BHU Institutional Repository :: Browsing by Author "Agarwal, Aparna"

Browsing by Author "Agarwal, Aparna"

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Achillea millefolium L., Common Yarrow
(Springer Nature, 2023) Ritika; Rizwana; Tripathi, Abhishek Dutt; Agarwal, Aparna
Yarrow (Achillea millefolium L.) is a common Asteraceae plant recognized in folk medicine throughout the globe, from Europe to Asia. The physical traits, phytonutrients, and pharmacology of plant yarrow (Achillea millefolium) are presented in the following subsections of this chapter. It is among the oldest extensively utilized therapeutic herbs globally and is employed chiefly to treat injuries, gastrointestinal disorders, chest illnesses, skin disorders, liver illness, and moderate sedatives, among other purposes. According to preclinical investigations, yarrow prevents inflammation ulcers and seems hepatoprotective, antipathogenic, and anxiolytic. Yarrow has also been demonstrated to be generally safe and well tolerated in animal experiments. A. millefolium will be a preferable choice for novel drug research due to its notable pharmacological activity. � The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2023.
Analysis of Bisphenol A migration from microwaveable polycarbonate cups into coffee during microwave heating
(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2022) Agarwal, Aparna; Gandhi, Shivika; Tripathi, Abhishek Dutt; Iammarino, Marco; Homroy, Snigdha
Polycarbonate (PC) is a polymer containing Bisphenol A (BPA) monomers in its structure. It is frequently used in manufacturing consumer goods such as food storage containers, reusable water bottles, infant feeding bottles, microwave containers and microwaveable cups. Under varying pH and temperature conditions, additives used in the plastic manufacture can leach in trace levels into the food in contact and negatively affect human health over time. Therefore, quantitative determination of BPA in food can be of great significance. The present study analysed the migration of BPA in coffee from different qualities of polycarbonate microwaveable cups under the influence of microwave heating by reversed-phase ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC). The amount of BPA detected in samples ranged from undetected to 391.105 � 0.05 ?g kg?1. Results obtained indicate that BPA migration is minimal in good-quality polycarbonate cups. Poor-quality cups are accelerated time-dependent; increased contact duration between polycarbonate and hot contact medium leads to more significant BPA migration. Furthermore, the BPA leaching process is enhanced during microwave heating due to high temperatures reached in a short time. � 2022 Institute of Food, Science and Technology (IFSTTF).
Anticancerous compounds in fruits, their extraction, and relevance to food
(Elsevier, 2021) Jain, Ekta; Tripathi, Abhishek Dutt; Agarwal, Aparna; Mauraya, Kamlesh Kumar; Rai, Dinesh Chandra; Mishra, Richa; Singh, Ram B.; Fikri, Al Mukhlas
Plant-derived substances have been sought by researchers for the treatment of various diseases from bygone ages. More than 25% of modern medicines are directly or indirectly derived from plants. The vast diversity of Indian plants makes them rich sources of pharmacologically active principles and compounds that are used to combat multiple ailments. Associated with eternal life since ancient times, fruit is a plant-origin food that offers nutrition to the body in the form of vitamins and minerals, phenolic compounds, fiber, folic acid, antioxidants, and many bioactive compounds. Inclusion of such nutrient-rich fruits in daily diets may help to prevent cancer. Extracts and bioactive compounds of fruits have been studied for their potential anticancer properties. Higher intake of vegetables and fruits is associated with a lower risk of cancer in the lungs, colon, stomach, pancreas, and oral cavity. The bioactive compounds in fruits retard the proliferation of cancer cells, apart from other health benefits, such as antimicrobial activity, antioxidant activity, and antiinflammatory activity. In this chapter an attempt has been made to review various anticancer compounds, their properties, methods of extraction, methods of incorporation in food, effectiveness against types of cancer, and related health benefits. � 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Development of cake by using persimmon fruit (Diospyros kaki) as a fat replacer and its chemical and structural profile analysis
