Conservation of tropical agriculture in the era of changing climate

Abstract

Warmer climate or tropical agriculture is already at its ecological maxima and is more vulnerable to climate change. Increase in temperature and intermittent drought in growing season, which is of due to weaken monsoonal circulation, will have devastating effect on agriculture productivity. The study reported that the productivity of tropical agriculture will be reduced due to climate change by 2100. Research related to climate change in tropics showed an increase in temperature and decrease in rainfall. Thus, the conservation of tropical agriculture is becoming imperative to have a continuous supply of food for the evergrowing population. In this chapter, we are discussing the conservation practices such as the use of improved variety of crops and livestock; change in cropping system (agroforestry), water conservation practices (drip irrigation, ground and surface water recharge), etc., to achieve the goal of sustainable agriculture. Further, we have also suggested climate-smart agriculture practices as they help in the mitigation of greenhouse gasses (GHGs) emission and other pollutants which deteriorate the environment vigorously. © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020. All rights reserved.