Impact of Plant Growth-Promoting Microbes (PGPM) in Plant Disease Management by Inducing Non-enzymatic Antioxidants

Abstract

Among different biological factors, plant disease is one of the most effective problems for considerable loss of crop production in current time. The sustainable way for crop production and plant disease management is the use of beneficial microbes. Beneficial soil microbes surrounding the rhizosphere of the host plant can protect them from plant pathogen and also stimulate further development of plants. Different species of plant growth-promoting microbes (PGPM) are being well-reported by scientists to manage different diseases of plants and improvement in crop productivity. PGPM helps host plant to induce their growth as well as suppress the disease incidence. Interaction of PGPM with plant pathogens in the rhizosphere regions modulates innate immune responses in the host plant which efficiently suppresses the pathogenic infections. It has been well studied that PGPM helps host plant to protect them from disease by producing different enzymes, metabolites, plant antioxidants and inducing plants immunity. In addition to antioxidants of enzymatic origin, the non-enzymatic antioxidants, viz. glutathione (GSSG/GSH), ascorbic acid, tocopherol, phenolic constituents, riboflavin, carotenoids, and thiamine, play outstanding role against oxidative stress as well as a number of plant disease occurrences. Hence, this article has been discussed critically to provide an updated account describing the active participation of PGPM in improvement of plant defense as well as disease management through the production of different non-enzymatic antioxidant and develop a green horizon to maximize their practical application in sustainable agriculture. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021.