Bilateral Common Carotid Artery Occlusion: Stroke Model

Abstract

Ischemic stroke is a prime spawn of death, physical disability and imparts an immense socioeconomic burden for society. Despite, rigorous experimental and clinical research work over the past few decades, still, therapeutic options are scarce for patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). It caused an increase in the percentage of ischemic patients in the ensuing years. One approach is to develop a better understanding of the brain’s cellular and molecular mechanisms to combat this harmful problem. One of the extensively used approaches for Brain-induced neuroprotection is ischemic preconditioning (IPC) or ischemic tolerance (IT). IPC is a non-harmful stimulus applied to the brain, which leads to interim resistance in the wake of ischemic insult. The IPC takes place in two different categories: initial IT, which lasts from a few minutes to a few hours after the IPC, and delayed IT, which takes a couple of hours to occur. Until now, the investigation has focused on delayed IT but the molecular mechanism of IT is largely unknown. This chapter aims to provide insight into Bilateral Common Carotid Aartery Occlusion (BCCAO) methodology and factors affecting the biological pathways in the course of neurodegeneration in rodents (mice and rats). © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021.