Browsing by Author "Satyanam Kumar Bhartiya"

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A Randomized, Placebo-controlled, Double-blind Clinical Trial of Bacteriophage Cocktails in Chronic Wound Infections
(SAGE Publications Inc., 2024) Subhash Lal Karn; Satyanam Kumar Bhartiya; Arvind Pratap; Sanjay Kumar Saroj; Rajesh Kumar; Minakshi Sahu; Mayank Gangwar; Gopal Nath
Background: Chronic wounds are prevalent globally at endemic proportions. The common features associated with chronic wounds are prolonged inflammatory phase, infection with multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria, and subsequent biofilm formation. The present randomized-controlled trial (RCT) study was undertaken on chronic wounds of ≥6 weeks longer duration using customized phages to evaluate the efficacy and safety of bacteriophage therapy. Methods: The study was conducted from December 2021 to August 2023. Thirty patients in each of the arms (placebo and bacteriophage) were recruited with chronic wounds. The patients, both arms, received the conventional treatment of wound debridement, local antiseptics, and local and systemic antibiotics at the discretion of the treating surgeon. However, before applying the customized bacteriophage cocktail or placebo, the wound surface was thoroughly washed to remove the residual antiseptics. The phage cocktails or placebo were applied on alternate days. The wounds were evaluated using the Bates-Jensen Wound Assessment Tool for the progress of wound healing. Results: A total of 93.3% of the wound became sterile in 39 days (median sterility time), followed by complete healing by the end of 90 days in the phage group. Contrary to this, 83.3% of those on placebo therapy remained colonized by original bacteria or additional new bacteria without healing for up to 90 days. Conclusion: With the well-designed RCT, we could conclude that customized bacteriophage therapy using bacteriophage cocktails will definitely cure the chronic wound, irrespective of age, sex, diabetes status, and infection by MDR bacteria. © The Author(s) 2024.
An in vivo wound model utilizing bacteriophage therapy of pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms
(Cliggott Publishing Co., 2015) Somprakas Basu; Manav Agarwal; Satyanam Kumar Bhartiya; Gopal Nath; Vijay Kumar Shukla
Bacteriophages have been used as effective therapy against bacterial biofilms on devices such as catheters, in the lungs such as in cystic fibrosis, and even in infected food. Unlike antibiotics, they are bacteria-specific and produce the desired effect without systemic complications; they can develop bacterial resistance, although in ways different from antibiotics. The present study aimed to assess the effect of bacteriophages against multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a mouse wound model. P. aeruginosa obtained from laboratory culture of burn wounds were characterized, harvested, and titrated, and biofilms were generated on sterile catheter sections (105 colony forming units/mL). Subcutaneous pockets were created on the backs of 24 male albino mice. Animals were randomized into 4 groups of 6 each. After evaluating a significant phage-bacteria interaction in vitro, 2 biofilm-laden catheter sections were implanted in subcutaneous pockets in mouse groups C and D. Sterile catheter sections only were implanted in group B. Group A had only a subcutaneous pocket without any catheter section. Phage cocktail solutions (10 μL of 107 phage forming units/mL) were injected daily in group D pockets only. Groups B and C received 10 μL of normal saline. After 10 days, the catheter sections were explanted from groups B, C, and D and tissue biopsy was taken from group A pockets and cultured for bacterial and phage colony counts. A significant drop in bacterial counts from 3.87×106 to 3.52×104 was observed in group D when compared with group C (3.87×106 to 3.85×105, P <0.05) A significant rise in the phage counts from 1×107 to 6.81×108 (P <0.05) also was observed in group D when compared with the baseline counts, indicating active phage proliferation and successful bacterial kill in group D. The present laboratory study could be indicative of a new treatment approach for multidrug-resistant bacterial infections, including wound infections.
Association of Methylenetetrahydrafolate Reductase Gene Polymorphism (MTHFR) in Patients with Gallbladder Cancer
(Humana Press Inc., 2016) Ruhi Dixit; Gyanendra Singh; Manoj Pandey; Somprakas Basu; Satyanam Kumar Bhartiya; K.K. Singh; Vijay Kumar Shukla
Purpose: 5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is a key enzyme in folate metabolism and plays a major role in DNA methylation. There are two popular MTHFR polymorphisms known as C677T and A1298C which are found to be involved in folate metabolism and lowering the enzyme activity, thus may be linked with cancer development. This study aims to look at the association of these polymorphisms in gallbladder cancer. Methods: Thirty patients each with gallbladder cancer, cholelithiasis, and normal gallbladder were genotyped for the above-given polymorphisms by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method. Results: C677T MTHFR polymorphism was not associated (χ2 = 2.44, p = 0.85) with an increased likelihood of having gallbladder cancer. A1298C was significantly associated (χ2 = 28.87, p < 0.001) with risk of developing gallbladder cancer. A1298C was significantly correlated with grade (r = 0.337, p < 0.001) and histopathology (r = 0.446, p < 0.001). Conclusion: This study proposed that MTHFR A1298C polymorphism may be associated with risk of developing gallbladder cancer, and there is no association between C677T polymorphism and gallbladder cancer. © 2015, Springer Science+Business Media New York.