(Academic Press, 2023) Dipti, Saumya; Kumari, Anjana; Kaur, Naman; Tripathi, Abhishek Dutt; Agarwal, Aparna
The burgeoning global production of processed foods high in fat, sugar, and salt; and the nutrition transition have catalysed the global burden of non-communicable diseases, which has necessitated the production of foods with limited fat, sugar, and salt content. This study investigated the feasibility of utilising Persimmon sauce (PS) as a fat replacer to develop cake and evaluated its impact on the physicochemical, functional, sensory, and structural profile of the developed cake variants (control (100g fat) and M1, M2, M3 and M4 with 25g, 50g, 75g and 100 g PS I on 100g butter basis, respectively). A significant increase in the moisture and ash content (p < 0.05), total phenolic content (from 540 to 10700 ?g GAE/g), and DDPH radical scavenging activity; and linear reduction in fat content (p < 0.05) was observed with increasing Persimmon sauce I (PS I) (without added sugar and lemon) levels in cakes. High sensory acceptability of cakes was noted up to 50 g PS I incorporation level on 100g butter basis. A positive correlation between PS I incorporation level and Vitamin C; and fibre content of the cakes (p < 0.05) was also observed. The microstructural analysis of cakes exhibited a thinner and ruptured protein matrix in fat replaced cakes resulting from gelatinized starch granules. Therefore, Persimmon fruit can be considered as an effective and acceptable substitute for fat replacement and augmentation of functional properties of cake. � 2023 The Authors
Developments and Scope of Space Food
(Bentham Science Publishers, 2022) Grover, Yashmita; Bhasin, Jagriti; Dhingra, Bhavika; Nandi, Sonali; Hansda, Mamta; Sharma, Ruchi; Paul, Veena; Idrishi, Rubeka; Tripathi, Abhishek Dutt; Agarwal, Aparna
Humans have conducted numerous space missions in past decades and its success depends upon many factors, including astronaut health as the major factor. Health and nutrition are two vital components of life derived from food which helps in keeping one�s body alive, nourished as well as energetic, including the astronauts during their long-duration manned missions. With the advancement in research and technology, it became possible to include a wide variety of dishes in the space menu, with most of them being similar to those eaten on the earth. This review highlights the evolution of space food starting from mission Mercury to the current International Space Station. Furthermore, it also enlightens and focuses on types of space food, its packaging considerations, and vitamin A-rich energy balls as potential space food. Many deleterious effects of outer space explorations have been observed on the human body, such as loss of body mass, vision-related changes, loss in bone density, and even anemia. To overcome these issues, various considerations must be followed while designing space food. The nutritional requirement plays an important role in a space mission. Various foods have the potential to overcome the limitations caused by a space mission. Thus, while developing space food, various parameters should be taken into consideration, such as deficiencies and illness. The food should be compact, bite-sized, easily digestible, and shelf-stable. Further research is required to better gain insight into the technological advancements while considering the nutritional status and requirements of astronauts in a space mission. � 2022 Bentham Science Publishers.
