Browsing by Author "Sulekha Pandey"

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Emergence of non-albicans Candida among candidal vulvovaginitis cases and study of their potential virulence factors, from a tertiary care center, North India
(2013) Varsha Kumari; Tuhina Banerjee; Pankaj Kumar; Sulekha Pandey; Ragini Tilak
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of various Candida species and study some of their virulence factors among thevulvovaginal candidiasis(VVC)patients. Study Design and Settings: The study was conducted in a Tertiary Care University Hospital in North India. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out prospectively for a period of 1 year. High vaginal swabs (HVSs) were collected from women in childbearing age group attending the gynecology and obstetrics out-patient departments with the complaints suggestive of vulvovaginitis. Samples were plated on Sabouraud's dextrose agar slope. Candida spp. isolated was further speciated based on microscopy, biochemical tests and culture characteristics on special media. Virulence factors of these strains were determined by biofilm formation and phospholipase activity. Result: A total of 464 HVS from 232 patients with the complaints of vulvovaginitis were included in this study. Following laboratory workup, 71 specimens were positive for genus Candida (30.6%). Further speciation showed 32.4% as Candida albicans, 45.07% Candida parapsilosis and 22.53% of Candida glabrata. Biofilm production was shown by 50 candidal strains (70.4%) and phospholipase activity was given by 41 candidal strains (57.74%). Conclusion: Our study suggests increasing prevalence of non-albicans Candida among the VVC cases along with their virulence factors. Therefore, we recommend that microbiological investigation upto species level should be mandatory to determine the emergence of non-albicans Candida as a major cause of VVC.
Nested multiplex PCR detection of human papillomavirus 16 and 18 in pre-invasive lesions and its implication in screening of carcinoma cervix
(2014) Pradyot Prakash; Shivesh Singh; Charul Dhakad; Sulekha Pandey; Mohan Kumar; Laxmi Kant Pandey; Amrita Ghosh Kar; Gopal Nath; Anil Kumar Gulati
Introduction: Carcinoma cervix is a preventable disease and is caused by certain high risk Papillomaviruses. In the present study, our aim was to investigate the utility of nested multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction in detecting HPV 16 and 18 in cervical scrapes/biopsy samples and to correlate with cervical cytology/ histopathology findngs. Methods: A total of 119 females were subjected for Papanicolaou smear examination of cervical scrapes and/ or histopathological examination of cervical tissues. These samples were also subjected to nested multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction targeting HPV 16/ 18 specific E6/7 gene sequences. Results: HPV 16/18 were detected in 33.6% (40/119) cases included in the study. The overall HPV 16/ 18 positivity among cases with Negative for Intraepithelial Lesion or Malignancy, Low grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion, and High grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion was observed to be 20.8%, 44%, and 66.7% respectively. Positivity for HPV 16 in cases with SCC was found to be 80%. HPV positivity among subjects reported with reactive cellular changes, a sub category of Negative for Intraepithelial Lesion or Malignancy, was observed to be 26.6%. Conclusion: HPV 16 and 18 positivity in cases reported with different stages of pre invasive lesions of carcinoma cervix, particularly in the subcategory reactive cellular changes of Negative for Intraepithelial Lesion or Malignancy, indicates that NMPCR detection of HPV 16/ 18 may be used as a screening tool for carcinoma cervix in conjunction with Papanicolaou smear examination.
Outcome of teenage pregnancy
(2007) Ashok Kumar; Tej Singh; Sriparna Basu; Sulekha Pandey; V. Bhargava
Objective. The objective of the study was to evaluate the obstetric, fetal and neonatal outcomes of teenage pregnancy in a tertiary care teaching hospital. Methods. A retrospective case control study was performed over a period of 5 years. Data were retrieved from hospital records. All teenage mothers (aged 13-19 completed years at delivery) delivering in the University Hospital were taken as cases. Next 3 consecutive deliveries in the age group of 20-30 year were selected as controls for each case. For statistical analysis the cases were further subdivided into 2 groups, ≤17 years (Group A) and 18-19 years (Group B). Groups were compared for obstetric complications and neonatal outcome. Statistical analysis was done by software package SPSS 10. Results. The incidence of teenage deliveries in hospital over last 5 years was 4.1%. Majority of the teenagers were primigravida (83.2% vs. 41.4%, p<0.01). Complications like pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) (11.4% vs 2.2%, p<0.01), pre-eclamptic toxemia (PET) (4.3% vs 0.6%, p<0.01) eclampsia (4.9% vs 0.6%, p<0.01) and premature onset of labor (26.1% vs 14.6%, p<0.01) occurred more commonly in teenagers compared to controls. Teenage mothers also had increased incidence of low birth weight (LBW) (50.4% vs 32.3%, p<0.01), premature delivery (51.8% vs 17.5%, p<0.01) and neonatal morbidities like perinatal asphyxia (11.7% vs 1.9%, p<0.01), jaundice (5.7% vs 1.2%, p<0.01) and respiratory distress syndrome (1.9% vs 0.3%, p<0.05). Teenage pregnancy was also associated with higher fetal (1.9% vs 0.3%, p<0.05) and neonatal mortality (3.8% vs 0.5%, p<0.05). Conclusion. Teenage pregnancy was associated with a significantly higher risk of PIH, PET, eclampsia, premature onset of labor, fetal deaths and premature delivery. Increased neonatal morbidity and mortality were also seen in babies delivered to teenage mothers. Younger teenager group (≤17 years) was most vulnerable to adverse obstetric and neonatal outcomes. © 2007 Dr. K C Chaudhuri Foundation.
The Role of p53 Gene in Cervical Carcinogenesis
(Federation of Obstetric and Gynecologycal Societies of India, 2016) Garima; Sulekha Pandey; L.K. Pandey; A.K. Saxena; Nidhi Patel
Aim: To investigate the role of p53 gene in cervical carcinogenesis. Materials and Methods: A total 50 cases and controls were taken after setting exclusion criteria. Venous blood (3 ml) samples were collected in sterile EDTA sterile vials. Both punch biopsy of cervical growth in cases and biopsy from cervix after hysterectomy in controls were performed. Genomic DNA was extracted from tissue and blood using standard protocol of Miller et al. 1994 using chloroform–phenol method. Gene was amplified using specific forward and reverse primers and p53 gene expressions were studied. The present study of p53 gene regulation analyzed the expression of 279-bp bands on 1.5 agarose gel. Observations: Out of the total 50 samples of cases and controls, we were able to isolate DNA from 38 cases and 28 controls in blood and in 22 cases and 22 controls in tissue. In cases of carcinoma cervix, p53 expression is either downregulated or absent in 71.06 % of cases compared to 50 % of controls in blood and 72.73 % of cases compared to 59.09 % of controls in tissue, but these figures were not statistically significant (p = 0.67 and p = 0.167, respectively). p53 positivity rate was only in 27.78 % of squamous cell cancer and 50 % of adenocarcinoma. Three out of nine patients (33.3 %) with L.N. positive status have p53 gene positivity, whereas 23 % (3 out of 13) with L.N. negative status have p53 gene positivity, which is not significantly associated. In our study, p53 overexpression increases with the various stages of cervical cancer. Conclusion: In our study, we found that there is the increased frequency of upregulation or overexpression of p53 gene in control in both blood (50 %) and tissue (40.9 %), but this association is statistically nonsignificant. In the present study, there is a lack of relationship between p53 overexpression and prognosis in the cervical cancer patients. However, our study lacked larger sample size which otherwise would have been able to lend support to truly significant findings through much larger combined and comparative datasets. © 2015, Federation of Obstetric & Gynecological Societies of India.