Title:
Formation of dense partonic matter in relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions at RHIC: Experimental evaluation by the PHENIX Collaboration

dc.contributor.authorK. Adcox
dc.contributor.authorS.S. Adler
dc.contributor.authorS. Afanasiev
dc.contributor.authorC. Aidala
dc.contributor.authorN.N. Ajitanand
dc.contributor.authorY. Akiba
dc.contributor.authorA. Al-Jamel
dc.contributor.authorJ. Alexander
dc.contributor.authorR. Amirikas
dc.contributor.authorK. Aoki
dc.contributor.authorL. Aphecetche
dc.contributor.authorY. Arai
dc.contributor.authorR. Armendariz
dc.contributor.authorS.H. Aronson
dc.contributor.authorR. Averbeck
dc.contributor.authorT.C. Awes
dc.contributor.authorR. Azmoun
dc.contributor.authorV. Babintsev
dc.contributor.authorA. Baldisseri
dc.contributor.authorK.N. Barish
dc.contributor.authorP.D. Barnes
dc.contributor.authorJ. Barrette
dc.contributor.authorB. Bassalleck
dc.contributor.authorS. Bathe
dc.contributor.authorS. Batsouli
dc.contributor.authorV. Baublis
dc.contributor.authorF. Bauer
dc.contributor.authorA. Bazilevsky
dc.contributor.authorS. Belikov
dc.contributor.authorF.G. Bellaiche
dc.contributor.authorS.T. Belyaev
dc.contributor.authorM.J. Bennett
dc.contributor.authorY. Berdnikov
dc.contributor.authorS. Bhagavatula
dc.contributor.authorM.T. Bjorndal
dc.contributor.authorJ.G. Boissevain
dc.contributor.authorH. Borel
dc.contributor.authorS. Borenstein
dc.contributor.authorS. Botelho
dc.contributor.authorM.L. Brooks
dc.contributor.authorD.S. Brown
dc.contributor.authorN. Bruner
dc.contributor.authorD. Bucher
dc.contributor.authorH. Buesching
dc.contributor.authorV. Bumazhnov
dc.contributor.authorG. Bunce
dc.contributor.authorJ.M. Burward-Hoy
dc.contributor.authorS. Butsyk
dc.contributor.authorX. Camard
dc.contributor.authorT.A. Carey
dc.contributor.authorJ.-S. Chai
dc.contributor.authorP. Chand
dc.contributor.authorJ. Chang
dc.contributor.authorW.C. Chang
dc.contributor.authorL.L. Chavez
dc.contributor.authorS. Chernichenko
dc.contributor.authorC.Y. Chi
dc.contributor.authorJ. Chiba
dc.contributor.authorM. Chiu
dc.contributor.authorI.J. Choi
dc.contributor.authorJ. Choi
dc.contributor.authorR.K. Choudhury
dc.contributor.authorT. Christ
dc.contributor.authorT. Chujo
dc.contributor.authorM.S. Chung
dc.contributor.authorP. Chung
dc.contributor.authorV. Cianciolo
dc.contributor.authorC.R. Cleven
dc.contributor.authorY. Cobigo
dc.contributor.authorB.A. Cole
dc.contributor.authorM.P. Comets
dc.contributor.authorP. Constantin
dc.contributor.authorM. Csanád
dc.contributor.authorT. Csörgo
dc.contributor.authorJ.P. Cussonneau
dc.contributor.authorD. d'Enterria
dc.contributor.authorT. Dahms
dc.contributor.authorK. Das
dc.contributor.authorG. David
dc.contributor.authorF. Deák
dc.contributor.authorH. Delagrange
dc.contributor.authorA. Denisov
dc.contributor.authorA. Deshpande
dc.contributor.authorE.J. Desmond
dc.contributor.authorA. Devismes
dc.contributor.authorO. Dietzsch
dc.contributor.authorB.V. Dinesh
dc.contributor.authorJ.L. Drachenberg
dc.contributor.authorO. Drapier
dc.contributor.authorA. Drees
dc.contributor.authorA.K. Dubey
dc.contributor.authorR. du Rietz
dc.contributor.authorA. Durum
dc.contributor.authorD. Dutta
dc.contributor.authorV. Dzhordzhadze
dc.contributor.authorK. Ebisu
dc.contributor.authorY.V. Efremenko
dc.contributor.authorJ. Egdemir
dc.contributor.authorK. El Chenawi
dc.contributor.authorA. Enokizono
dc.contributor.authorH. En'yo
dc.contributor.authorB. Espagnon
dc.contributor.authorS. Esumi
dc.contributor.authorL. Ewell
dc.contributor.authorT. Ferdousi