Effect of ?-dl tocopherol acetate (antioxidant) enriched edible coating on the physicochemical, functional properties and shelf life of minimally processed carrots (Daucus carota subsp. sativus)
(Elsevier B.V., 2022) Keshari, Divya; Tripathi, Abhishek Dutt; Agarwal, Aparna; Rai, Saloni; Srivastava, Suresh Kumar; Kumar, Pankaj
The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of varying sodium alginate-based edible coating (1, 2, and 3 %, w/v) supplemented with ?- tocopherol acetate (antioxidant) at different concentrations (0.5 and 1 % w/v) on minimally processed carrot slices during 15 d storage at 10 �C and 65 % relative humidity. Seven different formulations (T1- T7) comprising different alginate and antioxidant combination were tested for selecting the best formulation maintaining the physicochemical attributes, antioxidant potential, carotenoid content, and overall acceptability (microbial counts) of carrot slices. Treatment T4 (2% sodium alginate + 1% ?-tocopherol acetate) served as the best formulation in maintaining the quality, acceptability, nutritive value of minimally processed carrots. The T4 treated carrot samples showed minimum variation in weight loss, TSS, pH, whiteness index, reducing sugar, ascorbic acid content, TPC, antioxidant activity, total carotenoids, total aerobic bacterial count and yeast and mold counts, respectively in comparison to other treatments during storage. The statistical analysis also confirmed the significant (p<0.05) variation in physicochemical properties, antioxidant potential, carotenoid content and microbial count in control samples than edible coating formulations during storage. � 2022
Effect of Dietary Supplementation of Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Seed on the Growth Performance, Blood Lipid and Meat Quality of Broiler Chickens
(Agricultural Research Communication Centre, 2023) Rathaur, Aman; Rai, Dinesh Chandra; Agarwal, Aparna; Tripathi, Abhishek Dutt
Background: Broiler diets frequently include fats and oils to improve energy density, feed palatability and functionality associated with PUFAs and MUFAs. The purpose of this research was to see how dietary supplementation of safflower seed affected broiler growth, lipid profile and meat color. Methods: In this study total two hundred male broiler chicks of one-day-old were fed a basal diet over one week. After one week, randomly chicks were distributed into five treatment groups, i.e. one which were fed with basal diet (control) and other fed with different ratios (2.5%, 5%, 7.5% and 10%) of safflower seed, respectively. Each treatment included five pens, each with eight chicks. The diet was formulated into two phases: starter phase (7-21 d) and the finisher phase (22-42 d). Result: The birds fed rations supplemented with different levels of safflower seed resulted in increased (P<0.05) BWG and FCR during the last 21 days of the trial. In this experiment, the highest and lowest BWG were observed in 5% safflower seed and 0% safflower seed, respectively. No differences were observed in feed intake during the starter phase and finisher phase among the groups. In blood lipid profile, HDL-C was not different in all treatment, while CHO, LDL-C and VLD-C concentrate levels were decreased (P<0.05) when fed with different levels of safflower seed. Dietary supplement of safflower seed showed no significant (P>0.05) effect on meat color, pH and WHC. Hence, safflower seed could be used as a natural energy source to boost growth development, decrease cholesterol levels and improve meat color. � 2023 Agricultural Research Communication Centre. All rights reserved.
Food Contamination from Packaging Material
(CRC Press, 2023) Soni, Kartik; Rizwana; Agarwal, Aparna; Tripathi, Abhishek Dutt
The term food contamination refers to a state of presence of some undesirable materials in the food in more quantities than is considered safe. Food contamination occurs in foods from farm to fork, causing health hazards. These contaminants in food can be incorporated from various sources, such as pesticides sprayed on crops, food processing equipment, leaching of chemicals from packaging material to food products. Packaging materials give a way to safeguard, secure, product, showcase appropriate food varieties. They perform a very important role in ensuring the quality of the products while they reach the customer in a healthy and protected system. Packaging materials can be made using several layers of different materials, adhesives, and metallic layers. Over time, with the effect of pH, temperature, and other environmental and nutritional factors, these materials can move into the food in unacceptable quantities. It is hence significant that few variables are viewed while picking the correct packaging material for a specific food item. This movement of substances or leaching of chemicals from packaging into food is called migration. This chapter focuses on the study of migration or leaching of components of the packaging material into food and the various methods of protection from spoilage, which can, in itself, be a factor contributing to ill-effects caused to the consumer. � 2023 selection and editorial matter, Sneh Punia Bangar and Anil Kumar Siroha; individual chapters, the contributors.
