Browsing by Author "Agrawal, Ashish"

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    Contribution of masticatory muscle pattern to craniofacial morphology in normal adults: A cross-sectional MRI study
    (Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2023) Agrawal, Ashish; Kumar, Vadivel; Pillai, Ajit R
    Purpose: The study aimed to determine the muscle pattern of medial pterygoid, lateral pterygoid, and masseter (length, cross-section, and angulation) in adult non-orthodontic patients and its effect on craniofacial structures. Methods: The study was conducted from January 14, 2019 to January 14, 2020. Ethical clearance of this study was obtained from the ethical committee Ethical Clearance was obtained from Faculty of Dental Sciences, IMS, BHU, Institutional Ethical Committee with Ref no. Dean/2019/EC/1824 dated 23.04.2019 of the university. The sample size was estimated using the G-power statistical program. Power analysis indicated a minimum sample size of 27. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were set. Consent was taken from participants. Seventy-seven subjects who were willing to participate and have given written consent were enrolled for the study. Participants were sent for lateral cephalometry (Dolphin Cephalometric software) Dolphin Imaging and management solution, for 6 angular and 11 linear measurements. Nineteen subjects did not turn up for the scan. Twenty-eight participants underwent MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) to evaluate muscle patterns (masseter, medial, and lateral pterygoid). The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC), Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) test, descriptive statistics, and multiple regression analysis were computed. The P value was set as ?0.001(highly statistically significant) and ?0.05 (significant relation). Results: There was a highly statistically significant (p ? 0.001) association between masseter length to upper facial height (N-Ans) and ramal length (Cd-Go). Length of medial pterygoid was significantly related (p ? 0.05) with SNB and length of body of mandible (Pog-Go). The cross-section of this muscle showed significant relation with upper facial height (N-Ans) and ramal length (Cd-Go). The correlation of the length of lateral pterygoid with upper facial height (N-Ans) and maxillary length (A-Ptm) was highly significant. Conclusion: The muscle pattern has a significant correlation with maxillofacial morphology. The masseter muscle is the longest and thickest (cross-section) and is angulated vertically than the other two muscles (medial pterygoid and lateral pterygoid). Of the three muscles, the medial pterygoid influences more common craniofacial parameters suggestive of its symbiotic activity. Lateral pterygoid affects the maxillary length and facial height. � 2023 National Journal of Maxillofacial Surgery.
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    Evaluation of surface-modified orthodontic wires by different concentration and dipping duration of titanium oxide (TiO 2) nanoparticles
    (Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2023) Chaturvedi, T.P.; Indumathi, P.; Sharma, Vipul Kumar; Agrawal, Ashish; Singh, Deepak; Upadhyay, Chandan
    OBJECTIVE: To evaluate in-vitro surface characteristics and frictional properties of orthodontic stainless steel and beta-titanium archwires after surface modification with different concentrations and coating time of titanium oxide (TiO 2) nanoparticles by Sol-gel dip coating method. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The experiment was carried out with 4 different concentrations (1:2, 1:4, 1:6, and 1:8) and three different dipping durations (24 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours) over ten main test groups of SS and TMA archwires with uncoated wires acting as control in both dry and wet conditions. Phase analysis and surface characterization of TiO 2 was analyzed by X-ray Diffractometry, surface evaluation with the help of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and frictional characteristics were evaluated. RESULTS: Among all the concentrations 1:6 ratio with 48 hours of dipping duration showed better surface characteristics. A statistically significant difference in frictional coefficient was observed in both SS and TMA wires than their respective controls (p = 0.001). Intragroup comparison among SS and TMA groups showed that groups with 1:6 ratio and 48 hours dipping duration had least frictional coefficient in both dry and wet conditions (p = 0.001). Intergroup comparison between SS and TMA showed that SS group had significantly reduced friction than TMA (p = 0.001) except in few groups. CONCLUSION: TiO 2 nanoparticle with a concentration ratio of 1:6 and 48 hours dipping duration is recommended for surface modification of orthodontic archwires. � 2023 Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications. All rights reserved.