dc.contributor.authorD.E. Fields
dc.contributor.authorC. Finck
dc.contributor.authorF. Fleuret
dc.contributor.authorS.L. Fokin
dc.contributor.authorB. Forestier
dc.contributor.authorB.D. Fox
dc.contributor.authorZ. Fraenkel
dc.contributor.authorJ.E. Frantz
dc.contributor.authorA. Franz
dc.contributor.authorA.D. Frawley
dc.contributor.authorY. Fukao
dc.contributor.authorS.-Y. Fung
dc.contributor.authorS. Gadrat
dc.contributor.authorS. Garpman
dc.contributor.authorF. Gastineau
dc.contributor.authorM. Germain
dc.contributor.authorT.K. Ghosh
dc.contributor.authorA. Glenn
dc.contributor.authorA.L. Godoi
dc.contributor.authorG. Gogiberidze
dc.contributor.authorM. Gonin
dc.contributor.authorJ. Gosset
dc.contributor.authorY. Goto
dc.contributor.authorR. Granier de Cassagnac
dc.contributor.authorN. Grau
dc.contributor.authorS.V. Greene
dc.contributor.authorM. Grosse Perdekamp
dc.contributor.authorT. Gunji
dc.contributor.authorS.K. Gupta
dc.contributor.authorW. Guryn
dc.contributor.authorH.-Å. Gustafsson
dc.contributor.authorT. Hachiya
dc.contributor.authorA. Hadjhenni
dc.contributor.authorJ.S. Haggerty
dc.contributor.authorM.N. Hagiwara
dc.contributor.authorH. Hamagaki
dc.contributor.authorA.G. Hansen
dc.contributor.authorH. Hara
dc.contributor.authorH. Harada
dc.contributor.authorE.R. Hartouni
dc.contributor.authorK. Haruna
dc.contributor.authorM. Harvey
dc.contributor.authorE. Haslum
dc.contributor.authorK. Hasuko
dc.contributor.authorR. Hayano
dc.contributor.authorN. Hayashi
dc.contributor.authorX. He
dc.contributor.authorM. Heffner
dc.contributor.authorT.K. Hemmick
dc.contributor.authorJ.M. Heuser
dc.contributor.authorM. Hibino
dc.contributor.authorP. Hidas
dc.contributor.authorH. Hiejima
dc.contributor.authorJ.C. Hill
dc.contributor.authorD.S. Ho
dc.contributor.authorR. Hobbs
dc.contributor.authorM. Holmes
dc.contributor.authorW. Holzmann
dc.contributor.authorK. Homma
dc.contributor.authorB. Hong
dc.contributor.authorA. Hoover
dc.contributor.authorT. Horaguchi
dc.contributor.authorH.M. Hur
dc.contributor.authorT. Ichihara
dc.contributor.authorV.V. Ikonnikov
dc.contributor.authorK. Imai
dc.contributor.authorM. Inaba
dc.contributor.authorM. Inuzuka
dc.contributor.authorM.S. Ippolitov
dc.contributor.authorD. Isenhower
dc.contributor.authorL. Isenhower
dc.contributor.authorM. Ishihara
dc.contributor.authorT. Isobe
dc.contributor.authorM. Issah
dc.contributor.authorA. Isupov
dc.contributor.authorB.V. Jacak
dc.contributor.authorW.Y. Jang
dc.contributor.authorY. Jeong
dc.contributor.authorJ. Jia
dc.contributor.authorJ. Jin
dc.contributor.authorO. Jinnouchi
dc.contributor.authorB.M. Johnson
dc.contributor.authorS.C. Johnson
dc.contributor.authorK.S. Joo
dc.contributor.authorD. Jouan
dc.contributor.authorF. Kajihara
dc.contributor.authorS. Kametani
dc.contributor.authorN. Kamihara
dc.contributor.authorM. Kaneta
dc.contributor.authorJ.H. Kang
dc.contributor.authorM. Kann
dc.contributor.authorS.S. Kapoor
dc.contributor.authorK. Katou
dc.contributor.authorT. Kawabata
dc.contributor.authorT. Kawagishi
dc.contributor.authorA.V. Kazantsev
dc.contributor.authorS. Kelly
dc.contributor.authorB. Khachaturov
dc.contributor.authorA. Khanzadeev
dc.contributor.authorJ. Kikuchi
dc.contributor.authorD.H. Kim
dc.contributor.authorD.J. Kim
dc.contributor.authorD.W. Kim
dc.contributor.authorE. Kim
dc.contributor.authorG.-B. Kim
dc.contributor.authorH.J. Kim
dc.contributor.authorS.Y. Kim
dc.contributor.authorY.-S. Kim
dc.contributor.authorY.G. Kim
dc.contributor.authorE. Kinney
dc.contributor.authorW.W. Kinnison