Future Prospects of Biodegradable Polymers with Potential Application in Food Industry
(Springer Nature, 2022) Patil, Tejaswini; Tripathi, Abhishek Dutt; Rai, Dinesh Chandra; Agarwal, Aparna; Paul, Veena; Maurya, Kamlesh Kumar; Pankaj
Enormous plastic production and its consumption and accumulation are a global concern. Although the solution to this issue is �reuse, recycle, and reduce plastic, " it is not quite enough, and therefore biodegradable packaging material is gaining acceptability in the agriculture and food industry for packaging purposes. This chapter summarizes recent approaches and innovations in the field of biodegradable polymers and future prospects. Here, biodegradable polymers and natural polymers with their properties, their applicability, and their degradation are discussed. Also, improvements in properties of natural polymers by using technologies have been discussed. Biodegradable polymers reduce the burden of greenhouse gases on Earth. � The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2022.
Growth Kinetics of Prodigiosin (Food Color) Produced by Novel Serratia marcescens bhu prodig Under Submerged Fermentation (SMF)
(Springer, 2023) Maurya, Kamlesh Kumar; Tripathi, Abhishek Dutt; Kumar, Deepak; Ramyaa, T.S.; Paul, Veena; Agarwal, Aparna
Abstract: Prodigiosin is a promising food color due to its antibacterial, antimalarial, antimycotic characteristics, immunomodulating, and antitumor activities. Novel prodigiosin producing strain isolated from sugarcane field soil of Banaras Hindu University, India, characterized as Serratia marcescens bhu prodig by 16 sRNA. The effect of carbon, nitrogen source, and physical parameters (pH and temperature) on pigment yield was studied. The highest amount of pigment produced, which was 800.95 � 0.05�mg/L, was detected when sorbitol and peptone were used as nitrogen and carbon source with pH 7 at 30��C. The optimized condition scale-up in a bioreactor with a working capacity of 3.0 L, gave maximum pigment yield of 825 � 0.05�mg/L with � (Maximum specific growth rate), Yp/x, which represents the product yield coefficient, and Yp/s, which signifies the specific product yield coefficient and productivity of 0.3/h, 0.62, 0.80, and 0.02�g/L/h, respectively, after 72�h of cultivation in submerged fermentation (SMF). The isolated pigment was characterized as prodigiosin by the analysis of spectral data and GC�MS. The mass spectrophotometry investigation characterized pigment as 4-methoxy-5(5 methyl-4-pentyl-2H-pyrrol-2-ylidene)- 2,2-bipyrrole ring structure. The GC�MS chromatogram showed m/z of 323, representing prodigiosin. The prodigiosin yield and productivity obtained in the current finding were higher than in previous reports. Graphical Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.] � 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
Hydrothermal treatment of lignocellulose waste for the production of polyhydroxyalkanoates copolymer with potential application in food packaging
(Elsevier Ltd, 2022) Tripathi, Abhishek Dutt; Mishra, Pradeep Kumar; Khosarvi-Darani, Kianoush; Agarwal, Aparna; Paul, Veena
Background: Bio-plastics are eco-friendly biopolymer finding tremendous application in food and pharmaceutical industries. Biodegradable polymer-based plastic such as PHAs (plyhydroxyalkanoates) possesses similar physicochemical and mechanical properties as posed by conventional plastic. PHAs does not cause any type of hazardous pollution upon disposal. However, the high production cost of PHAs makes its wider acceptability unsuitable at commercial level. This can be minimized by screening potential PHAs producing strains, selecting inexpensive raw material, optimized cultivation condition and by adopting efficient recovery and purification strategies. Scope and approach: The PHA upstream processing is expensive and contributes approximately 40% of total production cost. This can be minimized to greater extent by using inexpensive raw materials such as agro-industrial waste and lignocellulose waste (LCW). In recent time, LCW has gained more attention in bioprocess-based production owing to its nutritional composition. LCW is rich in complex polysaccharides such as lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose which are not easily digested. Hydrothermal processing of lignocellulosic materials causes a variety of effects including extractive removal, hemicellulose hydrolysis and alteration of the properties of both cellulose and lignin. The extracted digested residues can be effectively utilized in PHAs and copolymer synthesis. Key findings and conclusion: This review focusses on various aspects of hydrothermal processing of lignocellulosic waste for efficient and economical PHAs production. These bio-plastics specifically microbial produced bio-polymers such as PHAs find application in food