Bacteriophage Therapy of Chronic Nonhealing Wound: Clinical Study
(SAGE Publications Inc., 2019) Pooja Gupta; Hari Shankar Singh; Vijay K. Shukla; Gopal Nath; Satyanam Kumar Bhartiya
Background: A chronic wound usually results due to halt in the inflammatory phase of wound healing. Bacterial infections and biofilm formation are considered to be the basic cause of it. Chronic wounds significantly impair the quality of life. Antibiotics are now failing due to biofilm formation emergence of drug-resistant bacteria. Objective: This study aims to see the effect of bacteriophage therapy in chronic nonhealing wound infected with the following bacteria: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Subject: Patients with chronic nonhealing wound not responding to conventional local debridement and antibiotic therapy were included in the study. The age of patients ranged between 12 and 60 years. Method: A total of 20 patients selected and tissue biopsies and wound swabs were taken for isolation of the bacteria. After confirmation of organism, a cocktail of customized bacteriophages was topically applied over the wound on alternate days till the wound surface became microbiologically sterile. Mean bacterial count and clinical assessment were done and compared at the time of presentation and after 3 and 5 doses of application. Results: A significant improvement was observed in the wound healing, and there were no signs of infection clinically and microbiologically after 3 to 5 doses of topical bacteriophage therapy. Seven patients achieved complete healing on day21 during follow up while in others healthy margins and healthy granulation tissue were observed. Conclusion: Topical bacteriophage application may be quite effective therapy for the treatment of chronic nonhealing wounds. © The Author(s) 2019.
Biological Therapy on Infected Traumatic Wounds: A Case-Control Study
(SAGE Publications Inc., 2024) Satyanam Kumar Bhartiya; Rina Prasad; Sumit Sharma; VijayKumar Shukla; Gopal Nath; Rajesh Kumar
Background:Traumatic wound is a great challenging issue to surgeons, because of large in size, heavily contaminated, infected and unscenic. Infection proceeded to progressive tissue necrosis, septicemia, organ failure or even death. Majority has polymicrobial infections. Bacteriohage therapy will have revolutionized in the treatment of wound. The present study was planned to evaluate the efficacy of topical bacteriophage therapy on large traumatic wounds in comparison with conventional therapy. Methods:The Study conducted from Sept. 2018 to July 2020. Samples between 12- 60 years was taken into study. Customized bacteriophage applied over the wound after serial debridement in case and conventional dressing in control. Fifty four wounded person met the clinical inclusion criteria; 27 in each group. Wound swab and tissue biopsy was taken for bacterial isolation. Isolated specific phage was applied over the wound on alternate day till the wound become sterile and fit for further definitive management. Results: A significant and rapid improvement was observed in wound healing in cases then control group. Average number of day required for complete granulation of wound and attaining sterility was half in cases then control. The hospital stay of the patients on BT was half (20days) than those on CT (40 days). The financial analysis also favours the BT over CT as only 1/third expenditure incurred in BT group as compared to CT Conclusion:Topical Bacteriophage therapy is efficient, effective to clearing the infection in shorter length of time and cost effective for infected traumatic wounds as compared to conventional dressing. © The Author(s) 2022.
Evidence-Based Therapeutic Potential of Natural Seed Oil of Desert Date/Ingudi (Balanites aegyptiaca Linn. Delile) in Chronic Diabetic Wound
(Springer, 2023) Sanjeev Kumar; Anurag Mishra; Kamal Nayan Dwivedi; Neelu Singh; Abhishek Kumar; Satyanam Kumar Bhartiya; S. Krishnamoorthi; Amit Kumar; Bharat Goel; Shreyans K. Jain
This study is to clarify the things said in Ayurveda and Sanskrit literature with evidence in today's context that Balanites aegyptiaca oil (BAO) was used on humans and animals to heal wounds without any side effects. BAO was tested for its wound-healing potential on a diabetic patient. The topical application of the BAO caused wound closure that was ascertained by histopathological changes that occurred during the treatment at the site of application. The phytochemical analysis of BAO resulted in the isolation of potential marker compounds such as diosgenin, caffeic acid, stigmasterol, and fatty acids that may be contributing factors to its wound healing potential. However, underlying mechanisms need to be explored to understand the mechanism behind their wound-healing property. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The National Academy of Sciences, India.