dc.contributor.authorA. Kiss
dc.contributor.authorE. Kistenev
dc.contributor.authorA. Kiyomichi
dc.contributor.authorK. Kiyoyama
dc.contributor.authorC. Klein-Boesing
dc.contributor.authorS. Klinksiek
dc.contributor.authorH. Kobayashi
dc.contributor.authorL. Kochenda
dc.contributor.authorV. Kochetkov
dc.contributor.authorD. Koehler
dc.contributor.authorT. Kohama
dc.contributor.authorR. Kohara
dc.contributor.authorB. Komkov
dc.contributor.authorM. Konno
dc.contributor.authorM. Kopytine
dc.contributor.authorD. Kotchetkov
dc.contributor.authorA. Kozlov
dc.contributor.authorP.J. Kroon
dc.contributor.authorC.H. Kuberg
dc.contributor.authorG.J. Kunde
dc.contributor.authorN. Kurihara
dc.contributor.authorK. Kurita
dc.contributor.authorY. Kuroki
dc.contributor.authorM.J. Kweon
dc.contributor.authorY. Kwon
dc.contributor.authorG.S. Kyle
dc.contributor.authorR. Lacey
dc.contributor.authorV. Ladygin
dc.contributor.authorJ.G. Lajoie
dc.contributor.authorJ. Lauret
dc.contributor.authorY. le Bornec
dc.contributor.authorA. Lebedev
dc.contributor.authorS. Leckey
dc.contributor.authorD.M. Lee
dc.contributor.authorM.K. Lee
dc.contributor.authorS. Lee
dc.contributor.authorM.J. Leitch
dc.contributor.authorM.A.L. Leite
dc.contributor.authorX.H. Li
dc.contributor.authorZ. Li
dc.contributor.authorD.J. Lim
dc.contributor.authorH. Lim
dc.contributor.authorA. Litvinenko
dc.contributor.authorM.X. Liu
dc.contributor.authorX. Liu
dc.contributor.authorY. Liu
dc.contributor.authorZ. Liu
dc.contributor.authorC.F. Maguire
dc.contributor.authorJ. Mahon
dc.contributor.authorY.I. Makdisi
dc.contributor.authorA. Malakhov
dc.contributor.authorM.D. Malik
dc.contributor.authorV.I. Manko
dc.contributor.authorY. Mao
dc.contributor.authorS.K. Mark
dc.contributor.authorS. Markacs
dc.contributor.authorG. Martinez
dc.contributor.authorM.D. Marx
dc.contributor.authorA. Masaike
dc.contributor.authorH. Masui
dc.contributor.authorF. Matathias
dc.contributor.authorT. Matsumoto
dc.contributor.authorM.C. McCain
dc.contributor.authorP.L. McGaughey
dc.contributor.authorE. Melnikov
dc.contributor.authorM. Merschmeyer
dc.contributor.authorF. Messer
dc.contributor.authorM. Messer
dc.contributor.authorY. Miake
dc.contributor.authorJ. Milan
dc.contributor.authorT.E. Miller
dc.contributor.authorA. Milov
dc.contributor.authorS. Mioduszewski
dc.contributor.authorR.E. Mischke
dc.contributor.authorG.C. Mishra
dc.contributor.authorJ.T. Mitchell
dc.contributor.authorA.K. Mohanty
dc.contributor.authorD.P. Morrison
dc.contributor.authorJ.M. Moss
dc.contributor.authorT.V. Moukhanova
dc.contributor.authorF. Mühlbacher
dc.contributor.authorD. Mukhopadhyay
dc.contributor.authorM. Muniruzzaman
dc.contributor.authorJ. Murata
dc.contributor.authorS. Nagamiya
dc.contributor.authorY. Nagasaka
dc.contributor.authorY. Nagata
dc.contributor.authorJ.L. Nagle
dc.contributor.authorM. Naglis
dc.contributor.authorY. Nakada
dc.contributor.authorT. Nakamura
dc.contributor.authorB.K. Nandi
dc.contributor.authorM. Nara
dc.contributor.authorJ. Newby
dc.contributor.authorM. Nguyen
dc.contributor.authorL. Nikkinen
dc.contributor.authorP. Nilsson
dc.contributor.authorS. Nishimura
dc.contributor.authorB. Norman
dc.contributor.authorA.S. Nyanin
dc.contributor.authorJ. Nystrand
dc.contributor.authorE. O'Brien
dc.contributor.authorC.A. Ogilvie
dc.contributor.authorH. Ohnishi
dc.contributor.authorI.D. Ojha
dc.contributor.authorH. Okada
dc.contributor.authorK. Okada
dc.contributor.authorO.O. Omiwade
dc.contributor.authorM. Ono
dc.contributor.authorV. Onuchin
dc.contributor.authorA. Oskarsson