industries as packaging material owing to their desirable water barrier and gas permeability properties in addition to complete biodegradability upon disposal without green-house gas emission. The present review deals with the production, recovery, purification, characterization and applications of PHAs and its copolymers using LCW as potential substrate. This review will also focus on different strategies adopted for efficient PHA production using hydrothermal treated LCW, its biosynthetic mechanism, extraction, purification, characterization and also biodegradability testing at lab and pilot plant level. In addition to that, the authors will emphasize novel PHA copolymers nanocomposites synthesis strategies and their commercial applicability. � 2022
Nutritional and Functional New Perspectives and Potential Health Benefits of Quinoa and Chia Seeds
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2023) Agarwal, Aparna; Rizwana; Tripathi, Abhishek Dutt; Kumar, Tarika; Sharma, Kanti Prakash; Patel, Sanjay Kumar Singh
Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) and chia (Salvia hispanica) are essential traditional crops with excellent nutritional properties. Quinoa is known for its high and good quality protein content and nine essential amino acids vital for an individual�s development and growth, whereas chia seeds contain high dietary fiber content, calories, lipids, minerals (calcium, magnesium, iron, phosphorus, and zinc), and vitamins (A and B complex). Chia seeds are also known for their presence of a high amount of omega-3 fatty acids. Both quinoa and chia seeds are gluten-free and provide medicinal properties due to bioactive compounds, which help combat various chronic diseases such as diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular diseases, and metabolic diseases such as cancer. Quinoa seeds possess phenolic compounds, particularly kaempferol, which can help prevent cancer. Many food products can be developed by fortifying quinoa and chia seeds in different concentrations to enhance their nutritional profile, such as extruded snacks, meat products, etc. Furthermore, it highlights the value-added products that can be developed by including quinoa and chia seeds, alone and in combination. This review focused on the recent development in quinoa and chia seeds nutritional, bioactive properties, and processing for potential human health and therapeutic applications. � 2023 by the authors.
Production kinetics and characterization of natural food color (torularhodin) with antimicrobial potential
(Elsevier Ltd, 2023) Sebastian, Shimmi; Tripathi, Abhishek Dutt; Paul, Veena; Darani, Kianoush Khosravi; Agarwal, Aparna
The present investigation was conducted to optimize the fermentative production of food color (carotenoid pigments) using Rhodotorula sp. grown under batch cultivation. The effect of different carbon sources, nitrogen source and pH on carotenoid yield was investigated initially. The maximum carotenoid yield of 3520.23 and 2992.65 ?g/g were obtained using sorbitol and beef extract as potential carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively, at pH 7.0. Further, process optimization was done using RSM to enhance the carotenoid yield. The optimized condition comprised; 2.0 g/L sorbitol, 0.32 g/L beef extract and 6.25 pH. Optimized condition scale-up in 7.5 L bioreactor (working volume 3.0 L) gave maximum carotenoid and biomass yield of 7325.70 � 0.04 ?g/g and 0.589 � 0.05 g/L, respectively, after 48 h of cultivation. Leudking Piret model deduced mixed growth associated carotenoid production. The carotenoid pigment was characterized as torularhodin by FTIR and showed antimicrobial activities against E. coli and S. aureus. � 2023 Elsevier Ltd
Production of polyhydroxyalkanoates using dairy processing waste � A review
(Elsevier Ltd, 2021) Dutt Tripathi, Abhishek; Paul, Veena; Agarwal, Aparna; Sharma, Ruchi; Hashempour-Baltork, Fataneh; Rashidi, Ladan; Khosravi Darani, Kianoush
Bio-plastics are eco-friendly biopolymers finding tremendous application in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Bio-plastics have suitable physicochemical, mechanical properties, and do not cause any type of hazardous pollution upon disposal but have a high production cost. This can be minimized by screening potential bio-polymers producing strains, selecting inexpensive raw material, optimized cultivation conditions, and upstream processing. These bio-plastics specifically microbial-produced bio-polymers such as polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) find application in food industries as packaging material owing to their desirable water barrier and gas permeability properties. The present review deals with the production, recovery, purification, characterization, and applications of PHAs. This is a comprehensive first review will also focus on different strategies adopted for efficient PHA production using dairy processing waste, its biosynthetic mechanism, metabolic engineering, kinetic aspects, and also biodegradability testing at the lab and pilot plant level. In addition to that, the authors will be emphasizing more on novel PHAs nanocomposites synthesis strategies and their commercial applicability. � 2021 Elsevier Ltd