Fatal Cutaneous Mucormycosis Caused by Apophysomyces elegans: A Case Report and Review of Literature
(SAGE Publications Inc., 2022) Munesh k Gupta; Vivek K Katiyar; Pooja Sharma; Rajesh kumar; Satyanam Kumar Bhartiya; Ragini Tilak
Primary cutaneous mucormycosis is a consequence of environmental Mucorales spores inoculation at the abraded skin. In a diabetic patient, these spores germinate quickly and disseminate hematogenously to the surroundings. Cutaneous mucormycosis is a rare but aggressive, invasive, and life-threatening fungal infection. Its presentation is nonspecific, but it rapidly results in necrosis of underneath tissues. Diagnosis can be readily made by KOH wet mount of excise tissue. However, a prompt diagnosis with multidisciplinary management is a prerequisite for a better outcome. We present a case of fatal cutaneous mucormycosis caused by Apophysomyces elegans, in a diabetic patient who succumbed to death despite extensive debridement and antifungal treatment. © The Author(s) 2022.
Minimally invasive techniques as adjuncts in low-versus high-lying retained rectal foreign bodies of autoerotic nature in young men: a tailored management algorithm with two contrasting case reports from India
(The Korean Society of Traumatology, 2024) Shubham Kumar Gupta; Vivek Kumar Katiyar; Sumit Sharma; Shashi Prakash Mishra; Satyanam Kumar Bhartiya
Retained rectal foreign bodies (RFBs) of an autoerotic nature represent an emerging and rare surgical emergency, posing a sensitive challenge for surgeons. RFBs exhibit a wide range of presentations and require varied management approaches, with the choice of treatment modality differing from case to case. Recently, minimally invasive techniques have been employed for the retrieval of RFBs. In 2021, the World Society of Emergency Surgery and the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma released guidelines on anorectal emergencies, highlighting the usefulness of these techniques as adjunctive tools for both diagnosis and ruling out associated complications. In this report, we describe two noteworthy cases of men who presented to the trauma emergency department with foreign bodies lodged in their rectums. We also highlight the potential role of minimally invasive techniques within a “step-up” approach for the management of retained RFBs. © 2024 The Korean Society of Traumatology.
Phage therapy: a revolutionary shift in the management of bacterial infections, pioneering new horizons in clinical practice, and reimagining the arsenal against microbial pathogens
(Frontiers Media SA, 2023) Subhash Lal Karn; Mayank Gangwar; Rajesh Kumar; Satyanam Kumar Bhartiya; Gopal Nath
The recent approval of experimental phage therapies by the FDA and other regulatory bodies with expanded access in cases in the United States and other nations caught the attention of the media and the general public, generating enthusiasm for phage therapy. It started to alter the situation so that more medical professionals are willing to use phage therapies with conventional antibiotics. However, more study is required to fully comprehend phage therapy’s potential advantages and restrictions, which is still a relatively new field in medicine. It shows promise, nevertheless, as a secure and prosperous substitute for antibiotics when treating bacterial illnesses in animals and humans. Because of their uniqueness, phage disinfection is excellent for ready-to-eat (RTE) foods like milk, vegetables, and meat products. The traditional farm-to-fork method can be used throughout the food chain to employ bacteriophages to prevent food infections at all production stages. Phage therapy improves clinical outcomes in animal models and lowers bacterial burdens in numerous preclinical investigations. The potential of phage resistance and the need to make sure that enough phages are delivered to the infection site are obstacles to employing phages in vivo. However, according to preclinical studies, phages appear to be a promising alternative to antibiotics for treating bacterial infections in vivo. Phage therapy used with compassion (a profound understanding of and empathy for another’s suffering) has recently grown with many case reports of supposedly treated patients and clinical trials. This review summarizes the knowledge on the uses of phages in various fields, such as the food industry, preclinical research, and clinical settings. It also includes a list of FDA-approved bacteriophage-based products, commercial phage products, and a global list of companies that use phages for therapeutic purposes. Copyright © 2023 Karn, Gangwar, Kumar, Bhartiya and Nath.
