Cyanobacterial blooms and Cyanotoxins: Occurrence and Detection

Abstract

Enormous increase in anthropogenic activities results in nutrient loading into the environment causing eutrophication of aquatic bodies. The increased eutrophication of freshwater and marine water bodies has intensified the algal growth which is commonly known as algal blooms. Prokaryotic blue green algae/cyanobacteria are one of the most common bloom causing algae in aquatic ecosystem, commonly known as cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (CHABs). Some cyanobacteria can produce toxins called as cyanotoxins, which not only hinder recreational use of water bodies but also adversely affect microalgae, invertebrates, fish, birds, plants, and mammals. The current chapters offer an overview of occurrence of CHABs and their toxins. Further, emphasis has been given on types of cyanotoxins, their measurement and removal from aquatic ecosystem. © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021