Risk of Developing Antimicrobial Resistant Listeria monocytogenes in India: A Short Narrative Review
(National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, 2022) Homroy, Snigdha; Kumari, Anjana; Agarwal, Aparna; Tripathi, Abhishek Dutt
Background and Objective: Rampant application of antimicrobial drugs in food sectors triggered the development of resistance within the microorganisms in the surrounding environment. Due to the reduced susceptibility towards existing drugs, these microorganisms have an increased survival rate when treated. The emergence of this complication in the common food-borne pathogens is worrisome. Several antimicrobial-resistant variants of known infectious bacteria have been discovered. Listeria monocytogenes is one among those �superbugs� bringing such public health challenges to be tackled. This article aims to review India's current situation and stance regarding the progressive issue of antimicrobial resistance and listeriosis. Results and Conclusion: The issue of antimicrobial resistance has been recognized at all food industry and health care domain levels. Solutions are constantly being made to combat the obstacle, but the antibiotic resistance crisis does not seem to retard. Despite the awareness, regulations, and restraints implemented across the globe, researches hint towards rising antimicrobial usage and the ensued more threatening infections. India's step towards curbing antimicrobial resistance is at par with other global policies and intends to lower the resistance development rate among all pathogens. Till now, Indian authorities and the public have shown insouciance towards listeriosis. There are no special rules targeting Listeria monocytogenes in India, as opposed to stringent regulations in many western countries. The Indian government and all associated authorities must study and develop plans to establish standards and statutes to control listeriosis. Above all, set up a surveillance system to monitor the causes of food-related illnesses across the country. � 2022. All Rights Reserved.
Scope, nutritional aspects, technology, and consumer preferences toward seafood alternatives
(Elsevier Ltd, 2023) Dutt Tripathi, Abhishek; Agarwal, Aparna
Sustainability, human health, and animal welfare are three broad areas that pose a greater impact on mankind. The increased consumption of animal-based foods such as fish or seafood has threatened the ecosystem due to rising greenhouse gas emissions, biodiversity loss, diseases, and consumption of toxic metals contained in fish by cause of water pollution. This has led to increased awareness among consumers to adopt seafood alternatives for a sustainable future. It is also not well known whether consumers are ready to switch from traditional seafood towards a safer and sustainable seafood alternative. This encourages the in-depth study of the scope of seafood alternatives in consumers' food choices. This study also highlights the nutritional perspectives and technologies involved in the development of seafood alternatives along with the future outlook for a greener planet. � 2023
Standardization of process variables for development of traditional Indian dairy product herbal apple rabri with improved organoleptic, textural, antioxidants, functional attributes and shelf life
(BioMed Central Ltd, 2023) Lata, Rajnee; Jaiswal, Ved Prakash; Paul, Veena; Tripathi, Abhishek Dutt; Agarwal, Aparna; Rai, Dinesh Chandra
Rabri is a concentrated whole milk product from India that has been heat desiccated and sweetened. Herbs are reported to possess therapeutic properties. The addition of these herbs in the food enhances the functionality of the food. Herbal apple rabri was prepared by adding two herbs (brahmi and shatavari). The herbal apple rabri was optimized based on its organoleptic attributes. The sensory evaluation revealed that adding brahmi up to 2.5% and shatavari up to 1.5% is acceptable. The optimized rabri was further analyzed for its texture profile. The shelf life was evaluated based on the physicochemical, antioxidant, phenolics, and microbial content like total plate count and yeast and molds count. The DPPH inhibition activity shows that the optimized rabri has antioxidant potential (58.41 � 0.03%) compared to control rabri (34.30 � 0.04%) due to adding herbs. The microbial spoilage in the optimized sample was less as compared to the control sample. � 2023, The Author(s).