dc.contributor.authorL. Österman
dc.contributor.authorI. Otterlund
dc.contributor.authorK. Oyama
dc.contributor.authorK. Ozawa
dc.contributor.authorL. Paffrath
dc.contributor.authorD. Pal
dc.contributor.authorA.P.T. Palounek
dc.contributor.authorV. Pantuev
dc.contributor.authorV. Papavassiliou
dc.contributor.authorJ. Park
dc.contributor.authorW.J. Park
dc.contributor.authorA. Parmar
dc.contributor.authorS.F. Pate
dc.contributor.authorH. Pei
dc.contributor.authorT. Peitzmann
dc.contributor.authorV. Penev
dc.contributor.authorJ.-C. Peng
dc.contributor.authorH. Pereira
dc.contributor.authorV. Peresedov
dc.contributor.authorD.Yu. Peressounko
dc.contributor.authorA.N. Petridis
dc.contributor.authorA. Pierson
dc.contributor.authorC. Pinkenburg
dc.contributor.authorR.P. Pisani
dc.contributor.authorP. Pitukhin
dc.contributor.authorF. Plasil
dc.contributor.authorM. Pollack
dc.contributor.authorK. Pope
dc.contributor.authorM.L. Purschke
dc.contributor.authorA.K. Purwar
dc.contributor.authorH. Qu
dc.contributor.authorJ.M. Qualls
dc.contributor.authorJ. Rak
dc.contributor.authorI. Ravinovich
dc.contributor.authorK.F. Read
dc.contributor.authorM. Reuter
dc.contributor.authorK. Reygers
dc.contributor.authorV. Riabov
dc.contributor.authorY. Riabov
dc.contributor.authorG. Roche
dc.contributor.authorA. Romana
dc.contributor.authorM. Rosati
dc.contributor.authorA.A. Rose
dc.contributor.authorS.S.E. Rosendahl
dc.contributor.authorP. Rosnet
dc.contributor.authorP. Rukoyatkin
dc.contributor.authorV.L. Rykov
dc.contributor.authorS.S. Ryu
dc.contributor.authorM.E. Sadler
dc.contributor.authorB. Sahlmueller
dc.contributor.authorN. Saito
dc.contributor.authorA. Sakaguchi
dc.contributor.authorT. Sakaguchi
dc.contributor.authorM. Sakai
dc.contributor.authorS. Sakai
dc.contributor.authorH. Sako
dc.contributor.authorT. Sakuma
dc.contributor.authorV. Samsonov
dc.contributor.authorL. Sanfratello
dc.contributor.authorT.C. Sangster
dc.contributor.authorR. Santo
dc.contributor.authorH.D. Sato
dc.contributor.authorS. Sato
dc.contributor.authorS. Sawada
dc.contributor.authorB.R. Schlei
dc.contributor.authorY. Schutz
dc.contributor.authorV. Semenov
dc.contributor.authorR. Seto
dc.contributor.authorD. Sharma
dc.contributor.authorM.R. Shaw
dc.contributor.authorT.K. Shea
dc.contributor.authorI. Shein
dc.contributor.authorT.-A. Shibata
dc.contributor.authorK. Shigaki
dc.contributor.authorT. Shiina
dc.contributor.authorM. Shimomura
dc.contributor.authorY.H. Shin
dc.contributor.authorT. Shohjoh
dc.contributor.authorK. Shoji
dc.contributor.authorI.G. Sibiriak
dc.contributor.authorA. Sickles
dc.contributor.authorC.L. Silva
dc.contributor.authorD. Silvermyr
dc.contributor.authorK.S. Sim
dc.contributor.authorJ. Simon-Gillo
dc.contributor.authorC.P. Singh
dc.contributor.authorV. Singh
dc.contributor.authorM. Sivertz
dc.contributor.authorS. Skutnik
dc.contributor.authorW.C. Smith
dc.contributor.authorA. Soldatov
dc.contributor.authorR.A. Soltz
dc.contributor.authorW.E. Sondheim
dc.contributor.authorS.P. Sorensen
dc.contributor.authorI.V. Sourikova
dc.contributor.authorF. Staley
dc.contributor.authorP.W. Stankus
dc.contributor.authorN. Starinsky
dc.contributor.authorP. Steinberg
dc.contributor.authorE. Stenlund
dc.contributor.authorM. Stepanov
dc.contributor.authorA. Ster
dc.contributor.authorS.P. Stoll
dc.contributor.authorM. Sugioka
dc.contributor.authorT. Sugitate
dc.contributor.authorC. Suire
dc.contributor.authorJ.P. Sullivan
dc.contributor.authorY. Sumi
dc.contributor.authorZ. Sun
dc.contributor.authorM. Suzuki
dc.contributor.authorJ. Sziklai