Study on Blood Serum Levels of Heavy and Trace Metals in Chronic Non-Healing Wounds
(SAGE Publications Inc., 2024) Ruhi Dixit; Naveen Kumar Chaudhary; Pradeep Kumar Mishra; Pradeep Srivastava; Satyanam Kumar Bhartiya; Arvind Pratap; Somprakas Basu; Vijay Kumar Shukla
Wound healing is a complex, highly regulated process that is important in sustaining the skin barrier function. The etiologic relation of specific metals is not adequately described for chronic non-healing wounds. The aim of this study was to estimate heavy and trace metals in chronic non-healing wound and their association with wound healing. The levels of zinc, selenium, copper, magnesium, chromium, cadmium, iron, and lead were estimated in serum of chronic non-healing wound patients using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The tests were carried out in 50 patients with chronic non-healing wound and thirty healthy volunteers as control. The serum levels of elements namely zinc, selenium, copper, magnesium, and chromium were significantly reduced in chronic non-healing wounds (P <.001) as compared to control. Lead and cadmium levels had shown the significantly increasing trend in chronic non-healing wound cases (P <.001). The present study demonstrated a significant decrease in serum, levels of selenium, zinc, copper, magnesium, iron, and chromium levels in patients with chronic non-healing wound indicating an association between these elements and wound healing. To summarize the findings of our research, hence trace elements were decreasing in chronic non-healing wound patients suggesting their role in wound healing. © The Author(s) 2022.
The Buruli Ulcer
(SAGE Publications Inc., 2015) Satendra Kumar; Somprakas Basu; Satyanam Kumar Bhartiya; Vijay Kumar Shukla
Buruli ulcer (BU) is caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans and can manifest as a simple nodule or as aggressive skin ulcers leading to debilitating osteoarthritis or limb deformity. The disease is more prevalent in those living in remote rural areas, especially in children younger than 15 years. The exact mode of transmission is possibly through traumatic skin lesions contaminated by M ulcerans. IS2404 polymerase chain reaction from ulcer swabs or biopsies is a rapid method for confirmation of BU. In coendemic countries, HIV infection complicates the progression of BU, leading to rapidly spreading osteomyelitis. Treatment is principally medical, with antitubercular drugs, and surgery is utilized for complicated disease. Because of ineffective vaccination, primary prevention is the best option for control of the disease. © SAGE Publications.
Treatment of Madhumehajanya vrana (Diabetic wound) of 57 years old male patient based on local application of Ingudi (Balanites aegyptiaca Linn. Delile) seed oil: A case study
(J. K. Welfare and Pharmascope Foundation, 2020) Sanjeev Kumar; Satyanam Kumar Bhartiya; Kamal Nayan Dwivedi
There is a sharp increase in the prevalence of diabetes and their complications across the globe. Madhumeha-janya vrana (Diabetic wound) has been a burden to society from ancient times. Diabetic Foot ulcers can deteriorate the complete health if left untreated. People who have madhumeha (diabetes) and develop an ulcer over the foot will end up having a lower limb amputation. These facts instigate researchers to develop new, cost-effective wound treatment for diabetic patients without side effects. This work aims to anticipate the clinical efficacy of Ingudi seed oil in madhumeha-janya Vrana (Diabetic wound) of Fifty-seven years old patient has developed a diabetic wound over the plantar aspect of the left foot. This oil treatment demonstrated compelling, and the injury mended totally inside 45 days. In any case, further assessment is needed to be finished by taking an enormous sample size to demonstrate its essentialness in treating Diabetic foot ulcer and evading lower appendage removal. The Ingudi seed oil has quick healing properties against diabetic wounds. The Ingudi seed oil is natural, safe and inexpensive for human chronic wound repair. © International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences.
Wandering Spleen and Acute Gastric Volvulus in an Elderly Woman with Acute Abdomen: A Case Report
(Dove Medical Press Ltd, 2023) Somprakas Basu; Arvind Pratap; Satyanam Kumar Bhartiya; Vijay Kumar Shukla
Gastric volvulus is an uncommon clinical condition with the potentially life-threatening complication of acute gastric necrosis. A wandering spleen may also be associated with gastric volvulus and can produce a diagnostic dilemma as the cause of an acute abdomen. We present a case of an elderly woman who presented with acute abdominal symptoms. She did not have the classical Borchardt triad to diagnose gastric volvulus and had a coexisting wandering spleen. Although torsion and ischemia of the wandering spleen were initially thought to be the cause of acute abdomen, a subsequent contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) scan confirmed a coexistent mesenteric-axial gastric volvulus with gangrenous changes. We present this case to highlight a rare combination of pathologies, either of which can confuse the diagnosis or cause a delay in management. Early diagnosis with CECT is emphasized, and segmental resection is feasible when the rest of the viscus can be preserved. © 2023 Basu et al. This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited.