Fungi: A potential candidate for sustainable agriculture and agroecosystem

Abstract

Excessive utilization of chemical fertilizers and synthetic pesticides in agroecosystem causes development of different resistant races of pest and also hamper the normal metabolism of crop species with altered environmental scenario. Sustainable agriculture play major role on elimination of successive drawbacks of synthetic fertilizers and cooperative mode of action of different fungal species for improvement of growth, development of crop species, soil fertility, and management in variable abiotic and biotic stresses. Different fungal species such as Penicillum expansum, Aspergillus fumigatus, A. niger, Trichoderma harzianum, Mucor mucedo, Phoma spp., and Taxomyces andreanae have been active participated for sustainable agriculture and modified agroecosystem services. Moreover, these beneficial fungal species also develop ectotropic, ericoid, arbuscular, and endophytic mycorrhizae with different plant species in the agriculture system and promote the biofunctional properties. The present article is focused on the practical application of different fungal species in sustainable agriculture and improvement of crops species in natural agroecosystem. © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.