Tribology � Novel oral processing tool for sensory evaluation of food
(Academic Press, 2022) Paul, Veena; Tripathi, Abhishek Dutt; Agarwal, Aparna; Kumar, Pankaj; Rai, Dinesh Chandra
Food oral processing is a study of mastication that involves food-saliva interaction. Instrumental approaches have improved sensorial attributes like texture by stimulating the oral environment for the past years. However, a thorough estimation of oral food processing is still an open research topic with persisting challenges. This review summarizes the role of tribology as a novel oral processing tool for the sensory evaluation of foods. The paper further covered state of the art on instrumentation, working principles, the efficiency of the tribometer, and its application in dairy and non-dairy foods. Moreover, sincere attempts have been made to classify the research gap and challenges in oral food processing using tribometer. � 2022 The Authors
Valorization of essential oils from citrus peel powder using hydro-distillation
(Elsevier B.V., 2023) Shaw, Diksha; Tripathi, Abhishek Dutt; Paul, Veena; Agarwal, Aparna; Mishra, Pradeep Kumar; Kumar, Mohit
Citrus species exhibit many important natural bioactive compounds, such as ascorbic acid, essential oils, and antioxidant substances. Citrus essential oils are a complex mixture of volatile and non-volatile compounds obtained from the citrus fruit peel, which are discarded as waste. These citrus peels are a rich source of essential oils having medicinal benefits such as antioxidant, anticancer, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory properties. An experiment was carried out on two Citrus species (Citrus reticulata cv. (kinnow) and Citrus X sinensis (orange)) peel powder to study the essential oil composition. The kinnow and orange peels were dried using the sun and tray drying method and were compared. The peel powder obtained by sun and tray drying was tested for antioxidant activity (DPPH assay, TPC activity, and ascorbic acid activity). The essential oil was extracted from peel powder using a sustainable hydro-distillation technique. The results revealed that the highest yield was obtained in tray-dried orange peel powder (9.98%), followed by tray-dried kinnow peel powder (9.70%). The bioactive composition of the extracted essential oils was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The kinnow and orange peel essential oil composition was predominated with D-limonene, terpenoids, and sesquiterpenes, enhancing its medicinal value. Thus, this study developed a green, sustainable, and eco-friendly hydro-distillation technique for citrus essential oil extraction. � 2023
Valorization of lignin for the production of vanillin by Bacillus aryabhattai NCIM 5503
(Elsevier Ltd, 2023) Paul, Veena; Agarwal, Aparna; Dutt Tripathi, Abhishek; Sirohi, Ranjna
Coconut coir waste is a rich lignocellulosic biomass. The coconut coir waste generated from temples is resistant to natural degradation, and its accumulation causes environmental pollution. Ferulic acid, a vanillin precursor, was extracted from the coconut coir waste by hydro-distillation extraction. The extracted ferulic acid was used for vanillin synthesis by Bacillus aryabhattai NCIM 5503 under submerged fermentation. In the present study, the Taguchi DOE (design of experiment) software was used to optimize the fermentation process, which resulted in a 1.3 fold increase in vanillin yield (640.96 � 0.02 mg/L), as compared to the unoptimized yield of 495.96 � 0.01 mg/L. The optimized media for enhanced vanillin production comprised; fructose 0.75 % (w/v), beef extract 1 % (w/v), pH 9, temperature 30?, agitation speed 100 rpm, trace metal solution 1 % (v/v), and ferulic acid 2 % (v/v). The results show that the commercial production of vanillin can be envisioned using coconut coir waste. � 2023 Elsevier Ltd

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