dc.contributor.authorT. Tabaru
dc.contributor.authorS. Takagi
dc.contributor.authorE.M. Takagui
dc.contributor.authorA. Taketani
dc.contributor.authorM. Tamai
dc.contributor.authorK.H. Tanaka
dc.contributor.authorY. Tanaka
dc.contributor.authorK. Tanida
dc.contributor.authorE. Taniguchi
dc.contributor.authorM.J. Tannenbaum
dc.contributor.authorA. Taranenko
dc.contributor.authorP. Tarján
dc.contributor.authorJ.D. Tepe
dc.contributor.authorJ. Thomas
dc.contributor.authorJ.H. Thomas
dc.contributor.authorT.L. Thomas
dc.contributor.authorW. Tian
dc.contributor.authorM. Togawa
dc.contributor.authorJ. Tojo
dc.contributor.authorH. Torii
dc.contributor.authorR.S. Towell
dc.contributor.authorV.-N. Tram
dc.contributor.authorI. Tserruya
dc.contributor.authorY. Tsuchimoto
dc.contributor.authorH. Tsuruoka
dc.contributor.authorA.A. Tsvetkov
dc.contributor.authorS.K. Tuli
dc.contributor.authorH. Tydesjö
dc.contributor.authorN. Tyurin
dc.contributor.authorT.J. Uam
dc.contributor.authorT. Ushiroda
dc.contributor.authorH. Valle
dc.contributor.authorH.W. van Hecke
dc.contributor.authorC. Velissaris
dc.contributor.authorJ. Velkovska
dc.contributor.authorM. Velkovsky
dc.contributor.authorR. Vertesi
dc.contributor.authorV. Veszprémi
dc.contributor.authorL. Villatte
dc.contributor.authorA.A. Vinogradov
dc.contributor.authorM.A. Volkov
dc.contributor.authorA. Vorobyov
dc.contributor.authorE. Vznuzdaev
dc.contributor.authorM. Wagner
dc.contributor.authorH. Wang
dc.contributor.authorX.R. Wang
dc.contributor.authorY. Watanabe
dc.contributor.authorJ. Wessels
dc.contributor.authorS.N. White
dc.contributor.authorN. Willis
dc.contributor.authorD. Winter
dc.contributor.authorC. Witzig
dc.contributor.authorF.K. Wohn
dc.contributor.authorC.L. Woody
dc.contributor.authorM. Wysocki
dc.contributor.authorW. Xie
dc.contributor.authorK. Yagi
dc.contributor.authorY. Yang
dc.contributor.authorA. Yanovich
dc.contributor.authorS. Yokkaichi
dc.contributor.authorG.R. Young
dc.contributor.authorI. Younus
dc.contributor.authorI.E. Yushmanov
dc.contributor.authorW.A. Zajc
dc.contributor.authorO. Zaudkte
dc.contributor.authorC. Zhang
dc.contributor.authorZ. Zhang
dc.contributor.authorS. Zhou
dc.contributor.authorS.J. Zhou
dc.contributor.authorJ. Zimányi
dc.contributor.authorL. Zolin
dc.contributor.authorX. Zong
dc.date.accessioned2026-02-06T10:43:56Z
dc.date.issued2005
dc.description.abstractExtensive experimental data from high-energy nucleus-nucleus collisions were recorded using the PHENIX detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). The comprehensive set of measurements from the first three years of RHIC operation includes charged particle multiplicities, transverse energy, yield ratios and spectra of identified hadrons in a wide range of transverse momenta (pT), elliptic flow, two-particle correlations, nonstatistical fluctuations, and suppression of particle production at high pT. The results are examined with an emphasis on implications for the formation of a new state of dense matter. We find that the state of matter created at RHIC cannot be described in terms of ordinary color neutral hadrons. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2005.03.086
dc.identifier.issn3759474
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2005.03.086
dc.identifier.urihttps://dl.bhu.ac.in/bhuir/handle/123456789/18215
dc.titleFormation of dense partonic matter in relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions at RHIC: Experimental evaluation by the PHENIX Collaboration
dc.typePublication
dspace.entity.typeArticle

Files

Collections