended their multifaceted application in agriculture, including nano herbicides, nano-pesticides, and other agrochemicals. Nanofertilizer is not a new concept and it has been in application due to its higher use efficiency, low cost, and avoidance of the negative aspects of traditional fertilizer. The prime aim of this chapter is to discuss comprehensively the role of nanofertilizers in enhancing the crop productivity, underlying the mechanism of its uptake, and fortifying the crop with essential nutrients. Nanofertilizer has proven effective in increasing crop yield and productivity under diverse soil system and agro-climatic conditions in a sustainable way. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.
Comparative transcriptomic profiling of High- and Low- grain Zinc and Iron containing Indian wheat genotypes
(Elsevier B.V., 2019) Vinod Kumar Mishra; Saurabh Gupta; Ramesh Chand; Punam Singh Yadav; Satish Kumar Singh; Arun Kumar Joshi; Pritish Kumar Varadwaj
Development of minerals rich grains with stress tolerance response (STR) wheat cultivars will help to eradicate malnutrition problem globally. The current study deals with the comparative transcriptome analysis of 4 High- and 3 Low- grain Zinc (Zn) & Iron (Fe) containing wheat genotypes (HZFWGs, LZFWGs) to elucidate the genes responsible for mineral transportation mechanism and stress tolerance response(STR). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and their functional role in metabolic pathways of mineral transportation, as well as other important pathways, have been explored. Gene ontology (GO) and pathways analysis revealed that phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and other associated pathways are mainly involved in plant stress defense mechanism in both genotypes. Chlorophyll synthesis, purine metabolism, Zn & Fe binding, metal ion transport, and ATP-Synthase coupled transport mechanism are highly active in HZFWGs while ribosomal formation, biomolecules binding activities and secondary metabolite biosynthesis in LZFWGs. It was also found that genes accountable for minerals uptake and purine metabolism in HZFWGs are highly enriched. The genes identified in this study may be used for marker-assisted selection and breeding to develop minerals rich crops. © 2019 The Authors
Conservation Agriculture for Soil Health and Carbon Sequestration in the Indian Himalayan Region
(Springer Singapore, 2023) Ashish Rai; Sumit Tripathi; Ayush Bahuguna; Sumit Rai; Jitendra Rajput; Anshu Gangwar; Rajeev Kumar Srivastava; Arvind Kumar Singh; Satish Kumar Singh; Dibyanshu Shekhar; Rahul Mishra; Eetela Sathyanarayana; Supriya Pandey
Mountains the most significant agro-ecosystems that directly or indirectly support human life. The areas surrounding the hills are abundant in biodiversity and have enormous potential for sustaining Indian agriculture. It has been widely recognised that the ecological fragility and sensitivity of the Himalayas to climatic aberrations, topography, peculiar geographical features, and some of the particular identified problems, which may be soil loss, runoff, steep slopes, acidity of soils, and loss of soil nutrients, form it a very distinct region as opposed to plains in terms of socioeconomic situation. Conventional agriculture was one of the best aspects of food production during the green revolution and after India gained its independence for securing food and nutrition through intensive agricultural practices, but on the flip side, it has simultaneous effects on resource degradation and soil biodiversity. The need for food and fodder, an ever-growing population, the preservation of soil biodiversity, declining soil health, climate change, the use of unbalanced fertilisers, and decreased farm profitability all call for a paradigm shift in the agriculture sector. On the other hand, increasing the intensity of the hillside agriculture system without implementing any conservation measures greatly increases the likelihood of disastrous conditions. Conservation agriculture has long been known to improve soil health and sustain agricultural production systems by reducing environmental footprints. Between the atmosphere and the lithosphere, numerous biological and physical processes are regulated by soils. An integral aspect of soil that promotes agricultural sustainability is soil health. However, each measurement of a specific soil health parameter is always tied to a unique set of circumstances. A fundamental concern in maintaining soil health to feed an expanding population is resource conservation. Climate change is a topic of discussion on a worldwide scale in the current globalisation context. The greenhouse effect is best for life but only up to a point beyond which it becomes dangerous. Due to urbanisation, changes in land use, cropping patterns, and other factors, human influences on climate change go beyond the range of natural fluctuation. Climate change in the soil system is significantly influenced by carbon regulation in the soil. The rate of organic matter decomposition is accelerated by an increase in mean annual temperature, which affects aggregate stability, water storage capacity, and nutrient balance— all of which are crucial for healthy soil structure, soil fertility, productivity, and sustainability. In actuality, soil bacteria break down organic materials, but a change in temperature regime may change the microbial population. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2023.
Current State of Knowledge in Diagnosis and Mitigation of Micronutrients Deficiency in Crop Production from an Indian Prospective
(Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2022) Satish Kumar Singh; Astha Pandey; Ayush Bahuguna; Kiran Kumar Mohapatra; Abhik Patra; Eetela Sathyanarayana; Hanuman Singh Jatav; Surendra Singh Jatav; Vishnu D. Rajput
Indian soils are fairly satisfactory with respect to total micronutrient content. But in spite of the relatively high total contents, micronutrient deficiencies have been frequently reported in many crops due to low levels of available micronutrients in soils. Based on the critical limits followed in different states of India, the status of the micronutrients deficiencies was assessed in different soils under the leadership of ICAR All India Coordinated Research Project on Micro- and Secondary Nutrients and Pollutant Elements in Soils and Plants (AICRP-MSPE). In addition to single micronutrient deficiencies, multimicronutrient deficiencies have emerged in different areas of the country over the years, posing a threat to the sustainability of agriculture. Various diagnostic procedures for micronutrients deficiency in soil and plants have been briefly discussed in this paper. In total 1421 field experiments were conducted on specific crops to determine the critical nutrient concentration of different micronutrients. Based on field experiments and crop response to micronutrients, generalized transition zones were worked out for different nutrients across the soil types. Various factors affecting micronutrients availability in soil and deficiency symptoms of micronutrients have been discussed along with their mitigation strategies. Hence this paper represents the current status of micronutrients in Indian soil with emerging solutions for micronutrient deficiency. © 2022 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc.
DBU-catalyzed expeditious and facile multicomponent synthesis of N-arylquinolines under microwave irradiation
(2012) Satish Kumar Singh; Krishna Nand Singh
N-Arylquinoline derivatives are obtained in excellent yields by a rapid, easy, and efficient one-pot multicomponent reaction of aromatic aldehydes, 3-arylamino-5,5-dimethylcyclohex-2-enone, and active methylene compounds utilizing 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU) as a catalyst in ethanol under microwave irradiation. © Springer-Verlag 2011.
Eco-friendly and facile one-pot multicomponent synthesis of acridinediones in water under microwave
(2011) Satish Kumar Singh; Krishna Nand Singh
A rapid, improved, and environmentally benign synthesis of 4-arylacridinediones is reported via one-pot multicomponent reaction of aromatic aldehydes, dimedone, and ammonium acetate in water without any catalyst under microwave irradiation. Excellent yields, shortest reaction time, and easy work-up are attractive features of this green protocol. © 2010 HeteroCorporation.